Railway settlement
Railway settlements (also railway colonies ) emerged at railway junctions after the establishment of the German Empire . The Deutsche Reichsbahn was still building it in the 1930s . Railway stations , marshalling yards and repair shops created many jobs . The railway settlements offered good living space for workers and employees of the German railways. This is to be distinguished from the railway districts. These are city districts that were mostly built near train stations towards the end of the 19th century , resemble workers' quarters in appearance , but were originally mainly inhabited by railway workers and postal workers, such as Grombühl in Würzburg .
In contrast to railway settlements that were planned on the green field, railway towns represent a further development of already existing, historical or recently founded places.
Origin and development
In its early days, railway operations required a lot of staff who had to be available around the clock. The administrations of railroads acquired for this reason, inexpensive land and constructed residential buildings for their employees and workers and their families.
Often, railway settlements did not arise solely because of the railway connection, but they grew together with historically earlier village and small town centers and soon dominated them in terms of the number of inhabitants, as industry and commerce settled because of the location on the transport network. Other railway settlements have been settled on the outskirts of existing medium-sized and large cities . The entrance to the railroad settlement in Frankfurt-Nied shown here was only a stone's throw away from the workplace. Opposite were the locomotive repair shop and a signaling department. The settlement had an extensive inner courtyard and railway-owned shops. A small garden was allocated to each rented apartment.
Examples
Examples of railway settlements are Hohenbudberg and Cologne-Gremberghoven . The marshalling yard settlement (Nuremberg) and the railroad workers' settlement Wedau are also well-known examples. The development of Greater Berlin and its surroundings can also be understood through the development of the railway settlements. With the Reichsbahndirektion Osten , the Paulinenhof housing estate for 600 families was built in Frankfurt (Oder) in 1923 . At the same time, the royal government building officer Paul Schwanebeck (1854–1908) with government building officer Albert von Maybach and railway master Spolert founded the Friedrichsberg railway settlement in Kiel . It is located on the eastern slope of the Hornheimer Riegel in Gaarden-Süd and Kronsburg . Also known in Bremen - Gröpelingen is the listed Breitenbachhof from 1919.
The best-known example in Austria is Strasshof an der Nordbahn , northeast of Vienna, which was built at the largest shunting yard in Austria-Hungary at the beginning of the 20th century .
literature
- Martin Kießling : Ostmark buildings. Urban development in a medium-sized town. Julius Hoffmann publishing house, Stuttgart 1925 (Paulinenhof railway settlement in Frankfurt / Oder).
Web links
- Paulinenhof (Frankfurt / Oder) - (PDF; 6.9 MB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Apart from a few building files, nothing about the settlement and its association has been preserved in the Kiel City Archives.
- ↑ Ostufer.Net
- ^ Monument database of the LfD