Elisabeth Hunaeus
Elisabeth Hunaeus (born September 24, 1893 in Saarbrücken , † June 5, 1973 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen ) was a German youth leader , educator and school founder.
Live and act
Edith Maria Agnes Elisabeth was the eldest of two children of the officer Wilhelm Hunaeus and his wife Marie Hunaeus (née Rohrmann). Due to the professional career of the father, the family moved frequently. After her training as a kindergarten teacher at the "Evangelical Fröbelseminar" in Kassel and as a youth leader at the "Pestalozzi-Froebel House II" in Berlin, Elisabeth Hunaeus headed the state-recognized kindergarten seminar of the National Women's Service in Poznan in 1918/1919, and the kindergarten teachers' seminar from 1919 to 1921 in Quedlinburg and in 1924 the Elisabeth-Anstalt for the education of neglected girls in Mühlhausen . Then she became the educational leader of the action city children in the country in the children's colony set up by the state insurance institute in Bad Gottleuba .
Elisabeth Hunaeus founded a comprehensive training center for women in Hellerau near Dresden in 1926 , which she called the Seminar for Women’s Education . This included a kindergarten and after-school care school, a nanny seminar, a boarding school for the seminarians and a small children's home with 15 places. The pupils of the socio-educational schools “received an education that provided for the promotion of the creative-artistic as well as the practical-handicraft. The compulsory scientific lessons were not left out. Likewise, emphasis was placed on making life rhythmic by emphasizing festivals, games and dancing ”. On the occasion of the 10th anniversary of her seminar, Hunaeus summed up the training in a lecture:
- "The Montessori method works too much with mathematical forms which, as finished and rigid, cannot serve the beings of small children. In Friedrich Froebel's building blocks, folding and construction games, too, abstract forms predominate. In contrast, we refer to other important information from Friedrich Froebel's pedagogy in our work. These are my suggestions for music care, speech formation, movement games and gymnastics with small children; education in plant and animal care and diverse activities of the child's play and craft instinct ... The actual artistic education then serves in particular the lessons in drawing, handicraft and gardening, gymnastics, folk dance and amateur play. We have given the last-named subjects in our timetable from the start considerably more hours than was usual at other kindergarten teacher seminars, because those who want to have a formative effect on other people , in which the creative F skills are developed "
In the late summer of 1933, the educational institution moved to Boxdorf near Dresden. As a supporter of anthroposophy , the headmistress did not shy away from “the risk of enabling politically or racially discriminated pupils to attend her school”. Thus, the educational institution was exposed to repression by the Nazis, whereupon Hunaeus moved her seminar to a "quieter place" in 1938, to Kempfenhausen on Lake Starnberg . But there, too, Elisabeth Hunaeus was “increasingly shadowed by leading people from the NSDAP, the NS administration and his repressive apparatus ... The headmistress alone was extremely suspicious of the headmistress for the teachings of Rudolf Steiner, even though she was a member of the Nazi women's group and letters signed with 'Heil Hitler' ”.
Elisabeth Hunaeus were "movement games and folk dances, the harmony of music, song and movement, in short, rhythmic education, at least as important for the training of kindergarten teachers as the theoretical-scientific subjects" (Hunaeus 2017, p. 2001). The rhythmic-musical performances she designed, whether in Hellerau, Boxdorf or Kempfenhausen, enjoyed great popularity far beyond the boundaries of the seminar. For example, "O Mensch gib Acht!", Which arose from music and folk dance work at the "Seminar for Women's Education" in Kempfenhausen, was premiered in 1942 and also played several times in Munich in the Goethesaal of the Christian community.
Elisabeth Hunaeus handed the seminar over in 1967 to the Bavarian State School Homes Association , which continued the educational facility under the name Landschulheim Kempfenhausen as a social science high school for girls and a technical school for social education ; For a few years there was also a secondary school and a technical college for girls. 1973 was College of Social the Academy for Social restructured. Due to a lack of demand for apprenticeships, the specialist academy ceased operations in 1989.
Elisabeth Hunaeus, who spent the last months of her life in a retirement home in Garmisch, died in 1973 at the age of 80. Her grave is in the Aufkirchen cemetery .
After Elisabeth Hunaeus' death
On the occasion of 50 years of the specialist academy for social education in 1988, the school founder was honored in word and in writing. A plaque in memory of Elisabeth Hunaeus was attached to the side of the main entrance to the "Landschulheim Kempfenhausen". On the evening of November 13, 2017, the book presentation "Elisabeth Hunaeus. A life for education and training of young women" took place in the auditorium of the country school home.
Works
- O man take care! An edifying calendar game in songs, dances, etc. Removals, along with introductions, etc. Stands, for 1 dance group, speaker, mixed and male choir, solo voice and small orchestra; according to Josef Weinhaber's calendar book "O man, pay attention!" and some additional thoughts from Max F. Bevern; Game idea by Elisabeth Hunaeus; Plant 19, Cologne
literature
- Hans-Joachim Hunaeus: Elisabeth Hunaeus . A life dedicated to education and training for young women. Apelles Verlag, Starnberg 2017, ISBN 978-3-946375-02-9 (336 pages).
- Manfred Berger: From the child detention center candidate to the educator. A contribution to the history of teacher training in Bavaria - shown using the example of selected training centers in the past and present . Cuvillier, Göttingen 2017, ISBN 978-3-7369-9666-3 , p. 61-64 (116 pp.).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kamp, Martin: Children's Republics. (PDF; 7.34 MB) 2006, p. 374 , accessed on October 24, 2017 .
- ↑ Fasshauer, Michael: The phenomenon Hellerau . The history of the garden city. Hellerau-Verlag, Dresden 1997, ISBN 3-910184-25-1 , p. 239 .
- ↑ cit. n. Hunaeus 2017, p. 66 ff.
- ↑ Working group of the Bavarian specialist academies for social education: Chronicle: Kindergarten teacher seminars, technical schools and specialist academies for social education in Bavaria . Bode, Munich 1986, p. 49 .
- ↑ Berger 2017, p. 62
- ↑ Berger, Manfred : The former and current training centers for toddler teachers, kindergarten teachers, after-school care workers ... and educators in Bavaria. (PDF; 1.6 MB) Textor, Martin R., p. 25 , accessed on October 24, 2017 .
- ↑ Elisabeth Hunaeus. Stadtwiki Dresden, accessed on September 8, 2015 .
- ↑ https://cuvillier.de/de/shop/people/54268-manfred-berger
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Hunaeus, Elisabeth |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Hunäus, Elisabeth |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German youth leader, educator and school founder |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 24, 1893 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Saarbrücken |
| DATE OF DEATH | 5th June 1973 |
| Place of death | Garmisch-Partenkirchen |