Dominicus Arumaeus

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Dominicus Arumaeus

Dominicus Arumaeus , also Arumäus , actually from Arum , (* 1579 in Leeuwarden (Netherlands), † February 24, 1637 in Jena ) was a German legal scholar and early imperial journalist .

Life

Arumaeus came from a noble Frisian family and latinized the customs of the time according to his name. He studied from 1593 at the University of Franeker , then in Oxford and in 1597 at the University of Rostock . In 1599 he went to the University of Jena as court master of a son of the mayor of Stade . There he received his doctorate on March 31, 1600 and married on the same day. In 1602 he was appointed associate professor, and in 1605 full professor, initially for Roman private law, later for German imperial law. In 1634 he was a full professor at the Jena Faculty of Law. As a university lecturer at Salana, he also participated in the university's organizational tasks. He was dean of the law faculty several times and in the summer semesters 1608, 1618, 1628, 1636 rector of the alma mater .

He is said to have acted as envoy several times in the Weimar civil service . Much more important is his work in the establishment of an independent German constitutional law doctrine, from which the early Reich journalism should emerge and which is why he was sometimes called the "progenitor of the publicists". Of the political ideas discussed in the Holy Roman Empire in the course of the 17th century, a. the doctrine of dual or “double” sovereignty back on him or was first received by him in the German area.

Numerous constitutional lawyers and thinkers who later became famous are his students, including a. Johannes Limnaeus and Bogislaw Philipp von Chemnitz .

Arumaeus married on March 31, 1600 with Anna Pingitzer, the daughter of the lawyer Virgil Pingitzer . Many children result from marriage. Of these, one knows Dorothea Susanna Arumäus, Anna Marie Arumäus, Johann Theodor Arumäus, Domenicus Arumäus, Dorothea Susanne Arumäus, Ernst Friedrich Arumäus, Catharina Justine Arumäus, Friedrich Arumäus and Virgel Arumäus.

Reichsstaatslehre

Dual sovereignty according to Arumaeus
State authority: assigned:
maiestas realis Set of stands
maiestas personalis Emperor

Arumaeus introduced his concept of dual sovereignty in his Discursus academici de iure publico from 1620ff. out. According to him, sovereignty remains with the generality of the empire, represented by the imperial estates , which are therefore subject of the maiestas realis . The maiestas personalis on the other hand - unlike later with Limnaeus - belongs to the emperor alone . Overall, Arumaeus emphasizes the imperial position and dignity, he wants to preserve as much as possible of the old imperial origins and royal rule. Accordingly, he also uses the translatio imperii theory argumentatively. Although the emperor does not have absolute power against the imperial estates, he is rightly a monarch and the empire is therefore also a monarchy .

Works

De mora commentarius methodicus , 1608
  • Tractatus methodicus de mora. Jena 1603, 1608 ( books.google.de ), u. ö.
  • Exercitationes Iustiniani ad Institutiones juris. Jena 1607 ( books.google.de ).
  • Decisionum et Sententiam. Jena 1608 ( books.google.de ), 1612
  • Disputationes ad praecipuas Pandectarum et Codicis leges, consuetudines feudales, quatuor Institionum libros. Jena 1613, 1620, 1628.
  • Discursus academici de iure publico. Jena 1616–1623, 5th vol .; (1st volume books.google.de ).
  • Discursus academici ad Auream Bullam Caroli Quarti Romanorum Imperatoris etc. Jena 1617, 1619, 1663 ( books.google.de ).
  • Commentarius Juridico-historico-politicus de comitiis Romano-Germanici Imperii. Jena 1630, 1660 ( books.google.de ).

literature

  • Horst Denzer: Late Aristotelianism, Natural Law and Imperial Reform: Political Ideas in Germany 1600–1750 . In: Iring Fetscher , Herfried Münkler : Piper's manual of political ideas. Volume 3/5. Piper, Munich 1985, pp. 233-274.
  • Johann Friedrich Jugler : Contributions to the legal biography. Johann Samuel Heinsius, Leipzig 1773, Volume 1, p. 235 ( books.google.de ).
  • Gerd Kleinheyer, Jan Schröder : German lawyers from five centuries . 3. Edition. Heidelberg 1989, pp. 29-31.
  • Johannes van Kuyk: Arumaeus (Dominicus) . In: Petrus Johannes Blok , Philipp Christiaan Molhuysen (Ed.): Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek . Part 3. N. Israel, Amsterdam 1974, Sp. 40–41 (Dutch, knaw.nl / dbnl.org - first edition: AW Sijthoff, Leiden 1914, reprinted unchanged).
  • Theodor MutherArumäus, Dominicus . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, p. 614 f.
  • Mathias Schmoeckel : Dominik Arumaeus and the emergence of public law as a subject in Jena. In: Robert von Friedeburg , Mathias Schmoeckel (Hrsg.): Law, denomination and constitution in the 17th century. West and Central European Developments ( Historical Research. Volume 105). Berlin 2015, p. 86 ff. (With appendix Pascal Förster: Overview of the contributions by Arumaeus, Discursus academici de iure publico , p. 120 ff.).
  • Johann Caspar Zeumer, Christoph Weissenborn: Vitae Professorum Theologiae, Jurisprudentiae, Medicinae et Philosophiae qui in illustri Academia Jenensi, ab ipsius fundatione ad nostra usque tempora vixerunt et adhuc vivunt una cum scriptis a quolibet editis quatuor classibus. Johann Felici Bieleck, Jena 1711, p. 84 (Juristen, books.google.de ).

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