Elsbeth Krukenberg-Conze

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Elsbeth Constanze Marie Louise Sophie Krukenberg-Conze (born February 5, 1867 in Halle , † August 16, 1954 in Calw ) was a German writer and suffragette.

Life

Elsbeth Conze was born as the daughter of the archaeologist Alexander Conze and his wife Elise, née Erdmann. She married the gynecologist Georg Krukenberg and had three sons with him, including Gustav Krukenberg , SS brigade leader and major general of the Waffen SS in World War II.

Krukenberg-Conze was the director of her husband's private clinic; after he died, she lived with her partner, the headmistress Lina Hilger (1874–1942), until their death in a " Boston marriage " in Bad Kreuznach . Krukenberg had already been emotionally close in 1911 in the discussion about § 175 highlighted positively when two women live together.

She was originally active as a social democrat in the women's movement . Krukenberg was temporarily editor of the moderate feminist half-yearly journal Der Frauenanwalt , founded in 1886 by Louise Otto-Peters and Auguste Schmidt , which advocated changing working conditions for women. In her commitment to the women's movement, in contrast to male critics such as Ernst Graf zu Reventlow , she emphasized the, in her opinion, distinctly national form of German feminism : this was the primary goal of the women's movement, the German people with all "to serve" their powers. Therefore, the German men should stop forming their opinion about the women's movement on the basis of high-flying press reports or single quotations from individual radical feminists. To Reventlow was from 1908 to 1914 editor-in-chief of the Alldeutsche Blätter .

On the occasion of the 700th birthday of her namesake Elisabeth von Thuringia , she gave an "astonishingly self-confident speech" at the anniversary event of the Evangelical Union in 1907 , in which she did not stylize the saint as an icon of women's emancipation, but clearly differentiated herself from that of "humility and dependence coined Vita Elisabeth ”. Krukenberg did not see her ideal of a "German Evangelical woman" realized in the Evangelical Church, which had indeed broken the "will of priests" but was still dominated by men. In 1912 she was chairman of the local Dürerbund in Bad Kreuznach and a member of the funding committee, but not a member of the entire board.

In 1926 she joined the Quakers . Due to her now national-conservative political attitude, she got into political isolation there and after 1930 hardly appeared actively as a Quaker, although she formally remained a member until the end of her life. When she heard Adolf Hitler speak in the Sportpalast in 1932 , she became a staunch supporter of National Socialism and from then on always voted for the National Socialist German Workers' Party .

plant

  • The women's movement, its goals and its meaning. Mohr Verlag, Tübingen 1905 ( digitized and full text in the German text archive )
  • Educating the child to be healthy and happy to work. Union Verlag, Stuttgart / Berlin / Leipzig 1915
  • The Red Cross collection point in the Mainzerstrassen school building in Kreuznach. Reminder sheets. Harrach, Bad Kreuznach 1917.
  • Of longing and wealth. From the life of Hertha Wieser. Amelang, Leipzig 1920.
  • Between young and old. From the life of Luise König and her sons. Bott, Berlin 1938.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Goethert :  Conze, Alexander. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1957, ISBN 3-428-00184-2 , p. 348 ( digitized version ).
  2. ↑ To: Boston Marriage: Lillian Fadermann: More delicious than the love of men. Romantic friendship and love between women from the Renaissance to today. Zurich 1990, p. 205.
  3. ↑ On the specifically American version: Lillian Fadermann: Odd Girls and Twilight Lovers: A History of Lesbian Life in Twentieth-Century America. Columbia University Press 1991.
  4. ↑ Bärbel Kuhn: Marital status single: celibate women and men in the middle class (1850-1914). Böhlau Verlag , Cologne 2002, pp. 87f.
  5. ↑ Mecki Pieper: The women's movement and its significance for lesbian women (1850-1920). In: Eldorado. Homosexual women and men in Berlin 1850–1950. History, everyday life and culture. Published by the Berlin Museum, Berlin 1984, pp. 116–124.
  6. ↑ Elsbeth Krukenberg: § 175. In: Monthly magazine for criminal psychology and criminal law reform 7, Heidelberg 1911, p. 612.
  7. ↑ See Tracie Matysik: Reforming the Moral Subject: Ethics and Sexuality in Central Europe, 1890–1930. Cornell University Press, Ithaca 2008, p. 167.
  8. ^ Katharina Rowold: The Educated Woman: Minds, Bodies, and Women's Higher Education in Britain, Germany, and Spain, 1865–1914. Routledge, Abingdon 2010, p. 143.
  9. ↑ Reception also at: Daniela Danna: Amiche, compagne, amanti. Storia dell'amore tra donne. Editrice UNI Service, 2003, p. 348.
  10. ↑ Elsbeth Krukenberg-Conze: Women's emancipation. In: Bonner Zeitung . June 19, 1912.
  11. ^ Diane J. Guido: The German League for the Prevention of Women's Emancipation: Antifeminism in Germany, 1912-1920. Peter Lang Verlag, New York a. a. 2010, p. 47.
  12. ↑ Jacqueline Friedmann: 280 years of women's magazine in Germany - development and market analysis of consumer magazines with a female target group. GRIN, Münster 2006, p. 12f.
  13. ^ Ernst zu Reventlow : The women's movement - national decomposition. In: Alldeutsche Blätter, vol. 19, vol. 1909, pp. 333–335.
  14. ^ Elsbeth Krukenberg: The women's movement - national strengthening. In: Alldeutsche Blätter, vol. 19, 1909, p. 361f.
  15. ↑ See Peter Walkenhorst: Nation - Volk - Rasse. Radical nationalism in the German Empire 1890–1914 Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2007, p. 134ff.
  16. ↑ Stefan Laube : Confessional Breaches in the National Hero Gallery - Protestant, Catholic and Jewish Memorial Communities in the German Empire (1871-1918). In: Heinz-Gerhard Haupt , Dieter Langewiesche (ed.): Nation and religion in German history. Campus, Frankfurt am Main u. a. 2001, pp. 293-332, here: p. 326.
  17. ↑ Elsbeth Krukenberg-Conze: Saint Elisabeth on the Wartburg and in Hesse and the ideal of the German-Evangelical woman. Lecture given at the 20th General Assembly of the Evangelical Union in Worms on September 30, 1907, Leipzig 1907.
  18. ↑ Gudrun M. König: Consumer culture. Staged world of goods around 1900. Böhlau Verlag, Vienna a. a. 2007, p. 73.
  19. ↑ Cf. Claus Bernet: "Saying yes to Judaism". The Quakers and their behavior towards the Jews in Germany 1933–1945. In: Daniel Heinz : Free Churches and Jews in the “Third Reich”: Instrumentalized history of salvation, anti-Semitic prejudices and suppressed guilt. V&R unipress GmbH, pp. 35-63, here pp. 44f.
  20. ↑ On the active role of Krukenberg in the ADGB under changing alliances against and with the NSDAP: Karla O. Poewe : New Religions And The Nazis. Routledge, Abingdon 2006, p. 99.
personal data
SURNAME Krukenberg-Conze, Elsbeth
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Krukenberg, Elsbeth; Krukenberg, Elisabeth
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer and women's rights activist
DATE OF BIRTH February 5, 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH August 16, 1954
Place of death Calw