DSB S (II)
| DSB S (II) | |
|---|---|
 DSB S 736 with special train on the coastal railway (1973)
|
|
| Numbering: | 721-740 |
| Number: | 20th |
| Manufacturer: | 721, 722: Borsig , Berlin 723-740: Frichs , Aarhus |
| Year of construction (s): | 1924: 721, 722 1927-1928: 723-740 |
| Axis formula : | 1'C2 ' |
| Type : | 1'C2 'h3t |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: | 14,860 mm |
| Height: | 4,300 mm |
| Bogie axle base: | 2,300 mm |
| Total wheelbase: | 11,450 mm |
| Empty mass: | 77.7 t |
| Service mass: | 97 t |
| Top speed: | 90 km / h |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1,730 mm |
| Impeller diameter: | 1,054 mm |
| Control type : | Heusinger control |
| Number of cylinders: | 3 |
| Cylinder diameter: | 430 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 670 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 12 kg / cm² |
| Grate area: | 2.4 m² |
| Tubular heating surface: | 118.2 m² |
| Superheater area : | 46 m² |
| Water supply: | 10 m³ |
| Fuel supply: | 3 t, after conversion 4 t coal |
| Locomotive brake: | Suction air, later compressed air |
| Train heating: | steam |
| Coupling type: | Screw coupling |
The class DSB S (II) was a passenger train tender locomotive series of the Danish State Railways Danske Statsbaner (DSB) with the type 1'C2 'h3t. The design of the locomotive came from August Meister .
history
The trains on the local railways going from Copenhagen to Klampenborg , Holte , Hillerød , Rungsted , Helsingør and Frederikssund were moved around 1900 by the 1'B1 'class O tank locomotives . These trains consisted of two-axle compartment cars, open wooden cars and the first Danish double-decker cars. On the Kystbane ( German coastal railway ) Copenhagen– Hellerup –Helsingør and the Nordbane ( German northern railway ) Copenhagen – Hillerød – Helsingør, the trains became gradually heavier, so that the O-locomotives were no longer sufficient.
Therefore, the Borsig locomotive factory in Berlin made drawings for a new triple-coupled locomotive with three cylinders, which was followed by the order for two machines as a pilot series. In 1924 these were delivered by Borsig. Since they were to be used on relatively short routes in suburban traffic from Copenhagen, they were built as tank locomotives that could travel equally fast in both directions. This saved the need to turn the locomotives on turntables at the terminal stations .
The front barrel axle was designed as a Bissel axle . The inner cylinder was very high so that the drive rod could be guided over the first wheelset shaft. All three connecting rods attacked the central coupling axle. The cab was completely closed, the doors had windows. The water supply of 10 m³ was carried in two large water boxes at the side, which reached from the driver's cab to the front end of the smoke chamber. In addition, the locomotives had a frame water tank under the driver's cab. The buffers were first designed as heavy cylinder buffers in Denmark. The maximum train load was 350 tons for passenger trains and 700 tons for freight trains. The axle load was 16.9 tons.
The first two machines were brought to Fredericia via Padborg in 1924 . Due to the dimensions and weight, the double-track railway ferries across the Great Belt were not chosen for the transfer , but the detour via the Fredericia – Masnedø ferry connection , where a single-track ferry could be used. The first stationing took place in Korsør .
The remaining 18 units were built by the Frichs locomotive factory in Århus . The reason for this was the state requirement that local companies should be given preference in order to strengthen the local economy. Delivery began in 1927. The first five locomotives also took the ferry from Fredericia to Masnedø. When the first three-track ferry across the Great Belt, the M / F Korsør, went into operation in June 1927 , the remaining 13 machines could be transported directly via the central lane of this ship.
Calls
The two Borsig locomotives stayed on Vestbane until 1927 . From this year they were used with the Frichs locomotives for train transportation on the Kystbanen and Nordbanen.
After the electrification of the line between Klampenborg and Holte, which was carried out in sections and completed on May 15, 1936, locomotives of the S (II) series were used on the Nordvestbane between Copenhagen and Kalundborg , again on the Vestbane and on the Sydbane between Copenhagen and Nykøbing Falster used. After the opening of Storstrømsbroen in 1937, which enabled continuous train traffic to Gedser , the coal bins were enlarged so that they could now hold four tons. This was done by raising the coal box and lengthening it backwards so that it protruded over the buffers. This increased the service mass accordingly. Independently of this measure, coal was followed up in Næstved on the trips to Gedser .
The locomotives were always in use on Zealand and Falster . For local trains between Rungsted and Hillerød, three locomotives were assigned, which always went north with the chimney. For the Kystbane trains to Elsinore, the machines were almost always turned in Copenhagen and Elsinore.
Conversions
During the operations on Kystbanen and Nordbanen, the trains had to travel through the boulevard tunnel with a stop in the tunnel in Nørreport. In order to avoid the development of exhaust steam in the tunnel, the locomotives were equipped with a condensation unit in the early 1930s, with which the steam was returned to the large side water tanks. Since the water was heated in this way, no injectors could be used and feed water pumps from the manufacturer Worthington had to be installed. This was attached in front of the left driver's cab stairs.
The raised boiler and the very short chimney led to the locomotive crews being unable to see because of the smoke gases. Therefore, large smoke deflectors were installed between 1935 and 1939 . The suction air brakes , which only act on the three coupling axles on delivery , were converted to compressed air brakes in 1940/41 , which acted on all wheels. The compressor was attached to the right side of the driver's cab.
The locomotives originally had gas lighting . Between 1931 and 1934, the 734 was experimentally equipped with a turbo generator . Between 1951 and 1954, all locomotives in the series were equipped with turbo generators.
Misfortunes
Locomotive 736 derailed on November 6, 1942 north of Espergærde station as a result of sabotage . The locomotive overturned and the staff got away with minor injuries. This was the first case of rail sabotage in Denmark during World War II .
Retired and preserved locomotives
The shutdowns and decommissioning began in 1961. The 728 and 732 were the last locomotives in 1970 that were used in service. Except for a few copies, all were scrapped.
The following are preserved:
- 736 , which was rebuilt after the act of sabotage in 1942. It is kept operational in Roskilde by DSB Museumstog , a division of the Danish Railway Museum. The locomotive was last used on Saturday, September 14, 2019 because the boiler deadline had expired. The locomotive is a registered museum piece and a nationally protected cultural heritage that must be preserved. However, the museum can no longer provide the necessary operational maintenance.
- 740 , is being restored at Nordsjællands Veterantog in Rungsted . This locomotive was sold to the Nene Valley Railway in England in 1979 . In the movie James Bond 007 - Octopussy it was used with the number of the German locomotive 62 015 . In 1995 it was acquired by Nordsjællands Veterantog .
literature
- Steffen Dresler: DSB litra R, H og S: de store, delvis danskbyggede damplokomotiver . Næstved 2008 (Danish, worldcat.org [accessed October 18, 2016]).
Web links
- Hans T. Møller: Commentary on the sheet: DSB litra R, H og S af Steffen Dresler. (PDF) December 2010, p. 20 , accessed on October 18, 2016 (Danish).
- DSB damplokomotiv litra S - The store tendermaskine. In: sundborg.wordpress.com. September 17, 2011, accessed October 18, 2016 (Danish).
- DSB S 740 Teknik. Nordsjællands Veterantog, accessed October 19, 2016 (Danish).
Individual evidence
- ↑ DSB S 721. the-blueprints.com, accessed on October 20, 2016 (English).
- ↑ DSB Litra S (II) 721 - 740. jernbanen.dk, accessed on October 18, 2016 (Danish).
- ^ Klaus-Jürgen Juhnke: The importance and design of the railways for passenger traffic in metropolitan areas . In: Prof. Dr. Dr. Fritz Voigt (Ed.): Transport science research . Series of publications by the Institute for Industrial and Transport Policy at the University of Bonn. tape 14 . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1966, p. 96 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Afskedstur for S 736 på Kystbanen. In: jernbanemuseet.dk. Retrieved September 1, 2019 (Danish).
- ↑ Damplokomotivet S 736 og det Fremtid ved DJM. (PDF) In: jernbanemuseet.dk. Retrieved September 1, 2019 (Danish).
- ↑ Danske Statsbaner, DSB Litra S 740. Nordsjællands Veterantog, accessed on March 11, 2019 (Danish).
- ↑ Octopussy. Feature film, Great Britain 1983. eisenbahn-im-film.de, accessed October 18, 2016 .