Dienheimer Hof (Deidesheim)

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Dienheimer Hof
View from the northeast of the main building, which is surrounded by a garland of wisteria

View from the northeast of the main building surrounded by a wisteria garland

Data
place Deidesheim
Client Bishops of Speyer , Johann Spindler
Architectural style Main building: classical ; former wine press house: late historical
Construction year Main building: early 19th century on older remains; former wine press house: 1893
Coordinates 49 ° 24 '30 "  N , 8 ° 11' 16"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 24 '30 "  N , 8 ° 11' 16"  E
View from the south

The Dien Hof in the Palatinate town Deidesheim , sometimes Dien Heimer Castle called, had once probably the function of an outer ward of north subsequent Wasserburg . In medieval times it was awarded as a fief to various families Knight, in the second half of the 18th century, it housed the office building of the Office Deidesheim . Today it belongs to the neighboring Deidesheimer Hof , a hotel and event rooms are housed here.

The Dienheimer Hof is classified as a cultural monument according to the monument protection law of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate and, with its eventful history, is one of the most remarkable properties in Deidesheim.

location

The property with the address “Marktplatz 1” is located in the center of Deidesheim in the historic town center of the town. In the north it borders on Burggasse, on the other side of which is the moat of Deidesheim Castle . To the west is the Deidesheimer Hof, with which the main building is structurally connected. In the south the property borders on the market square.

history

Late Middle Ages

The history of the Dienheimer Hof has been proven to go back to the end of the 14th century when Deidesheim was elevated to town status, but probably even further. In 1397 Herbort Eckenbrecht von Dirmstein was awarded a castle loan by the Speyer bishop Raban von Helmstatt . Castle fiefs in Deidesheim included claims to natural produce and a house with a courtyard and garden in the outer bailey, which probably did not mean the castle itself, but the adjoining area of ​​the city. The Junker Eckenbrecht von Dirmstein played a major role in the construction of the Deidesheim parish church and their coat of arms can be found as a keystone in the church. The family owned the property for almost a hundred years until it died out in 1496. In that year, the Speyer bishop Ludwig von Helmstatt gave the vacated fiefdom to the Junker Wolf Brenner von Löwenstein, a son-in-law of the last member of the Herbort Eckenbrecht von Dirmstein family, who already had other property in Deidesheim.

Early modern age

In 1505 the property was described as a house with a courtyard and garden in the outer bailey of Deidesheim. After the estate had been in the possession of the von Löwenstein family after almost 90 years, the Deidesheim bailiff Friedrich von Löwenstein died out in this line; thus the fiefdom was freed again in 1587. The Speyer Bishop Eberhard von Dienheim awarded the fiefdom on August 9, 1588 to his nephews, Hans Friedrich, Hans Eberhard and Hans Philipp von Dienheim, who were still underage at the time. In addition, the bishop bought other goods in Deidesheim and Niederkirchen , in particular the allodial property of the widow von Löwenstein, a born von Dalberg, who was directly attached to the outer bailey. The Dienheimsche Gut thus comprised a total of about 66 ; acres ; However, it was still the smallest of the Deidesheim aristocratic estates at that time. Prince-Bishop Eberhard von Dienheim also had the estate, which had previously consisted of smaller castle-butted buildings, converted into a representative, two-story house with a high double free staircase in the east. The building was destroyed again in the Revolutionary Wars, but the construction plans are still preserved in the Speyer State Archives . Eberhard von Dienheim determined in his will that the house should serve as his residence for his nephew Hans Eberhard von Dienheim (1605–1653), who had meanwhile become an official in Deidesheim. As was often the case at that time, the property gradually passed from a fief to the property of the family.

Soon after, however, the Thirty Years War began . In a letter from that time, which is kept at Vollrads Castle, you can read what a difficult time the Deidesheim bailiff Eberhard von Dienheim and his wife had to go through. Eberhard von Dienheim's wife Elisabeth († 1657) was born von Greiffenclau zu Vollrads, a sister of the Archbishop and Elector of Mainz , Georg Friedrich von Greiffenclau zu Vollrads . The marriage of the two remained childless. The property was bequeathed to a branch of the family, namely the Mayor of Mainz, Guido Anton von Dienheim in Krautheim; However, this also died childless on August 8, 1667. Again, the property fell on two sidelines of the family: On the one hand to the baroness Agnes Apollonia Elisabeth von Neuneck († 1677) from Trier and on the other to the baroness Agnes Felicitas Blarer von Wartensee, one born von Neipperg from Swabia.

There was, however, another line of the family who tried to get possession of the Deidesheim property: Philipp Adam von Dienheim in Dexheim sued the Reich Chamber of Commerce , but lost the trial. The two women consequently owned the property jointly and did not let the property be divided; they installed an administrator who looked after the "Dienheimer Schloss", as it was also called in ancient scriptures. In 1677 one co-heiress, Agnes Apollonia Elisabeth von Neuneck, died and left her property in Glatt to the Trier cathedral monastery. The Trier Elector Johann VIII. Hugo von Orsbeck , at the same time also Bishop of Speyer, wanted to take over the Deidesheim property, but because the property had not yet been divided during his lifetime and a debt was entered on the property, he did not keep it for long . In 1677 the Neuneck part fell to the Arneberger family from Speyer; it had already been pledged to them before. Now the final division of the former Dienheim property had to be carried out; the Deidesheim part fell - not without further disputes - to the barons Blarer von Wartensee. After the War of the Palatinate Succession , during which Deidesheim was burned down and the Dienheim property was also damaged, the Barons Blarer von Wartensee owned the property from 1699 to 1714. They had the building restored and appointed an administrator to manage it. In 1714, they finally sold the property to the Electoral Palatinate government councilor Johann Philipp Morass from Heidelberg . He stayed with his family now and then in his Deidesheim property.

After the death of the government councilor Morass, his heirs sold the property to the Speyer prince-bishop Christoph Franz von Hutten on March 4, 1744 . He had his master builder Johann Georg Stahl convert the property into a representative office building; a small prison was also built here. The new office building was then the seat of the officials Hofrat Georg Adam Karl Walther (1744–1775), Hofrat Friedrich Alth (1775–1779), Peter Anton Hertz (1779–1789), and Hofrat Damian Hugo Stefani (1789–1793). The latter died three days before the French revolutionary troops reached Deidesheim on January 1, 1794. The property suffered severe damage during the Revolutionary Wars , was then in ruins and served the population as a quarry; The old Dienheim coat of arms above the entrance was also destroyed.

After the French Revolution

The gate run is marked with the year 1806

The ruin was declared a national property by the French in 1797 and was auctioned off publicly on December 11, 1803 (20th  Frimaire XII) in Mainz , the capital of the Département du Mont-Tonnerre , to which Deidesheim now belonged, together with the Prince- Bishop Deidesheimer Lock . It was increased by Chrisostomus Siben, Heinrich Görg and Andreas Jordan . The former official building was auctioned off in the Forster Gasthaus "Zur Krone" to the landowner Johann Spindler, who had the house rebuilt with its outside staircase. In 1851, the property was auctioned again when its owner became bankrupt. It was auctioned by Johann Adam Siben, who lived in the house until his death in 1867. Then it was bequeathed to his niece Marie Siben, who was married first to Richard Molitor, then to Friedrich Eisenberger. Then Hedwig Molitor, who was married to Adolf Tiemann, and Maria Eisenberger († 1972) inherited the property. In 1951 it was transferred to the Riedel-de Haën company , which ran a teaching and experimental farm under the name "Weingut Adolf Tiemann" here until 1969; from 1970 it belonged to the Hoechst group. In 1999 it was finally bought by the Hahn family, who ran the neighboring Deidesheimer Hof . It was then expanded into a hotel by 2001.

estate

The Dienheimer Hof used to be a bailey - outside of the inner bailey to the north , but still strongly fortified; During work on the sewer system, meter-thick remains of battlements and watchtowers were discovered on the property. The foundations of the main building probably date from the 14th or 15th century.

Entrance to the courtyard, on the right the former wine press house

In its current form, the building complex is a courtyard property. The courtyard is framed by the two-storey main building, an angular, classicist building with a crooked hip roof , to which a single-storey building adjoins, as well as by former farm buildings . A double staircase leads up to the entrance of the main building in the east. The inner courtyard is accessed through a round arched gate marked with the year 1806. One of the former farm buildings is a late historical former wine press house with the inscription "ERBAUT 1893 / FM EISENBERGER U. MARIE GEB." SIBEN ”carries. Another economic building is marked with the year 1593. In the past, the building of the Deidesheimer Hof belonged to the Dienheimer Hof, because both properties were connected underground by a long ring cellar, which was later simply walled up in accordance with the ownership structure above ground.

literature

  • Arnold Siben : Old Deidesheimer noble houses. The Dienheimer Hof. In: Heimatfreunde Deidesheim und Umgebung e. V. (Ed.): Deidesheimer Heimatblätter. Contributions to the history of the former prince-bishop's office in Speyer and today's Deidesheim association . No. 10 , 1993, p. 7-14 . ( OCLC 180569679 ) This treatise has already appeared in: Die Pfalz - des Deutschen Reiches Westmark. Local supplement of the Palatinate Courier. No. 1, 1935.
  • Theo Becker : The old office building in Deidesheim. Witness to an eventful past . In: Bad Dürkheim district (Hrsg.): Heimatjahrbuch 1986 . Haßloch / Pfalz 1986, p. 31-33 .

Web links

Commons : Marktplatz 1 (Deidesheim)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Becker: p. 32
  2. ^ General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Informational directory of cultural monuments - Bad Dürkheim district. Mainz 2020, p. 22 (PDF; 5.1 MB; see: Marktplatz 1 ).
  3. ↑ a b Georg Peter Karn, Rolf Mertzenich: Bad Dürkheim district. City of Bad Dürkheim, municipality of Haßloch, municipalities of Deidesheim, Lambrecht, Wachenheim (=  cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography of the Federal Republic of Germany . Volume 13.1 ). Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 1995, ISBN 3-88462-119-X , p. 160 .
  4. ↑ a b Siben: p. 7
  5. ^ A b Kurt Andermann : Outlines of a history of Deidesheim during the late Middle Ages and the early modern period . In: Kurt Andermann, Berthold Schnabel (Ed.): Deidesheim - Contributions to the history and culture of a city in the wine country . Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Sigmaringen 1995, ISBN 3-7995-0418-4 , p. 95-96 .
  6. ↑ Berthold Schnabel : The vault keystones of the church. In the parish church of St. Ulrich Deidesheim, Festschrift for the consecration of the altar in 1987, Kath. Pfarramt Deidesheim, 1987, p. 34
  7. ↑ Siben: pp. 7–8
  8. ↑ Siben: p. 9
  9. ↑ Siben: p. 10
  10. ^ Siben: pp. 10-11
  11. ↑ Siben: p. 13
  12. ↑ Siben: pp. 13-14
  13. ↑ Michael Martin: Deidesheim in the time of the French Revolution . In: Kurt Andermann, Berthold Schnabel (Ed.): Deidesheim - Contributions to the history and culture of a city in the wine country . Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Sigmaringen 1995, ISBN 3-7995-0418-4 , p. 200 .
  14. ↑ Siben: p. 14
  15. ↑ Old Deidesheimer Adelshöfe. Remarks. In: Heimatfreunde Deidesheim und Umgebung e. V. (Ed.): Deidesheimer Heimatblätter. Contributions to the history of the former prince-bishop's office in Speyer and today's Deidesheim association . No. 10 , 1993, p. 30 .
  16. ↑ Karl-Heinz Forler: institutions and industry in Deidesheim - then and now . In: Heimatfreunde Deidesheim und Umgebung e. V. (Ed.): Deidesheimer Heimatblätter. Contributions to the history of the former prince-bishop's office in Speyer and today's Deidesheim association . No. 21 , 2011, p. 21 .
  17. ^ History. Deidesheimer Hof, accessed on August 26, 2017 .
  18. ↑ a b Becker: p. 31