David Friesenhausen

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David Friesenhausen (also David Katz and Dawid ben Me ir Friesenhausen ) (born 1750 in Friesenhausen ; died on March 23, 1828 in Karlsburg , Transylvania ) was a German - Hungarian mathematician and Talmud scholar . Friesenhausen published several books on mathematics and physics in Hebrew.

Life

David Friesenhausen was the son of Meier Cohen. He was a student of the Fürth yeshiva, where he showed a particular interest in mathematics and the natural sciences. In 1783 he married Mirl, daughter of David Ottensoos, from whom he separated in 1787. Friesenhausen moved to Berlin in 1780 to pursue the natural sciences . In Berlin he was Benjamin Halberstadt's house rabbi for ten years.

He published Kelil ha-hesbon , a handbook on algebra and geometry in Hebrew , in addition, he also published on the subjects of astronomy and mechanics .

On his extensive travels he came to Mattersburg in Burgenland in 1796 and shortly afterwards to Pest , Kingdom of Hungary . There he settled down as a merchant. In 1806 he was committed to the establishment of a rabbinical seminary , but the Pest community thwarted this. In the same year he became a Dajan in Hunsdorf , then, until 1816, in Waag-Neustadtl in Slovakia . In the course of his life he distanced himself from the Haskala, which he initially welcomed, and at the end of his life was very critical of it. At the same time he was also an Orthodox rabbi.

In Mosedot tevel , an astronomical treatise published in Vienna in 1820 , he also tried to prove the axiom of parallels (sometimes called the 11th axiom) from Euclid's elements. A book on logarithms ( Königsberg 1854) and on the 11th and 12th books of Euclid's elements ( Jitomir 1875) was published posthumously in Hebrew .

Works

  • Kelil ha-hesbon. Berlin 1796.
    • Second edition Sepher kelil ha-hesbon. Algebra textbook. Saul Meyerhoffer, Zhovkva (Zolkiew) 1835.
  • Mosedot tevel. Vienna 1820.

Contribution to publications

literature

  • The Orient: Reports, Studies, and Reviews for Jewish History and Literature. Edited by Julius Fürst , Leipzig 1848, p. 166.
  • Julius Fürst: Bibliotheca Judaica: Bibliographical manual of the entire Jewish literature. Volume I, Leipzig 1849, p. 304; Photomechanical reprint Hildesheim and New York 1960.
  • Leopold Löw : On the rabbi question in Hungary. Part I: The seminar question. Ben Chananja 1865, pp. 6-7, 25-26.
  • Moritz Steinschneider : Catalogus librorum Hebraeorum in Bibliotheca Bodleiana, jussu curatorum digessit et notis instruxit. Berlin 1852–1861, number 4804.
  • Samuel Joseph Fuenn: Kenäsäth Yiśrā'el. Zichrōnōth lethōledōth gedōle Yiśrā'el ha-nōda'īm lešem be thōrathām, be håchmathām, bema'aśēhäm mīmōth ha-ge'ōnīm'ad ha-dōr ha-tenah. Warsaw 1886–1890, p. 252.
  • The Jewish Encyclopedia . Volume V, p. 521, New York and London 1901-1906.
  • Leopold Löwenstein : On the history of the Jews in Fürth. Second part: rabbinate assessors and other eminent personalities. In: Yearbook of the Jewish-Literary Society in Frankfurt am Main. Year 8, Frankfurt am Main 1910, p. 100.
  • Peter Ujvári: Magyar zsidó lexicon. Budapest 1929, p. 297.
  • Salomon Wininger : Great Jewish National Biography. Chernivtsi (Chernivtsi) 1925–1931, Volume II, p. 352.
  • Encyclopaedia Judaica . Judaism in the past and present. Volume V, Berlin 1929-1934, p. 857.
  • Meir Gilon: R. David Friesenhausen between Haskalah and Hassidism. In: Moshe Carmilly-Weinberger: The Rabbinical Seminary of Budapest. 1877-1977: A Centennial Volume. New York 1986, pp. 3-5, 19-54.
  • Moshe Alexander Zusha Kinstlicher: Hä “Hātham Sōfer“ uvenēdōrō: 'Īšīm biTešūvōth Hātham Sōfer. Rešīmat ha-šō'alīm weha-mūzkārīm 'in qawīm qesārīm leqōrōth hayyehäm. Bne Brak 1993, p. 115.
  • Moshe Carmilly-Weinberger: The Similarities and Relationship Between the 'Jüdisch-Theologisches Seminar' (Breslau) and the Rabbinical Seminary (Budapest). In: Year Book of the Leo Baeck Institute. Volume 44, Oxford / London 1999, p. 7.
  • Entry FRIESENHAUSEN, David. In: Michael Brocke and Julius Carlebach (editors), edited by Carsten Wilke : Biographisches Handbuch der Rabbis. Part 1: The rabbis of the emancipation period in the German, Bohemian and Greater Poland countries 1781-1871. K G Saur, Munich 2004, p. 350.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Steven M. Lowenstein: The Berlin Jewish community , New York: Oxford University Press, 1994. ISBN 0-19-508326-1 . (Page 101)
  2. ↑ Kurt Wilhelm: Wissenschaft des Judentums im Deutschen Sprachbereich / Vol. 2 , Tübingen: Mohr (Siebeck), 1967. (p. 19)
personal data
SURNAME Friesenhausen, David
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Katz, David; Friesenhausen, Dawid ben Me ir
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Hungarian mathematician
DATE OF BIRTH 1750
PLACE OF BIRTH Friesenhausen
DATE OF DEATH March 23, 1828
Place of death Alba Iulia