Office Deidesheim

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Map of the Speyer Monastery from 1793/94. The Deidesheim office is located in the northwest and is territorially separated from the rest of the Hochstift area.

The Deidesheim office was an administrative unit of the Speyer bishopric with its seat in Deidesheim .

history

The area around Deidesheim finally came into the possession of the Speyer bishops, who had possessions here earlier , through gifts from the Speyer bishop Johannes I. Deidesheim originally meant the neighboring Niederkirchen near Deidesheim ; Its daughter settlement - today's Deidesheim - surpassed the mother community due to its favorable location on a street and the construction of a castle in importance and became the seat of the administration. Presumably, the Deidesheim office was formed as an administrative district around 1300.

The first localities of the office were Deidesheim and Niederkirchen. It increased through the purchases of Forst (1474), as well as parts of Ruppertsberg (before 1430/1474) and Hochdorf (1487). At times Schifferstadt and Waldsee were also part of it; these were later added to the office of Marientraut formed around 1540 . In 1632 the towns of Königsbach and Lindenberg were added to the Deidesheim office after the Knights of Hirschhorn had died out and their fiefs fell back to the Speyer bishopric. Parts of Weidenthal and Gönnheim also belonged to this fiefdom , but the Speyer Monastery was unable to enforce its claims here and handed them over to the Electoral Palatinate in 1709 . According to a Deidesheim local chronicle, Grevenhausen also belonged to the Deidesheim office.

After the prince-bishop August von Limburg-Stirum no longer occupied the office of Marientraut from 1772, its communities also fell under the jurisdiction of the Deidesheim bailiff; these included Schifferstadt, Waldsee, Dudenhofen , Berghausen , Harthausen , Heiligenstein , Diedenhofen, Hanhofen and Geinsheim . The winery (financial administration) of the Marientraut Office remained independent.

On December 28, 1793, Deidesheim's penultimate bailiff, Damian Hugo Stefani, died, and on January 1, 1794, French troops captured Deidesheim in the First Coalition War , which was massively plundered; the office building and the castle were devastated. After the French were pushed back from the Deidesheim office for the time being after May 25, 1794, August von Limburg-Stirum, the Prince-Bishop of Speyer, appointed Johann Anton Guignard as bailiff. Deidesheim changed hands several times, so that a regular administrative operation of the office was hardly possible. Finally the French managed to consolidate their rule on the left side of the Rhine after the imperial troops fell on 29/30. October 1796 had finally withdrawn to the right bank of the Rhine. On January 23, 1798 Deidesheim was raised to the canton capital by François Joseph Rudler , and the last bailiff of Deidesheim, Johann Anton Guignard, was to become a cantonal judge. On March 9th of the same year, however, Dürkheim was declared the capital of the canton because the opinion of the Dürkheimers was better with regard to the new French rulers. With the Treaty of Lunéville (1801), the former areas of the Speyer bishopric on the left bank of the Rhine were finally under French rule, and with the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of February 1803, the Speyer bishopric was dissolved and secularized; The Episcopal Speyer officials were released from their oath by the last Prince-Bishop Philipp Franz Wilderich Nepomuk von Walderdorf .

Official seat

The Dienheimer Hof housed the office building until the end of the Deidesheim office. The building at that time was torn down down to the brickwork during the First Coalition War . It was rebuilt to its present form at the beginning of the 19th century.

The seat of the bailiffs and later the bailiffs was the castle in Deidesheim . In the western part of the castle, the so-called "Viehhof", stood the office building. Like the rest of the city, the castle suffered severe damage in the War of the Palatinate Succession in 1689. There is nothing left of the former office building today. On March 4, 1744, Prince-Bishop of Speyer, Franz Christoph von Hutten zum Stolzenberg, bought the Dienheimer Hof , the former outer bailey , and had a representative office built here; a prison was also housed here. It served as the seat of the bailiffs and the administrative apparatus - except for the official cellar, which remained in the castle - until the French revolutionary troops marched into Deidesheim on January 1, 1794.

Bailiffs

Until the end of the 14th century, the bailiffs carried the title of Faut, Vogt or advocatus ; Below is a list of Deidesheim's bailiffs and bailiffs, as far as they are known:

  • 1347, 1348 Brender (Brendelinus) the Faut
  • 1369 of Breitenstein (Breydenstein) the Vogt
  • 1373–1380 Heinrich Ring von Saulheim, nobleman and bailiff
  • 1380–1382 Heinrich von Herbortsheim, nobleman and faut
  • 1382–1390 Heinrich Ring von Saulheim
  • 1390–1394 Hans von Hirschhorn, bailiff
  • 1394–1397 Wilhelm von Krobsberg (von Altdorf)
  • 1397–1400 Heinrich Brodel (from Altdorf)
Between 1400 and 1520 the Faut von Lauterburg was responsible for all offices on the left bank of the Rhine, including that of Deidesheim. Only in 1478 is there an entry in a deed about an official from Deidesheim: Reithard von Hornberg.
  • 1522–1524 Wolf von Lewenstein, bailiff
  • 1524–1533 Wolf Georg Link von Schwabach
  • 1533–1536 Jakob Burkhardt
  • 1536–1543 Friedrich von Lewenstein (next to him Jakob Burkhardt)
  • 1543–1552 Konrad Jung
  • 1552–1555 Hans von Löwenstein
  • 1555–1562 Konrad Jung
Gravestone of Wilhelm von Löwenstein and his wife next to the Ulrichskirche in Deidesheim
  • 1562–1579 Wilhelm von Löwenstein
  • 1575 Konrad von Hattstein
  • 1580–1581 Hans Friedrich von Dienheim
  • 1581–1584 Peter Nagel von Dirmstein
  • 1584–1594 Konrad von Hattstein
  • 1588 Hans Friedrich von Dienheim
  • 1595–1605 Friedrich von Wolffen
  • 1605–1653 Hans Eberhard von Dienheim
  • 1653–1676 Wolfgang Eberhard I von Dalberg , Privy Councilor , Court Marshal
  • 1677–1680 Friedrich Anton Freiherr von Dalberg, Privy Councilor
  • 1680–1696 Eckenbert Freiherr von Dalberg
During the occupation by French troops in the Palatinate War of Succession , Johann Peter de Weerth was, in the name of the French king, Oberamtmann also in Deidesheim (1689–1697)
  • 1699–1715 Franz Eckenbert II. Baron von Dalberg , Hochfürstl. speyer. Secret advice, also electoral Trier and high prince. Würzburg secret council; later Electorate Mainz Privy Councilor, Vice Cathedral, court judge and court councilor president
From 1715 to 1720 the position of clerk in Deidesheim was vacant; the official cellar Johann Balthasar Henrici took over the representation.
  • 1720–1727 Johann Ludwig Freiherr von Boineburg, Obermarschall, Privy Councilor, Excellency , bailiff
  • 1727–1729 Franz Anselm Freiherr von und zu der Hees, Privy Councilor, Colonel, Chamberlain , Excellency, Magistrate
From 1729 to 1741 the position of bailiff was vacant; the Amtskeller Döring took over the representation.
  • 1741–1775 Georg Adam Karl Walther, bailiff, councilor
  • 1775–1779 Franz Christoph Fidelis Alth, bailiff, councilor
  • 1776–1785 Baron von Pöllnitz, court squire, senior magistrate
  • 1779–1789 Peter Anton Hertz, bailiff
  • 1789–1793 Damian Hugo Stefani, Councilor
  • 1794 Konrad Theodor Hartleben, Councilor
  • 1794–1798 Johann Anton Guignard, bailiff

literature

  • Berthold Schnabel : The territorial development and administrative structure of the Hochstift Speyer . In: Heimatfreunde Deidesheim und Umgebung e. V. (Ed.): Deidesheimer Heimatblätter. Contributions to the history of the former prince-bishop's office in Speyer and today's Deidesheim association . No. 1 , 1978, p. 7-16 .
  • Berthold Schnabel: How did the communities of the former Deidesheim office get to the Speyer Monastery? In: Heimatfreunde Deidesheim und Umgebung e. V. (Ed.): Deidesheimer Heimatblätter. Contributions to the history of the former prince-bishop's office in Speyer and today's Deidesheim association . No. 1 , 1978, p. 17-52 .
  • Arnold Siben : The officials of the former prince-bishop-Speyer office Deidesheim . In: Palatina. Home page of the “Pfälzer Zeitung” and the “Rheinisches Volksblatt” . No. 4 , 1936, pp. 1-2 .
  • Arnold Siben: The finale of the prince-bishop. Speyer district Deidesheim . In: Palatina. Home page of the "Pfälzer Anzeiger" . No. 1 , 1937, p. 2-4 .

Remarks

  1. ^ The bailiffs from Dalberg were also senior bailiffs from Kirrweiler . They mostly lived in the castle in neighboring Ruppertsberg .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Schnabel: How did the churches come…. Pp. 16-17.
  2. ↑ a b c Siben: The officials of the former…. Pp. 1-2.
  3. ↑ Schnabel: The territorial development…. P. 14.
  4. ^ Heinrich Seel: Chronicle of the city of Deidesheim. Reprint of the 1880/81 edition . Ed .: Carmen Kämmerer. MESCOLA Verlag, Deidesheim 2013, ISBN 978-3-9815726-0-5 , pp. 37 .
  5. ↑ Siben: The finale…. Pp. 2-4.
  6. ↑ Jürgen Keddigkeit , Alexander Thon , Karl Scherer, Rolf Übel , Ulrich Burkhart: Palatinate Burgenlexikon . Ed .: Jürgen Keddigkeit. 3. Edition. Volume I: A-E . Institute for Palatinate History and Folklore, Kaiserslautern 2007, ISBN 978-3-927754-61-4 , p. 370-371 .
  7. ^ Arnold Siben: Old Deidesheimer Adelshöfe. The Dienheimer Hof. In: Heimatfreunde Deidesheim und Umgebung e. V. (Ed.): Deidesheimer Heimatblätter. Contributions to the history of the former prince-bishop's office in Speyer and today's Deidesheim association . No. 10 , 1993, p. 13 .