German-Nordic trade and industry exhibition
The German-Nordic trade and industry exhibition took place from June 21st to September 30th, 1895 in Lübeck .
history
The manufacturer Heinrich Thiel is considered to be the father of this exhibition . Following the lecture given by Ernst Elfeld to members of the industry association on "The promotion of export trade and industry by export associations as non-profit enterprises" on the evening of February 8, 1894, he expressed the idea of holding a trade and industry exhibition in Lübeck.
The exhibition, the main purpose of which was to draw attention to Lübeck as a business location, followed the example of similar events in Hamburg (1889) and the Northwest German Trade and Industry Exhibition in Bremen (1890). Gut Marli , east of the old town on the other side of the Wakenitz , served as the exhibition site and was made available for this purpose by its owner, the architect Ferdinand Wallbrecht , in preparation for the subsequent development of the building land he planned.
On the approximately 140,000 square meter site on Moltkestrasse , which Wallbrecht had laid out at his own expense to develop the site, a total of 1794 exhibitors presented industrial products and commercial goods in 70 pavilions and two large exhibition halls. 15 percent of the exhibitors came from abroad, mainly from the Russian Empire and the Scandinavian countries. There were several restaurants available to visitors, and the silhouette of Lübeck's old town could be seen over the Wakenitz from a 30-meter-high observation tower . The entrance portal was built in the form of a replica of the middle mill gate of the former Lübeck city fortifications , which was broken off in 1809 . A horticultural , colonial and naval exhibition were connected to the economic exhibition . The gardener Metaphius Theodor August Langenbuch planned the horticultural facilities for the exhibition grounds .
In order to cope with the expected rush, a new tram line was specially built, with which visitors could travel from the city center to the exhibition grounds. Admission to the exhibition was one mark on weekdays and 50 pfennigs on Sundays. Children under the age of 12 and members of the military from sergeant downwards each paid half the entrance fee.
Although a total of 750,000 visitors came, the German-Nordic Trade and Industry Exhibition closed with a financial deficit. The exhibition buildings were completely removed after the event, and a residential area was created on the Marli site, which became part of the Lübeck suburb of St. Gertrud , which was developed in the first half of the 20th century .
Follow-up event
The basic idea of this exhibition was only taken up again after the First World War by the Nordic Week (September 1 to 11, 1921). The extremely controversial poster of this event, created by the commercial artist Alfred Mahlau , shaped the further city advertising of Lübeck until the 1960s. He had presented a large number of fishing trawlers with red and black masts moored around a red Duckdalben . The poster was described in the press as a “bloody porcupine”, while the Reichskunstwart Edwin Redslob called it “one of the best-resolved posters that has been found recently”. The Nordic Week 1921 consisted of several events next to each other, with which the Hanseatic city wanted to free itself from its isolation in a peripheral location and to remind of its centrality in the Baltic Sea area and to reconnect. The local handicrafts and the Lübeck industry presented themselves in a fair in front of the Holsten Gate . In the Katharinenkirche as a museum church “ Emil Nolde's religious pictures were shown” supplemented by religious sculptures in the main nave of the church. An exhibition on German and Nordic architects was shown in the lower choir of the church and documents, seals and incunabula from the company's own holdings in the upper choir . The Behnhaus showed art from Lübeck and the Schabbelhaus the art from Scandinavia. The program was supplemented by music events and concerts as well as numerous lectures. Thomas Mann spoke about Goethe and Tolstoj , Jonny Roosval about relations between Lübeck art and Scandinavia . In the performing arts, Hans Holtorf gave the dance of death and Mary Wigman gave a dance evening.
The Nordic Society , which was also founded in Lübeck in 1921 as a carrier of economic and cultural exchange , was initially an important cultural carrier in Lübeck, but after the national socialists were brought into line in 1933 , it was expanded into an important organization for their propaganda in northern Europe . From 1934 to 1939, Lübeck, as the seat of the Reich Office of this society, was also the venue for the elaborate Reich meetings of the Nordic Society . As early as 1940 it became clear that the propaganda did not catch on in Scandinavia. The Nordic Society was wound up in 1956.
photos
Pavilions on the exhibition grounds.
Café / restaurant on the exhibition grounds.
Restaurant on the exhibition grounds.
See also
literature
- Abram Enns: Art and the Bourgeoisie. The controversial twenties in Lübeck. Weiland, Lübeck 1978, ISBN 3-7672-0571-8 .
- Eberhard Groenewold: Lübeck, the way it was. 2nd Edition. Droste, Düsseldorf 1975, ISBN 3-7700-0348-9 .
- Helmut von der Lippe : memories of old Lübeck. LN readers open their photo albums for the 100th anniversary of their newspaper. Unusual pictures tell the story of a city from 1882 to 1933. Documentation from the Lübecker Nachrichten. Verlag der Lübecker Nachrichten, Lübeck 1982.
- Uwe Müller: St. Gertrud. Chronicle of a suburban residential and recreation area. Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 1986, ISBN 3-7950-3300-4 ( small booklets on city history 2).
- Antjekathrin Graßmann (Ed.): Lübeck-Lexikon. The Hanseatic city from A to Z. Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 2006, ISBN 3-7950-7777-X .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Abram Enns: Art and Citizenship. The controversial twenties in Lübeck. Weiland, Lübeck 1978, ISBN 3-7672-0571-8 , pp. 46–54 (47f.) The "Nordic Week 1921" and its exhibitions.
Web links
- “End of the century in the world angle: u. a. German-Nordic Trade and Industry Exhibition " - Excerpt from: Thomas Mann : Yearbook, Volume 9 , p. 77 ff. (Published by Verlag Vittorio Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main 1996, ISBN 3-465-02886-4 .)