Luminous moss
| Luminous moss | ||||||||||||
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Luminous moss ( Schistostega pennata ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the family | ||||||||||||
| Schistostegaceae | ||||||||||||
| Chimp. | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Schistostega | ||||||||||||
| Moor | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Schistostega pennata | ||||||||||||
| ( Hedw. ) Web. & Mohr |
The luminous moss ( Schistostega pennata ) is a 0.5 to 1 cm large acrokarpes (summit fruited) moss . It is placed alone in a family Schistostegaceae within the order Dicranales . It was developed by the members of the Bryological-Lichenological Working Group for Central Europe e. V. (BLAM) voted Moss of the Year 2015.
The moss, which grows in shady locations, got its name because it can reflect light (see below).
description
The plants have a persistent protonema , which contains lenticular or rounded cells, the vacuoles of which focus incident light on the chloroplasts like a converging lens . This is probably an adaptation to very dark locations. However, part of the light is reflected by the curved back wall of the cell and, similar to a cat's eye , thrown back. This makes the mosses appear to glow golden green in certain light conditions. It is therefore a purely physical effect.
The gametophyte itself is different in sterile and fertile plants. The plants are under an inch tall. The lower part of the stems is always without leaves. Above that, the sterile plants are flattened with leaves, i. H. the leaves are arranged in two rows, and the leaf surfaces are all on one level. The leaves flow together slightly at the leaf base. The lanceolate leaves are ribless and the leaf blade cells are rhombic. The plant is overflown bluish green due to a wax layer.
The fertile plants, on the other hand, have five lines of leaves at least at the top of the stem. The leaves are usually a little narrower than the sterile plants.
The capsules stand on an approx. 4 mm long seta and are egg-shaped. There is no peristome .
distribution
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The species is strictly avoiding lime and grows in mostly horizontal, sandy-gritty crevices in silicate rock, especially on slate , sandstone and granite . It can be found at cave entrances, embankments, slope edges, under root plates of fallen trees and less often in animal structures. The growing locations are always in rain-protected areas but in the area of high humidity and are shaded to deeply shaded. The substrate is acidic to strongly acidic and usually sandy or loamy. The species is considered to be able to spread and also colonizes suitable secondary biotopes such as mines, quarries, embankments and, more rarely, building walls.
The species is widespread in the northern hemisphere. Their distribution range extends from North America through Europe to East Asia. In Europe it is found mainly in the western and central parts, but occurs as far as Russia and Japan. She seems to avoid the Mediterranean. In Central Europe it occurs very scattered and is only found more frequently in places. In Germany, the southern and central German mountain and hill country form the main area of distribution, especially the silicate mountains. The species is absent in the north German lowlands, the Bavarian Alps and in all limestone areas. The species is very common on chalk sandstone cliffs , in layer joints and caves in the Elbe Sandstone Mountains and the Zittau Mountains . The Saxon cave cadastre shows these occurrences in detail for the sandstone karst and records at least 125 locations.
swell
- Jan-Peter Frahm : Biology of Mosses. Spectrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg et al. 2001, ISBN 3-8274-0164-X .
- Jan-Peter Frahm, Wolfgang Frey : Moosflora (= UTB . 1250). 3rd, revised edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-8252-1250-5 .
- Wolfgang Frey, Jan-Peter Frahm, Eberhard Fischer, Wolfram Lobin : The moss and fern plants of Europe (= small cryptogam flora. Vol. 4). 6th, completely revised edition. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart et al. 1995, ISBN 3-437-30756-8 .
- Urania plant kingdom. Volume 2: mosses, ferns, naked plants Urania-Verlag, Leipzig et al. 1992, ISBN 3-332-00495-6 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Moos of the year 2015 ( Memento of the original from February 5, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://www.hoehlenforschergruppe-dresden.de/
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