Eduard Schulze

Eduard Schulze (born April 12, 1852 in Reinerz , Glatz district , province of Silesia ; † February 15, 1885 in San Salvador , Angola ), was a German officer and traveler.

Life

Schulze began his career as an officer in the cadet institutions of Wahlstatt and Berlin . At the beginning of the Franco-Prussian War he became a porter ensign in the 2nd Lower Silesian Infantry Regiment No. 47 . On December 19, 1870, he received the Iron Cross and on January 19, 1871, he was wounded in the Battle of Buzenval . On March 29, 1871, Schulze was promoted to second lieutenant. In the following years he was stationed in Neubreisach ( Alsace ) and Strasbourg , from where he was assigned several times to Berlin. During a six-month leave of absence, he undertook extensive journeys that took him to North Africa, Greece, Romania and Turkey in 1880/81. Schulze was appointed Premier Lieutenant and transferred to Lichterfelde in 1883 . This brought him into contact with the African Society in Berlin. This commissioned him in July 1884 to lead an expedition to explore the southern Congo Basin . Other expedition participants were Richard Kund as a topographer, Willy Wolff as a doctor and anthropologist, and Richard Büttner as a botanist. The explorer Hans Tappenbeck joined later . The expedition group traveled from Hamburg via the new German colonies of Togo and Cameroon to the confluence of the Congo . Schulze arrived in Ambrizete on September 26, 1884 and started the expedition in the lower Congo. From Nokki , where navigability ended, he wanted to start inland. At Nokki, Schulze bought a piece of land from local leaders for African society. On December 12, 1884, Schulze had border posts set and hoisted the German flag. The goal of founding a German colony in the Congo, however, ran counter to the negotiations at the Congo Conference , which was meeting at the same time in Berlin. Otto von Bismarck therefore withdrew all support from the company, so that it failed after a short time. Schulze and Büttner traveled on and arrived on December 18, 1884 in San Salvador (today M'banza Congo in Angola). Schulze developed a severe fever there and died on February 15, 1885 of a tropical disease , probably malaria . The next day he was buried in the garden of the British Mission in San Salvador.

memory

The accompanying botanist Richard Büttner named the lettuce species Lactuca schulzeana after Schulze.

literature

Friedrich Ratzel: Schulze, Eduard . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 32, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1891, p. 762 f.
Conrad Weidmann : German men in Africa . Bernhard Nöhring, Lübeck 1894, p. 162. ( online version )

Individual evidence

↑ Alexander Danckelman: African Society and Africa Fund , in: German Colonial Lexicon. Volume I, Leipzig 1920, p. 21 f.
^ ^A ^b Max von Koschitzky: German Colonial History. Volume 2 - Acquisition of the Reich Protected Areas until the Carolinen Dispute was settled, Paul Frohberg's publishing house, Leipzig 1888, p. 323 f. ( online ).
↑ Dr. H. Klee (Ed.): Latest Mittheilungen. IVth year. No. 20. Berlin February 17, 1885.
^ Meyers Konversationslexikon , correspondence sheet for the 1st volume, 4th edition, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig and Vienna, 1885-1892, p. 1023.
^ Political overview map of Africa from March 1885: Nokki is marked in orange as "German property" within the Congo free trade zone.
↑ Paul Güssfeldt (Ed.): Negotiations of the Society for Geography in Berlin. Dietrich Reimer, Berlin 1885, p. 232.
^ Sketch of the area between Vivi and the Kuango, with the routes from Lieut. Schulze and Dr. Wolff.
↑ Paul Güssfeldt (Ed.): Negotiations of the Society for Geography in Berlin. Dietrich Reimer, Berlin 1885, p. 211.
↑ Beatrix Heintze : German explorers in western Central Africa in the 19th century. Working paper No. 40, Institute for Ethnology and African Studies, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 2004, p. 8. ( online version )
^ R. Büttner: Compositae. Lactuca Schulzeana, in: P. Ascherson, E. Koehne, M. Gürke (eds.): Negotiations of the Botanical Association for the Province of Brandenburg. Volume 31, R. Gaertners Verlagbuchhandlung, Berlin 1890, pp. 72–73 .

personal data
SURNAME	Schulze, Eduard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	German Africa traveler
DATE OF BIRTH	April 12, 1852
PLACE OF BIRTH	Reinerz , Province of Silesia
DATE OF DEATH	February 15, 1885
Place of death	near San Salvador , Angola

[1] Alexander Danckelman: African Society and Africa Fund , in: German Colonial Lexicon. Volume I, Leipzig 1920, p. 21 f.

[Koschitzky-2] A ^b Max von Koschitzky: German Colonial History. Volume 2 - Acquisition of the Reich Protected Areas until the Carolinen Dispute was settled, Paul Frohberg's publishing house, Leipzig 1888, p. 323 f. ( online ).

[3] Dr. H. Klee (Ed.): Latest Mittheilungen. IVth year. No. 20. Berlin February 17, 1885.

[4] Meyers Konversationslexikon , correspondence sheet for the 1st volume, 4th edition, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig and Vienna, 1885-1892, p. 1023.

[5] Political overview map of Africa from March 1885: Nokki is marked in orange as "German property" within the Congo free trade zone.

[6] Paul Güssfeldt (Ed.): Negotiations of the Society for Geography in Berlin. Dietrich Reimer, Berlin 1885, p. 232.

[7] Sketch of the area between Vivi and the Kuango, with the routes from Lieut. Schulze and Dr. Wolff.

[8] Paul Güssfeldt (Ed.): Negotiations of the Society for Geography in Berlin. Dietrich Reimer, Berlin 1885, p. 211.

[9] Beatrix Heintze : German explorers in western Central Africa in the 19th century. Working paper No. 40, Institute for Ethnology and African Studies, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 2004, p. 8. ( online version )

[10] R. Büttner: Compositae. Lactuca Schulzeana, in: P. Ascherson, E. Koehne, M. Gürke (eds.): Negotiations of the Botanical Association for the Province of Brandenburg. Volume 31, R. Gaertners Verlagbuchhandlung, Berlin 1890, pp. 72–73 .