Cookeina tricholoma

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Cookeina tricholoma
Cookeina tricholoma in Tikal National Park, Guatemala

Cookeina tricholoma in Tikal National Park, Guatemala

Systematics
Subdivision : Real ascent mushrooms (Pezizomycotina)
Class : Pezizomycetes
Order : Cuplets (Pezizales)
Family : Chalice relatives (Sarcoscyphaceae)
Genre : Cookeina
Type : Cookeina tricholoma
Scientific name
Cookeina tricholoma
( Mont. ) Kuntze

Cookeina tricholoma is a hose fungus from the family of the cup-cup relatives .

features

Macroscopic features

The mostly stalked, deep bowl-shaped, leathery fruiting bodies , the apothecia , are 7-25 millimeters in size and 10-30 millimeters wide when dry, and 20-25 millimeters in size when moist. The actual fruiting body, the receptaculum, is orange-yellowish, orange to reddish, but also pink to coral-red when fresh and is 10–40 millimeters in diameter and 5–150 millimeters deep. Both the stem and the receptacle are clearly hairy. The stem is slender, of the same color as the receptacle, and is fleshy. The fruit layer is smooth, of the same color as the receptacle or lighter. The hair is stiff, bristle-shaped and whitish, especially in young fruiting bodies, to brownish-yellow to brown

Microscopic features

The outer excipulum is 10–720 micrometers thick and consists of a textura globulosa (a tissue made up of spherical elements with spaces in between) or a textura angularis (a parenchymal- like tissue). The medullary excipulum consists of a textura porrecta (a tissue of thin-walled, parallel, only slightly intertwined hyphae ) that is 160–200 micrometers thick. The fruit layer becomes 260-440 micrometers thick. The tubes are cylindrical, rounded at the base, with up to 2 micrometers thick cell walls and each have 8 spores arranged in a row . These are elliptical to spindle-shaped, pointed at both ends, almost translucent , with two large and several smaller oil droplets, they are 280–290 × 16–17 micrometers in size. Ripe spores have fine parallel ridges. They grow to be 25–39 × 12–21 micrometers in size. They have two oil droplets that can be up to 9 micrometers in diameter. The paraphyses are thread-like, with cross-connecting ( anastomosing ) and septate .

Species delimitation

Cookeina tricholoma differs from most of the other species of the genus by its distinct hairs. Cookeina tricholoma differs from the very similar species Cookeina sinensis by the ornamented spores and the differently built paraphyses. The species Cookeina korfii , described in 2015, has smaller spores and so far (2016) is only known from the Philippines.

Ecology and diffusion

Cookeina tricholoma lives on fallen tree trunks, twigs and branches. It is widespread worldwide in the lowlands of the tropics, both in the Paleotropic and in the Neotropic . In China it occurs in the provinces of Yunnan , Hainan , Guangxi , among others . In Asia, there are also finds from India ( Kerala , Maharashtra ), Malaysia and Indonesia. From Africa from Cameroon, Sierra Leone and Madagascar. In America it is widespread from Brazil to Mexico.

use

Cookeina tricholoma is consumed as an edible mushroom in parts of Mexico . In Cameroon it is used for medical purposes against earache, whereby no distinction is made between Cookeina sulcipes and Cookeina tricholoma .

ingredients

Various β-D- glucans have been isolated from Cookeina tricholoma , which have an antinociceptive effect, i.e. block nociceptors , i.e. pain receptors.

Systematics and taxonomy

Cookeina tricholoma was first described as Peziza tricholoma by Jean Pierre François Camille Montagne in 1834 . Kuntze placed the species in the genus Cookeina established by him in 1891 . It is the type species of the genus. Phylogenetic studies showed that it is the sister species to Cookeina sinensis , but it differs significantly from it. The species Cookeina korfii , described in 2015, is also in this clade.

etymology

The name tricholoma (= hairy edge) refers to the typical hair. The generic name Cookeina honors the English mycologist Mordecai Cubitt Cooke .

swell

literature

  • Iturriaga, T .; Pfister, DH A monograph of the genus Cookeina (Ascomycota, Pezizales, Sarcoscyphaceae). Mycotaxon 95 (2006), pp. 137-180.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Iturriaga, T .; Pfister, DH: A monograph of the genus Cookeina (Ascomycota, Pezizales, Sarcoscyphaceae) . In: Mycotaxon . tape 95 , 2006, pp. 137-180 ( online ).
  2. ↑ a b c Wang, Z .: Taxonomy of Cookeina in China. In: Mycotaxon . tape 62 , 1997, pp. 289-298 ( online ).
  3. ↑ a b Iturriaga, T .; Xu, F .; Pfister, DH: Cookeina korfii , a new species hidden in Cookeina tricholoma . In: Ascomycete.org . tape 7 , 2015, p. 331–335 ( online via ResearchGate [PDF]).
  4. ^ Cookeina tricholoma (Mont.) Kuntze, 1891 . In: Global Biodiversity Information Facility . Retrieved November 29, 2016 .
  5. ^ H. Van Dijk, N. Awana-Onguene, TW Kuyper: Knowledge and Utilization of Edible Mushrooms by Local Populations of the Rain Forest of South Cameroon . In: Ambio . tape 32 , 2003, p. 19-23 , doi : 10.1579 / 0044-7447-32.1.19 ( online ).
  6. ^ Roberta B. Moreno, Andrea C. Ruthes, Cristiane H. Baggio, Francisco Vilaplana, Dirce L. Komura, Marcello Iacomini: Structure and antinociceptive effects of β-d-glucans from Cookeina tricholoma . In: Carbohydrate Polymers . tape 141 , 2016, p. 220–228 , doi : 10.1016 / j.carbpol.2016.01.001 ( online ).
  7. ↑ Cookeina tricholoma . In: Mycobank . Retrieved November 29, 2016 .
  8. ↑ Cookeina . In: Mycobank . Retrieved November 29, 2016 .
  9. ^ Richard N. Weinstein, Donald H. Pfister, Teresa Iturriaga: A phylogenetic study of the genus Cookeina . In: Mycologia . tape 94 , 2002, pp. 673-682 ( online ).
  10. ^ Mushroom books by Mordecai Cubitt Cooke . In: The Tintling . Retrieved November 25, 2016 .

Web links

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