Johannisberg (Radebeul)

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Johannisberg is a former vineyard property with a manor house, outbuildings and a vineyard of the same name in the Radebeul district of Naundorf , the manor house at Obere Johannisbergstrasse 15/17 (until 2012: Mittlere Bergstrasse  8). It was renamed around 1863 in reference to an important vineyard in the Rheingau .

Johannisberg manor house, on the right in the background the Johannisberg vineyard

The property is located in the conservation area Historic vineyard landscape Radebeul . The Johannisberg vineyard today gives its name to the 31-hectare Radebeuler Johannisberg vineyard in the Lößnitz area . The vineyards above the Mittlere Bergstrasse belong to the Lößnitz landscape protection area , in contrast to the former park garden below.

description

Johannisberg property with the outbuildings, after the renovation in 2008

At the corner of Johannisbergstrasse and Mittlere Bergstrasse there is a group of former viticultural residential and farm buildings, recently renovated and supplemented by modern building parts. The manor house ( Johannisberg Castle ), which is now a listed building , is right on the corner, with the outbuilding behind it.

Mansion

The mansion is a two-story, simple plastered building over an angular floor plan. It has a high basement above a large, barrel-shaped wine cellar. On top there is a tiled gable roof. Towards Mittlere Bergstrasse there is a little roof house with twin windows and triangular gable; the same can be seen on Johannisbergstrasse. A balcony hangs below this on the facade , underneath is the main entrance, an older portal in the shape of a basket arch with a mighty keystone and a straight roof.

Outbuildings

In the inner courtyard, facing away from the street, is the two-storey, also listed annex building ( Obere Johannisbergstrasse 17 ). The former coach house with a coachman's apartment, probably a Ziller building, has a three-storey side elevation and is plastered. The windows are framed by walls made of sandstone. The flat gable roof that sits on top cantilevers over the top.

  • Johannisberg: outbuilding

  • Johannisberg: entrance door, today below street level

  • Johannisberg: finish in the former garden

history

Johannisberg with ancillary buildings (right, 1912), left the Johanneskapelle (below), above the Wettinshöhe
Johannisberg manor house, in the south in front of it the park (in Nackes times before 1910)

The vineyard known today as Johannisberg was in 1408 part of Knolln , which was documented at the time ; Hence the name of the nearby Knollenweg, in which the oenologist Carl Pfeiffer cultivated the Wächterberg vineyard. The Johannisberg itself is located between Kroatengrund and Mittlerer Bergstrasse, it is not terraced. In the middle of the vineyard, probably in the 17th century, the chestnut island was built, an 8-by-8-meter artificial plateau.

From the 18th century onwards, the winery combined several existing vineyards on both sides of Johannisbergstraße; it was called Zum Knolln until the middle of the 19th century . At the beginning of the 18th century, one of its owners was the Dresden Hofböttchermeister Jacob Krause, who later owned the house flywheel and the Jacobstein .

In the second half of the 18th century, the lawyer Carl Ernst Cladny had the manor house with a deep wine cellar and the winegrower's house opposite in Kottenleite 2 built. In 1808 a lime deposit was discovered on the site and mined in the following years. This calcareous soil above the syenite gives the wine a good mineral base. At the beginning of the 19th century the property belonged to the historian and art collector August Josef Ludwig von Wackerbarth .

In 1863 the Estonian merchant Ottokar J. Martiesen (Matthiesen) bought the winery, named it Johannisberg and in 1864 had the manor house rebuilt to its present form and the park laid out. Thereafter the manor house was also called Johannisberg Castle . The Johannisberg was one of the vineyards in the Lößnitz that was spared the phylloxera disaster at the end of the 19th century, probably because of its limestone soil .

In 1897 the Johannisberg winery was acquired by the first automobile manufacturer in Saxony, Emil Nacke , who lived there until the end of his life. Nacke was also a successful winemaker. Nacke grew Pinot Noir , Portugieser , Silvaner and for the first time in the Lößnitz Saar-Riesling . In the Kötzschenbrodaer General-Anzeiger of September 3, 1903, the phylloxera control commission confirmed : “... this beautifully laid out vineyard with a lot of donations deserves the highest recognition and the vines are characterized by extremely lush, vigorous growth. ... "

The Schüßler bust in Bad Zwischenahn

After Nacke's death in 1933, the property went to Gerhard Madaus and the Radebeul pharmaceutical company Madaus , who built the western extension to the building there in 1940, which was used as an alternative laboratory and warehouse. The Schüßler memorial , inaugurated in 1932 on the grounds of the headquarters of the Madaus factory on Radebeuler Gartenstrasse on the occasion of the Federal Congress of the Biochemical Union of Germany , was later re -erected in the Johannisberg park below the manor house. After the expropriation in 1945, the Schüßler bust was sunk in the pond of what was then Madaus Park. In 2007 it was rediscovered and excavated. Since the current heir of the estate from the Madaus family bequeathed the monument to the Biochemical Association of Germany, the latter placed it in front of Schüßler's birthplace in Bad Zwischenahn .

During the GDR era, these additions were used by the Dresden Medicines Plant, which was founded among others from Madaus, for the breeding of laboratory animals. Around a hundred years later , the Society for Sport and Technology operated a shooting range in the park below the manor house, which was laid out in 1864 .

From 1990 the manor house and the outbuildings fell into disrepair, from the mid-2000s the buildings were renovated for use as a residential complex and supplemented by a modern extension. Further house units, some of which were built into the slope, were added by 2008.

The Johannisberg vineyard is now managed by the nearby Schloss Wackerbarth state winery .

Chestnut Island

In the middle of the Johannisberg , the chestnut island , also known as the mountain altar or mountain pulpit , was built and planted with chestnuts , probably in the 17th century at the time when vineyard walls were built “in the Württemberg style” within the Lößnitz . It is an 8 meter by 8 meter plateau, presumably as a viewing terrace and resting place to be able to celebrate and dine romantically in the great outdoors between the vines. Similar mountain altars were also erected in the Kynast and Zechstein at that time, and in the case of the Johannisberg they were planted with chestnuts. The name altar is probably derived from Altan , an open platform resting on walls.

Before the First World War, the chestnut island was provided with a railing and equipped with tables and benches made of sandstone. Due to the preferred location and the unobstructed view, it was a popular excursion destination. Emil Nacke, as the owner of the Johannisberg , introduced mountain singing there, a traditional event that was regularly celebrated in spring until around 1955.

literature

Web links

Commons : Johannisberg  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Volker Helas (arrangement): City of Radebeul . Ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony, Large District Town Radebeul (=  Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany . Monuments in Saxony ). SAX-Verlag, Beucha 2007, ISBN 978-3-86729-004-3 , p. 217 as well as enclosed map .
  2. ^ Large district town of Radebeul (ed.): Directory of the cultural monuments of the town of Radebeul . Radebeul May 24, 2012, p. 30 (Last list of monuments published by the city of Radebeul. The Lower Monument Protection Authority, which has been located in the Meißen district since 2012, has not yet published a list of monuments for Radebeul.).
  3. ^ A b Matthias Donath, Jörg Blobelt (photos): Sächsisches Weinland . Historic wineries and vineyard houses in the Elbe Valley. 1st edition. Redaktions- und Verlagsgesellschaft Elbland, Dresden 2010, p. 124-126 .
  4. ↑ a b Petra Hamann: In the footsteps of Emil Hermann Nacke. Part 2: Searching for traces in Radebeul-Naundorf ( memento from January 10, 2016 in the web archive archive.today ), publication of the city archive in: Coswiger Anzeiger , November 20, 2003.
  5. ↑ Peter Redlich: The Schüßler memorial is lost to Radebeul . In: Sächsische Zeitung , May 11, 2010.
  6. ↑ Dietrich Lohse: Stumbled over the mountain altar…. In: Preview and Review . Issue 3, 2003, ZDB -ID 1192547-4

Coordinates: 51 ° 6 ′ 57.5 "  N , 13 ° 36 ′ 51.2"  E