Emil Nacke

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Emil Hermann Nacke (* 29. October 1843 in Großwiederitzsch ; † the thirtieth May 1933 in Kötzschenbroda ) was a German mechanical engineering - engineering , business owners and winery owner . With the Coswiga, he was the first automobile manufacturer in Saxony.

Emil Nacke behind the wheel of a Coswiga, 1910
Emil Nacke behind the wheel of a Coswiga, around 1903. Passengers: Pastor Schüttoff and family from Constappel near Gauernitz

Live and act

Nacke was born in 1843 as the eldest son of a royal Saxon tax overseer. After attending secondary school in Leipzig, he studied mechanical engineering at the Dresden Polytechnic until 1869 . Nacke made his first experience as an engineer in a machine and locomotive factory. After several trips abroad, he worked in the Magdeburg Gruson factory . As a designer, he designed a torsion-free mount . Furthermore, he designed and built a straw material factory for the Thode'sche paper factory in Hainsberg . Around 1884 Nacke founded the Tännicht straw material factory, which then became part of the United Strohstoff-Fabriken in 1885 . With a partner he ran a paper machine factory in Dresden and in 1891 he set up shop in Kötitz (later part of Coswig ) with the "Maschinenfabrik E. Nacke" for the manufacture of machines for the paper industry. There he began with the production of piston and centrifugal pumps , condensation water separators and systems for pulp production . In 1895, 35 workers were employed and the factory was expanded piece by piece, so that by 1905 about 80 workers were managing the production.

The car production

Nude's great interest was in the automotive industry , which was just developing . He brought back a two-seater from the French brand Panhard & Levassor from his visit to the Paris Motor Show . An automobile construction department was then set up in the machine factory, and the first Saxon passenger car was completed in 1900. Nacke named his first automobiles "Coswiga" after the place of production. Production in 1901 consisted of four different types of cars, and in the 1910 brochure the range already included seven different types of cars.

In 1902 Nacke invented the principle of the inner shoe brake .

From 1929 onwards, the global economic crisis and outdated production methods made themselves felt in the company, which then had 250 employees, and in 1930 commercial vehicle production had to be discontinued.

After that, Nackes sister Clara and her son Reinhold Toller continued to run the machine factory. In 1945 the company was placed under trust and almost completely dismantled. When it was taken over into public ownership in 1948, the company Maschinenfabrik E. Nacke in the commercial register .

From the long production period, the chassis of a 4.5-ton truck with worm wheel drive built in 1927 in the Dresden Transport Museum is the only known vehicle from the E. Nacke automobile factory, Coswig i. S. , which is still preserved.

Social deeds

In 1897 Nacke acquired the Johannisberg winery in Naundorf , where he lived until the end of his life. This winery or the vineyard is the namesake for the Saxon wine-growing location Radebeuler Johannisberg . Nacke was also a successful winemaker. In the Kötzschenbrodaer General-Anzeiger of September 3, 1903, the phylloxera control commission confirmed : “... this beautifully laid out vineyard with a lot of donations deserves the highest recognition and the vines are characterized by extremely lush, vigorous growth. … “The Johannisberg was one of the few vineyards in the Lößnitz that was spared phylloxera .

Nacke was a socially committed person; This is shown by the company apartments in Kötitz, today Coswig , which were built in 1904 and which generally included a small garden, as well as the United Strohstoff-Fabriken Coswig settlement built by Nacke in the early 1910s in neighboring Naundorf . He donated to the local school and parish. Every year before Easter and Christmas there were special allowances for his workers and their children as well as for long years of service. The traditional salutation “Father Nacke” speaks for itself.

Nacke died on his winery and was buried in the Constappel cemetery. His sister was buried in the Naundorf-Zitzschewig cemetery, the grave has since been closed.

Patents

Nacke received a number of patents in various fields:

  • DRP 39 534 from 1886: Paper pulp Dutch with vertical or inclined shaft
  • DRP 69 077 from 1892: Paper stock refiner with horizontal shaft and vertical stones
  • DRP 86 659 from 1895: Gas machine with extra compression space and heated connection duct
  • DRP 129 115 from 1901
  • DRP 129 663 from 1901: Drive for motor vehicles
  • DRP 152 330 from 1903: Drive for motor vehicles
  • DRP 143 154 from 1902: Internal shoe brake
  • DRP 146 283 from 1903: friction clutch
  • DRP 189 744 from 1906: friction clutch

See also

literature

Web links

Wikisource: Guide through Coswig, Kötitz, Neu-Coswig and the surrounding area  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Emil Hermann Nacke - Saxony's first automobile manufacturer
  2. ^ A b Frieder Schmidt:  Nacke, Emil. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-428-00199-0 , p. 686 f. ( Digitized version ).
  3. ^ Joachim Breuninger, Katja Margarethe Mieth; Saxon State Office for Museums (Hrsg.): Dresden Transport Museum . Dresden. Experience the mobile world (=  Saxon museums . Volume 22 ). Janos Stekovics, 2012, ISBN 978-3-89923-302-5 , pp. 171 .
  4. ↑ In the footsteps of Emil Hermann Nacke. (four-part article in the Coswiger Stadtanzeiger) ( Memento from October 22, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
  5. ^ Nackes original patent
personal data
SURNAME Neck, Emil
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Nacke, Emil Hermann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German mechanical engineer, entrepreneur in the automotive industry and winery owner
DATE OF BIRTH October 29, 1843
PLACE OF BIRTH Großwiederitzsch near Leipzig
DATE OF DEATH May 30, 1933
Place of death Kötzschenbroda