Ferry ship with electric drive
Compared to the umbrella term of an electric boat , a ferry with an electric drive is characterized by the additional feature of transferring at a ferry point, in particular across a body of water that is perceived as separating. The delimitation is not clear, so that several places claim to be the first ferry with an electric drive.
The term can be differentiated from other electric boats with passenger transport, which are used more as excursion or charter ships. A ferry with an electric drive can in principle also be a solar boat and then at the same time a solar ferry , but the solar cells on deck can usually only supply a small part of the electricity required. This is mostly charged in the port from the general power grid.
In addition to the ships mentioned, electric-powered ferries are also those watercraft that are supplied with the necessary propulsion energy via an overhead line or an electric cable.
history
The electric Rhine ferry Godesberg-Niederdollendorf drove on the Rhine from 1908 to 1945 . It could also transport vehicles. Electrically powered excursion boats have been operating on the Königssee since 1909. In Sweden, an electrically operated ferry Hamnfärjan was used between the islands of Marstrandsö and Koön from 1913 . In 1948 it was replaced by the also electrically powered Hamnfärjan II . By 1985, it carried over 8 million passengers.
Between 1911 and 1934 the Thurøfærgen operated between the Danish town of Svendborg on Fyn and the island of Thurø . It was a trolley ferry .
In Strausberg , the Straussee ferry has been transporting passengers across the lake since 1915 . It is one of the overhead line ferries and draws its traction current from an open, single-pole overhead contact line. Other car ferries of this type operate on the Willamette River in the American state of Oregon (since 1939) and on the Neckar (1948-2014).
present
The Strausseefähre has been operated electrically since 1915, with the ferry being supplied with electricity via an overhead line.
The Ruhr Valley ferry uses two electrically operated ships with accumulators as energy storage. The Hardenstein (in operation since 2010) has a drive power of 20 kW. Its predecessor, the small ferry (built in 2006) has a drive power of 2 x 5 kW. It takes on special tasks and is available as a reserve.
In 2014, four electric ferries, known as solar ferries , went into operation in Berlin under the name FährBär with accumulators . These are charged by solar cells and via the power grid.
In 2015, the Ampere, an electrically powered car ferry, followed in Norway . The ship, which is equipped with a battery capacity of 1000 kWh, is 80 meters long and significantly larger than previous electric boats and is only charged via the power grid. It can transport 120 cars and 350 passengers.
In Sweden, the Gerd of the Färjerederiet tobacco shop operates the Kornhallsleden , the ferry connection between Brunstorpsnäs and Kornhall on the Nordre älv in Bohuslän . Power is supplied by cable.
In 2018, the Tycho Brahe and Aurora af Helsingborg , which operate between Helsingborg in Sweden and Helsingör in Denmark , were converted to battery-electric operation. Batteries with a capacity of 4160 kWh are installed. Approx. 1175 kWh are required for a crossing. The batteries are charged after each pass using an automatic robot crane; this takes about 5 to 9 minutes. Since the diesel engines remained on board, diesel-electric operation or hybrid operation is still possible.
In August 2019 the Ellen , allegedly the largest fully electric ferry, started its ferry service between the southern Danish ports of Fynshav ( Als ) and Søby ( Ærø ). It has a 4.3 MWh battery and can carry 196 passengers and 31 cars. The accumulators are automatically charged while the boat is in port in Søby. The ferry consumes around 1,650 kWh per round trip. In the medium term, the ship's electricity needs are to be met entirely from renewable energy sources , so that the ferry can be operated in a CO 2 -neutral manner. The ship is powered by two electric motors, each with an output of 750 kW, which act on two fixed propellers via reversing gears . It is equipped with a bow thruster driven by an electric motor with an output of 250 kW .
Web links
- Henning Sietz: Zero emissions, zero, simply nothing , Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , February 7, 2014
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hamnfärjan I (1913) and Hamnfärjan II (1948). In: Ship & Offshore. Issue 8/2017, DVV Media Group, Hamburg 2017, ISSN 2191-0057 , p. 13.
- ↑ ruhrtal ferry (as of December 2015)
- ↑ Peter Neumann: Solar ferries in Berlin are unique in the world , Berliner Zeitung , March 31, 2014.
- ^ Car ferry with an electric motor , Die Welt , January 11, 2013, accessed on March 5, 2013.
- ^ First car ferry with purely electric propulsion , Research & Development, Siemens, accessed on March 5, 2013.
- ↑ Electrically powered car ferry in operation from 2015 , feelGreen.de, January 16, 2013, accessed on March 5, 2013.
- ↑ World's first battery-driven car ferry , Ship of the Year, accessed September 15, 2014.
- ↑ Electric ferry awarded ( Memento of the original from September 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Daily port report of September 12, 2014, accessed on September 15, 2014.
- ↑ HH Ferries inaugurates electric ferries / renamed ForSea . In: electrive.net , November 12, 2018. Retrieved December 23, 2018.
- ↑ Denmark: World's largest electric ferry goes into operation . In: euractiv.de , August 20, 2019. Accessed August 27, 2019.
