The anarchist

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Under the magazine title Der Anarchist , at least eight anarchist press media appeared in the period from 1886 to 1948 , which were published independently of various groups and individuals in Chicago , St. Louis , Berlin , Leipzig , Hamburg , Vienna and London .

This section of the anarchists of Chicago by Walter Crane circulated widely among anarchists, socialists and trade unionists.

Chicago (1886)

This magazine appeared from January to May 1886 with four issues and was edited by the autonomous groups of the International Workers' Association . The editing was in the hands of, among others, Adolph Fischer, Georg Engel and Louis Lingg . The successor to Chicago's Der Anarchist was the magazine Die Autonomie (1886-1893).

St. Louis (1889 to 1895)

The Anarchist was the successor to the publication of the same name from Chicago (1886), published by the Autonomous Groups of America , especially the Radical Labor League . At first it appeared twice a week, from the 4th year onwards weekly and since 1894 again every two weeks. The subtitle was Anarchist Communist Organ . The motto was adopted from August Spies : “The time will come when our silence will be more powerful than the voices that you are strangling today” . The editors were Karl Masur (also written Carl Mazur), Otto Rinke , Claus Timmermann and Josef Peukert . Articles by Rudolf Rocker , Georges Etievant, Peter Kropotkin , Emma Goldmann and Georg Mazinger have been published.

Berlin (1903 to 1907)

"Anarchy is order, freedom and prosperity for all" was the subtitle. The editors were Richard Klose, who had to flee abroad and who from 1903 replaced Rudolf Lange, Otto Weidt and Wilhelm Ehrenberg. In five years the Anarchist Agitation Association for Berlin and the surrounding area published 67 issues at irregular intervals. Numbers 1 and 3 were banned under the criminal code of the time. Articles and texts by Jean Grave , Pierre Ramus , Arthur Arnould, Karl Henckel, Peter Kropotkin, Johann Most , Hans Müller, Erich Mühsam and others have been published. The successor to the Berliner Blatt Der Anarchist was the organ of the socialist federation , the magazine Der Sozialist , published by Gustav Landauer and Margarete Faas. Max. M. Müller printed the magazine for no financial consideration; In 1915 he was drafted into the military, which meant the end of The Socialist .

Leipzig (1903 to 1913)

The Leipzig magazine Der Anarchist was the "organ for the propaganda of anarchism and socialism ", published by Arthur Holke with an edition of initially 2000, later 1000 copies and. The connection between anarchism and socialism leads to communist anarchism, which propagates workers' self-government and also rejects the state as a form of rule.

Berlin, Vienna (1919)

Published by Der neue Mensch , it was the newspaper of the anarcho-socialists and consequent anti-militarists and saw itself as an organ of the declassed and dissatisfied. The anarcho-socialists strive for a connection between collective responsibility and individual freedom; the state as an instrument of rule is rejected. It is not known how many issues the magazine had in the one year of its existence. The predecessor was Der Sozialist (1909–1915), later integrated “Der Anarchist” into the Viennese magazine Revolution , which had 34 issues.

Hamburg (1921)

Magazines on the subject of individualistic anarchism were and are exceptions to the numerous press publications. From 1919 to 1920, Benedict Lachmann's The Individualistic Anarchist appeared . In October / November 1921, No. 1 was published by Der Anarchist , with the subtitle “Journal for Individualistic Culture”, edited by H. Gebert. For reasons not known up to now, only one edition was published on the philosophy and theory of this anarchist worldview . As early as 1911, the correspondence sheet of the Association of Individualistic Anarchists in Berlin was published with 6 issues by Bernhard Zack. Individualistic anarchism was represented by John Henry Mackay (1864–1933) and, in the 1970s, by Kurt Zube . This philosophy combines the freedom of the individual with the interests of a free, social society. “There was a limit to his freedom - the freedom of others. I am free if I am not forced by others to do or not to do something that I do not want to do or not to do, as long as I do not enjoy the same freedom of others…. intervene by force ” . In 1954, Uwe Timm was editor of the two magazines Mahnruf Junge Individualisten and, together with Willy Huppertz, Der Junge Antiautoritäre . Both magazines were devoted to individualistic anarchism.

Vienna (1927 to 1928)

Under the direction of Pierre Ramus, the Viennese magazine with the subtitle “For free people and those who want to become one” aimed for a spiritual and social renewal in the sense of peace, non-violence and individual self-determination . The predecessor of The Anarchist was the journal Prosperity for All, also edited by Ramus, and the successor to the journal Knowledge and Liberation . In the 2 years of its publication, the weekly publication reached 32 issues.

London (1948)

Three years after the Second World War , a “group Bakunin” under the editorship of John Olday (1905–1977) in London published the hectographed booklet Der Anarchist in German with a total of 5 issues. The Bakunin group , named after the Russian revolutionary Michail Bakunin , was founded in 1946 as an international group with a section in Germany which published the newspaper Mitteilungen Deutscher Anarchisten from March to July 1948. The articles were often translations or reprints from the magazine Freedom . John Olday entered into a fictitious marriage with the resistance fighter Hilda Monte and emigrated to Australia in 1954. The magazine Der Anarchist was supposed to help build an anarchist movement in Germany. As early as 1945 Otto Reimers aimed to do the same in Germany with his publication Mahnruf .

literature

  • Günter Bartsch , Anarchism in Germany . 1945-1965. Volume 1, The Anarchist (London), pages 127–129. Warning call of young individualists , pages 235, 236. The young anti-authoritarian , pages 229, 236, 237. Fackelträger-Verlag, Hanover 1972. ISBN 3-7716-1331-0 .
  • Max Nettlau, History of Anarchy . Library Thélème, Münster 1993, 1st edition, reprint of the Berlin edition, Verlag Der Syndikalist , 1927.
    • Volume 3 ; The Anarchist (St. Louis, New York); Page 306, 333. The Anarchist (Chicago), Page 382. ISBN 3-930819-00-7 .
    • Volume 4 ; The Anarchist (St. Louis, New York), page 445. ISBN 3-930819-01-5 .
    • Volume 5 ; The Anarchist (St. Louis, New York), pages 168, 176, 178, 282. The Anarchist (Vienna), page 279. The Anarchist (Leipzig), page 236 f., 259. The Anarchist (Berlin), page 236 , 269, 274.
  • Holger Jenrich: Anarchist Press in Germany 1945–1985 . Dissertation at the Philosophical Faculty of the Westphalian Wilhelms University in Münster. Libertarian Science, Volume 6, anyway publisher . Grafenau-Döfflingen 1988. ISBN 3-922209-75-0 .
  • Ulrich Linse : Organized anarchism in the German Empire from 1871 . Berlin 1969. The Anarchist (Berlin 1903). Pages 55, 166, 168, 202, 204-207, 209-210, 213, 216.

Web links

Brief information about the magazines Der Anarchist in the database of German-speaking anarchism (DadA):

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cf. on this: Max Nettlau , History of Anarchy ; Volume 3
  2. ↑ See on this: M. Nettlau, Geschichte der Anarchie ; Volume 3 and 4
  3. ↑ See: Ulrich Linse, Organized Anarchismus im Deutschen Kaiserreich from 1871
  4. ↑ See on this: M. Nettlau, History of Anarchy , Volume 5
  5. ↑ Author: Hajo Schmück. German-speaking anarchism and its press ( Memento of the original from March 3, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In the database of German-speaking anarchism (DadA). Retrieved on August 6, 2009. In Ulrich Linses book Organized Anarchism , “there is important information (partly from police archives )…, as well as about the papers, partly in opposition to the Berlin newspaper parties , Der Anarchist (Leipzig)…” Quoted from Hajo Schmück, German-speaking anarchism and its press @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / projekte.free.de
  6. ↑ Quoting from John Henry Mackay, from: Der Freiheitsucher ; Page 138. Verlag der Mackay-Gesellschaft, Freiburg / Br. 1976. ISBN 3-921388-03-1
  7. ↑ See on this: Günter Bartsch, Anarchismus in Deutschland , Volume 1
  8. ↑ See on this: M. Nettlau, History of Anarchy, Volume 5
  9. ↑ Günter Bartsch, Anarchism in Germany , Volume 1, pages 67 to 69
  10. ↑ Peter Koblank: Union Time, Hilda Monte and the Illegale "A" , online edition Mythos Elser 2006, accessed on January 16, 2013
  11. ^ Klaus Sator: John Olday. On the trail of a gay artist and anarchist . In: Invertito , 11th year (2009).
  12. ↑ See on this: Günter Bartsch, Anarchismus in Deutschland, Volume 1