Dicranales

Dicranales
Common fork-tooth moss ( Dicranum scoparium )
Systematics
Empire : Plants (Plantae) Department : Moss (Bryophyta) Subdivision : Bryophytina Class : Bryopsida Subclass : Dicranidae Order : Dicranales
Scientific name
Dicranales
M. meat.

The dicranales are an order of the moss .

features

The order is very species-rich. Since the species have very different vegetative structures, it is difficult to characterize them. The protonema can be persistent or short-lived, the plants only a few millimeters or even decimeters in size. They are mostly acrocarpic mosses with mainly narrow, lanceolate leaves. The leaves are often drawn out into a long awl-shaped tip with an oval base. The cells of the leaf blade are rectangular or square and only in a few cases papilose . The leaves of all species have a rib.

The sporophytes are built relatively uniformly. The seta is upright. The capsule is hemispherical to cylindrical. Most species have a "dicranoides" peristome consisting of 16 lanceolate teeth that are split at different depths. These are cross-striated on the underside and papilose on the upper side.

distribution

The order is cosmopolitan. Most species live epigeously (on the ground). The epiphytic way of life of some groups is seen as derived.

Systematics and evolution

Dicranal mosses with complicated ribs similar to Campylopus are already known from the Permian . The recent genus Campylopodium is already known from the Upper Cretaceous , the oldest recent species (representatives of Campylopus and Campylopodiella ) from the Tertiary .

The order includes 16 families:

• Amphidiaceae
• Aongstroemiaceae
• Bruchiaceae
• Calymperaceae
• Dicranaceae
• Dicranellaceae
• Ditrichaceae
  • Ceratodon
    • Purple-stalked horn tooth moss ( Ceratodon purpureus )
• Erpodiaceae
• Eustichiaceae
• Fissidentaceae
• Leucobryaceae
  • Campylopus
    • Cactus moss ( Campylopus introflexus )
    • Campylopus pyriformis
  • Dicranodontium
  • Leucobryum
• Oncophoraceae
• Rhachistheciaceae
• Schistostegaceae
• Viridivelleraceae
• Wardiaceae

literature

• Jan-Peter Frahm : Biology of Mosses . Spectrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg et al. 2001, ISBN 3-8274-0164-X .
• Jan-Peter Frahm, Wolfgang Frey : Moosflora (= UTB . 1250). 4th, revised and expanded edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8252-1250-5 .

Web links

Commons : Dicranales  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Wolfgang Frey, Michael Stech, Eberhard Fischer: Bryophytes and Seedless Vascular Plants (= Syllabus of Plant Families. 3). 13th edition. Borntraeger, Berlin et al. 2009, ISBN 978-3-443-01063-8 , pp. 162-176.