Dulcinesheim

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Dulcinesheim (other spellings: Dulcensheim, Dulcenesheim, Duncinesheim) was the name of a smaller settlement in the immediate vicinity southeast of today's Mainz district of Hechtsheim . The place was first attested in 782 in a medieval document. Dulcinesheim was probably finally given up in the course of the 13th century and its residents moved to Hechtsheim and Bodenheim .

Name and foundation

The ending " -heim " indicates, as in numerous other places in Rheinhessen , a Franconian origin of Dulcinesheim. It can be assumed that the settlement was founded in the course of the Franconian conquest , which took place in the late 5th to 7th centuries. The settlement is likely to have been one of the many scattered settlements in the area in Weilerart . Three of the similar settlements located in close proximity merged in the 6th or 7th century at the latest to form today's Mainz suburb of Hechtsheim. while Dulcinesheim remained independent.

As a result, traces of three Franconian burial grounds can be found in the Hechtsheim district , which can be assigned to these three settlements. The largest burial ground, excavated and researched between 1980 and 1983, is located at today's Franconian level. The Mainz State Archeology under the direction of Dr. Gerd Rupprecht was able to identify and research around 300 graves from the period from 500 to the second half of the 7th century. The cemetery belonging to Dulcinesheim and traces of settlement development have not yet been precisely located.

location

Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner describes the situation as follows in his work Die Wüstungen im Großherzogthum Hessen , published in 1865 : This place was in the district of Hechtsheim, in the valley between Bodenheim and Laubenheim towards Hechtsheim, where one can still find masonry and remains of cellars, that would be on the way from Hechtsheim to Bodenheim, i.e. south-southeast of Hechtsheim. Stauder sees a localization in the southeast of the Hechtsheimer district at today's Dornsheimer Weg as possible.

Mentioned in medieval documents

Dulcinesheim is first mentioned in a document from the year 782, which concerns a donation to the Lorsch Monastery .

In 1139 Dulcinesheim is mentioned in a donation from Archbishop of Mainz Adalbert II of Saarbrücken , who transferred the vineyards located there to the St. Viktor monastery in front of Mainz . In 1144, Archbishop Heinrich I of Mainz speaks in another document of fields and vineyards in Dulcinesheim, the yield of which is to be used for the nightly lighting of the St. Viktors monastery in Mainz.

Dulcinesheim is also mentioned in a note from Eberbach Monastery , dated after 1155. Archbishop Arnold von Selenhofen is said to have stayed at Hofgut Heßloch ( belonging to the Otterberg Abbey Church ) on a hunting trip . Since the local monks could not offer him any wine, he gave them a three- bay vineyard in Dulcinesheim.

In his work on the medieval history of Hechtsheim, Alois Gerlich points out that Dulcinesheim was mentioned in the context of several donations from residents or owners (aristocrats) there to the Lorsch Monastery, while no donations of a comparable kind are documented for Hechtsheim. From this he concludes that in Dulcinesheim in the 8th and 9th centuries there must have been different rulership and legal relationships than in Hechtsheim, which in the early Middle Ages can be regarded as "free of nobility".

Abandonment and desolation

Dulcinesheim apparently remained a small settlement while the neighboring Hechtsheim increased significantly in number and importance in the course of the Middle Ages. In the 13th century at the latest, the residents of the village moved to Bodenheim and Hechtsheim and the district of Dulcinesheim was partially absorbed by the Hechtsheims. After 1300 at the latest, Dulcinesheim was a desert .

literature

  • Alfried Wieczorek : On the topography of the Hechtsheim area in the early Middle Ages. In: Mainzer Zeitschrift 73–74, 1978–1979, pp. 301–309.
  • Karl Viktor Decker : Hechtsheim in prehistory and early history. Association of Hechtsheim Local History, Mainz 1990 (= Hechtsheim Local History , Issue 3)
  • Alois Gerlich : Hechtsheim in the Middle Ages. In: Mainzer Zeitschrift 87/88, 1992/93, pp. 195–208, available online
  • Gudula Zeller: The Franconian cemetery on the Hechtsheimer Frankenhöhe. Association of Hechtsheim Local History, Mainz 2005 (= Hechtsheim Local History , Issue 11)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Based on Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner: The desertions in the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Rheinhessen, Volume 3. Darmstadt 1865, p. 80
  2. ↑ Alois Gerlich: Hechtsheim in the Middle Ages.
  3. ^ Alfried Wieczorek: On the topography of the Hechtsheim district in the early Middle Ages. P. 303
  4. ^ Quoted from Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner: The desertions in the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Rheinhessen, Volume 3, p. 80
  5. ↑ Heiner Stauder: The suburbs on the left bank of the Rhine from the early Middle Ages to the 19th century. S. 583 in: Franz Dumont (Ed.), Ferdinand Scherf , Friedrich Schütz : Mainz - The history of the city . 2nd Edition. Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1999, ISBN 3-8053-2000-0 .
  6. ^ Alfried Wieczorek: On the topography of the Hechtsheim district in the early Middle Ages.
  7. ↑ Gudula Zeller: The Franconian cemetery on the Hechtsheimer Frankenhöhe. Hechtsheimer Ortsgeschichte, Booklet XI (2005), pp. 3–32.
  8. ^ Peter Acht : Mainz document book. Volume 2, 1, p. 8 No. 7.
  9. ^ Peter Acht: Mainz document book. Volume 2, 1, p. 84, No. 44.
  10. ^ Peter Acht: Mainz document book. Volume 2, 1, p. 460 No. 254.
  11. ↑ Alois Gerlich: Hechtsheim in the Middle Ages.