Daubeney (noble family)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Coat of arms of the Daubeney family

The Daubeney family was an English family who owned extensive estates, mostly in Somerset and Bedfordshire , from around 1225 to 1548 . The family initially belonged to the gentry , before the head of the family gained peer status in 1485 . In 1548 the family died out in direct male line of succession, with the result that the titles became void.

Origin and early years

The Daubeney family was a branch line of the Anglo-Norman family Aubigny , which originally came from Saint-Aubin-d'Aubigné in Brittany. The main line of the family should not be confused with the Aubigny family of the same name , who had held the title of Earl of Arundel since 1138 . The d'Aubigny family had received the rule of Belvoir in the 12th century . The founder of the Daubeney family is Elias d'Aubigne , who received lands near Belvoir, Ingleby , Saxilby and Broadholme near Lincoln from William d'Aubigné († 1167 or 1168), Lord of Belvoir . Presumably from the dukes of Brittany, who were also English Earls of Richmond , Elias received a fief at Brant Broughton . He also owned the Seigneurie de Landal in Brittany. Presumably Ralph d'Aubigny , Elias' eldest son, had inherited the estates first, while the younger sons Philip , Oliver and Marchisius (also Mark d'Aubigny ) entered the service of Robert de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Leicester . Earl Robert gave Oliver the Enderby estate , while Philip received the estate from Waltham on the Wolds , Leicestershire . Earl Robert also brokered Philip's marriage to Joan , the widow of William de Bouquetot , which took place in 1200. By marriage Philip acquired possessions in Normandy and from the Earl of Gloucester as a fiefdom Horsmonden in Kent. Oliver d'Aubigny was allowed to marry Johanna, the widow of Philip of Oldcoates, in 1221. After his childless death, he bequeathed his land at Enderby to Croxton Abbey , where he wanted to be buried. Marchisius d'Aubigny became a clergyman and held a benefice at Lincoln Cathedral in 1216 . That year he served as administrator of the vacant Diocese of Worcester .

Rise of the family in the 13th century

After King Johann Ohneland had lost Normandy in the war with France in 1204 , Philip's brother Ralph decided to recognize French rule in order to be able to keep his possessions there. Therefore Johann Ohneland declared his English possessions forfeited in 1205 and gave them to Ralph's brother Philip. Despite the loss of Normandy possessions, Philip kept the estates in Brittany and in 1225 he received from the Crown the estate of South Petherton in Somerset. This became the family headquarters next to Ingleby. Philip d'Aubigny died in 1236 without any legitimate heirs , whereupon his nephew Ralph Daubeneny inherited the estate. Although his son Elis Daubeney was born in Brittany, he consolidated the family's position in England. As an important military man, he was summoned to parliaments as Lord Daubeney , but died in 1305.

Loss of importance due to guardianship administrations in the 14th and early 15th centuries

When Elis Daubeney's twin sons came of age in 1326, they shared the property. Ralph Daubeney received the English possessions while William received the estates in Brittany. From this point on, the family split into two lines. Ralph Daubeney, who remained in England, became a member of the royal council, but unlike his father, he was not invited to any parliament. His son Giles I Daubeney was able to purchase estates in Bedfordshire and Middlesex and was elected Knight of the Shire for Parliament, as did his son Giles II and his son Giles III Daubeney . Although the family only belonged to the gentry, they were able to build up extensive land holdings, especially in southern England, through marriages and acquisitions. At the end of the 14th century, the family owned the Lincolnshire estates of Kempston in Bedfordshire, Barrington , South Petherton and Chillington in Somerset, and Polruan , Fawton and other estates near St Neot in Cornwall . The value of these possessions was assessed inconsistently, whereby the goods were apparently partly clearly undervalued. Such was Eleanor , widow of Giles II Daubeny late 14th century goods with annual income of just £ 40 and this effect is said to have actually had 1400 annual solely from the estate of South Petherton income of £ 50th Giles III's estates are said to have brought in £ 110 a year prior to 1403, but in 1412 the income from Somerset estates alone is said to have been at least £ 120 a year. However, the early deaths of Giles II and Giles III and the subsequent custodial administrations for the minor heirs diminished the influence of the family at the end of the 14th century and at the beginning of the 15th century, and the widows of the deceased heads of families received large parts of the estates for life Wittum .

Rise after the end of the Wars of the Roses and the extinction of the family in male succession

William Daubeney , the son and heir of Giles III Daubeney, was able to win other goods in Somerset through marriage in the first half of the 15th century. William's son and heir Giles Daubeney supported Edward IV during the Wars of the Roses . After an unsuccessful revolt against Richard III. but in 1483 fled to Brittany. There he joined Henry Tudor , for whom he fought at the Battle of Bosworth . He became a close confidante of the new king and received further donations of land from him. In 1486 he was raised to Baron Daubeney and rose to Lord Chamberlain at the royal court . Henry Daubeney became his heir . He was made Earl of Bridgewater in 1538 , but died in 1548 without any descendants. With that, the main line of the family in male succession became extinct. The possessions fell to Henry Daubeney's nephew John Bourchier, 2nd Earl of Bath , the titles Baron Daubeney and Earl of Bridgewater expired.

Master list (extract)

  1. Elias d'Aubigny
    1. Ralph d'Aubigny
      1. Ralph Daubeney († 1292)
        1. Philip Daubeney († 1294)
        2. Elis Daubeney (around 1270–1305)
          1. Ralph Daubeney
            1. Giles I Daubeney (around 1333-1386)
              1. Giles II Daubeney (1370-1403)
                1. John Daubeney († 1409)
                2. Giles III Daubeney (1399-1446)
                  1. William Daubeney (1424-1461)
                    1. Giles Daubeney, 1st Baron Daubeney (1451 / 2–1508)
                      1. Henry Daubeney, 1st Earl of Bridgewater (1493-1548)
          2. William Daubeney, Seigneur de Landal
    2. Philip d'Aubigny († 1236)
    3. Oliver d'Aubigny, Lord of Enderby
    4. Marchisius d'Aubigny

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Nicholas Vincent: Aubigny, Philip d '[Philip Daubeney] (d. 1236). In: Henry Colin Gray Matthew, Brian Harrison (Eds.): Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , from the earliest times to the year 2000 (ODNB). Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-861411-X , ( oxforddnb.com license required ), as of 2004
  2. ^ History of Parliament Online: DAUBENEY, Giles (1370 / 1-1403), of Kempston, Beds. and South Petherton, Som. Retrieved April 8, 2018 .
  3. ↑ Cracroft's Peerage: Bridgewater, Earl of (E, 1538-1548). Retrieved April 6, 2018 .