Debantbach
| Debantbach | ||
 Debantbach between Seichenbrunn and Hofalm |
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| Data | ||
| location | East Tyrol, Austria | |
| River system | Danube | |
| Drain over | Drau → Danube → Black Sea | |
| source | West of Hochschobers 46 ° 56 ′ 22 ″ N , 12 ° 42 ′ 47 ″ E |
|
| Source height | 2540 m above sea level A. | |
| muzzle | At Dölsach in the Drau coordinates: 46 ° 48 '30 " N , 12 ° 50' 33" E 46 ° 48 '30 " N , 12 ° 50' 33" E |
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| Mouth height | 650 m above sea level A. | |
| Height difference | 1890 m | |
| Bottom slope | 85 ‰ | |
| length | 22.3 km | |
| Catchment area | 83.7 km² | |
| Discharge at the Obernussdorf A Eo gauge : 56.8 km² Location: 7.98 km above the mouth |
NNQ (02/19/1987) MNQ 2000–2009 MQ 2000–2009 Mq 2000–2009 MHQ 2000–2009 HHQ (07/19/1987) |
270 l / s 460 l / s 1.97 m³ / s 34.7 l / (s km²) 16.1 m³ / s 51.7 m³ / s |
| Left tributaries | Trelebitschbach, Nussdorf Bach | |
| Communities | Nussdorf-Debant , Iselsberg-Stronach , Dölsach | |
 The Debantbach near Debant |
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The Debantbach is a brook in East Tyrol . It rises west of the Hochschobers and north of the Leibnitztörl below the Debantgrat . At the end of the Debanttal valley , the Debantbach joins the Gößnitzbach and then flows through the Debanttal and flows into the Drau at Dölsach . The Debantbach overcomes a height of 1890 meters from the origin to the mouth and has a total length of 22.3 kilometers. On its way, the brook drains a catchment area of 83.67 km² and takes in a total of 48 bodies of water via tributaries and their tributaries.
geography
geology
The Debantbach flows almost exclusively through a uniform formation of crystalline slate. Only in the mouth area does the brook run through the gravel and sand landed by the Drava.
course
The Debantbach rises in the Hohe Tauern National Park at an altitude of 2540 meters west of the Hochschobers and below the Leibnitztörl to the south in the municipality of Nussdorf-Debant . Then it flows in a westerly direction through a heterogeneous and small-scale changing valley bottom to the valley head of the Debant valley, where it joins the Gößnitzbach and other source streams. The Lienzer Hütte is located just below the end of the valley at an altitude of 1974 meters and at the end of a road . As a result, the Debantbach runs in a south-easterly direction through the valley and passes the Hofalm, Gaimberger Alm and Gaimberger Schäferhütte within the national park region. Here the course of the stream changes again and again between short levels and steep steps. Below the Roracher Alm, the Debantbach finally reaches the border between the communities of Nußdorf-Debant and Iselsberg-Stronach , which it then forms until shortly before the confluence. Below the Roracher Alm, the valley finally narrows and the stream flows through a short downhill section to the Domaburger Alm. In the area of the Untere Göriacher Alm, however, the bottom widens again and the slopes are somewhat flatter. This is followed by a narrow notch valley, which is interrupted several times by short, flat stretches of flow. Finally, the Debantbach leaves the valley of the same name through the Debant Gorge and flows through the Debant district before it reaches the municipal area of Dölsach and flows into the Drau in a wide alluvial cone near the Kapaun district.
history
The name Debant is derived in different ways. On the one hand, the name indicates an origin of Celtic river and place names such as Deva or Debana , which are derived from the Latin word divius (divine). On the other hand, the name is sometimes associated with the Slavic ( djeva = girl).
The course of the Debantbach brook on the alluvial cone in the Iseltal at the time of Aguntum has not yet been traced. It is believed, however, that this was once further west and flowed to the right at the gorge exit towards Lienz. After Aguntum had already been given up, the former urban area of Aguntum was flooded several times in the last centuries of the first millennium AD and buried under a thick layer of sand, gravel and debris. From modern times, flood events at the end of the 19th century in particular have been handed down on the Debantbach. In the years 1881, 1882, 1885 and 1890 there were major floods and floods on the alluvial cone of the Debantbach. The last severe flood events occurred in September 1965 as well as in August and November 1966. In 1965 the Debantbach brook almost erupted towards Lienz. As a result, the flood protection at the alluvial cone was greatly increased so that a brook eruption is not to be expected even after a 150-year flood.
environment
Flora and fauna
In the spring area above the Lienzer Hütte, dwarf shrub heaths and alpine grass communities predominate. Below the hut, however, you will find areas used for alpine farming. Essentially, the Debantbach is subsequently accompanied by coniferous forests , with spruce predominating in lower elevations, while larches and Swiss pines predominate in higher elevations . On a small scale, there is also an alpine meadow landscape in the area of the Untere Göriacher Alm. The surrounding areas in the lower reaches of the Debantbach, on the other hand, are mostly used intensively, and floodplain landscapes only occasionally occur (Debantbach gravel basin). Particularly noteworthy is the occurrence of the rare German tamarisk growing here in the relocation routes .
The fish passability is interrupted for the first time from the Drau by an artificial crash structure below the power station building. Furthermore, these are prevented by natural brook falls and waterfalls in the gorge of the brook. However, fish can be seen both in the area of the Lienzer Hütte and at Seichenbrunn . However, this is likely to be due to stocking measures and the pond system at Seichenbrunn.
Bank condition and building measures
Due to its course through the deep gorge of the Debanttal, the course of the Debantbach is largely unchanged. This is also the reason why the stream has mostly unspoilt banks and natural stretches. Built-up stretches can be found along the Debantbach, especially in the lower reaches of the Debant settlement areas and in the agriculturally used estuary of the valley. Here, the banks of the river are only linear and narrow or are completely absent. In addition, the stream is accompanied by a partially paved causeway. In the gravel area, however, a diversified floodplain landscape has been preserved, in which the river also has strong branches.
Water quality
A separate study for the Debantbach is not available, but it can be assumed that the Debantbach has only a very low level of water pollution. Above the inn zur Säge (lower Debanttal) there is no longer any discharge of faecal water , a biological domestic sewage treatment plant was built for the wastewater from the Lienzer Hütte .
economy
In terms of energy, the Debantbach is used several times in the lower reaches. The power plant stages Debant I and II are operated by TIWAG , the hydropower plant below by the Klocker company. In the power plants mentioned, the amount of water withdrawn is between 30% and 40%. In total, the remaining waterways make up 17% of the total length.
literature
- Catholic Tyrolean Teachers' Association (Ed.): District Studies East Tyrol. Innsbruck 2001 ISBN 3-7066-2267-X
Web links
- Nature conservation plan for the rivers in Tyrol (PDF; 647 kB)
Individual evidence
- ^ Office of the Tyrolean provincial government: tirisMaps , topic tree : water - rivers / lakes - rivers km , accessed on April 2, 2015
- ↑ Federal Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management (ed.): Hydrographisches Jahrbuch von Österreich 2009. 117th volume. Vienna 2011, p. OG 329, PDF (12.1 MB) on bmlrt.gv.at (yearbook 2009)
- ↑ Otto Unterweger: On the geomorphology of the Debantbach and its influence on the urban area of Aguntum. In: Martin Auer, Harald Stadler (ed.): From Aguntum to Alkuser See. On the Roman history of the settlement chamber of East Tyrol. Wiesbaden 2018, ISBN 978-3-447-10949-9 , pp. 167-172