Emmanuil Iossifowitsch Raschba

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Emmanuil Iosifovich Rashba ( Russian Эммануил Иосифович Рашба , Ukrainian Еммануїл Йосипович Рашба / Emmanujil Jossypowytsch Rashba ; * the 30th October 1927 in Kiev ) is a Ukrainian state physicist and university teacher .

Life

Rashba was born into a Jewish family. His father was a prominent criminal lawyer and his mother an English teacher. The family survived the German-Soviet War by fleeing to Kazan . There Raschba began studying physics at the University of Kazan . After his return to Kiev, he completed his studies at the University of Kiev with AS Davydov and SI Pekar in 1949. He then worked as an engineer and teacher, where he had to change jobs five times because of Stalin's policy of repression.

In 1954 Rashba became a research assistant in the semiconductor department of the Physics Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (AN-USSR) . In 1956 he became after his postgraduate at Antonina Fedorovna Prichotko with his work on the theory of exciton - phonon interaction for PhD doctorate. In 1960 he became head of the theory department in the newly founded semiconductor institute of the AN-USSR (later WE Laschkarev Institute for Semiconductor Physics). In 1964 he started his work on spin-orbit coupling in semiconductors and exciton spectroscopy on molecular crystals (in collaboration with Wladimir Broude ) from the Joffe Institute for Physics and Technology of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (AN-USSR) in Leningrad the doctor of physical and mathematical sciences PhD.

In 1966 Raschba became head of the theory department of the Semiconductor Branch of the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics of the AN-USSR in Chernogolowka near Moscow . In addition, he began teaching in 1967 as a professor at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MFTI) (until 1991). He retired in 1992 but remained a senior scientist until 1997.

Rashba became internationally known for his contributions to solid state physics and spintronics as well as for the Rashba effect named after him . He predicted the electric dipole spin resonance (EDSR) , the giant oscillator strength of impurity excitons, and the coexistence of free and bound excitons.

In 1991 Raschba went to the USA and worked at the University of Utah from 1992–2000 , at the University at Buffalo from 2001–2004 and at Harvard University from 2004–2015 . He was also at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology from 2000–2004 , as Adjunct Professor 2000–2003 at Dartmouth College and as Rutherford Professor from 2007–2010 at Loughborough University in the United Kingdom . During this time he mainly dealt with spintronics and the physics of nanosystems .

Raschba was co-editor of JETP Letters and the Journal of Luminescence for 15 years .

Honors, memberships

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Corydon Ireland: Pioneer in spintronics celebrates birthday (accessed May 18, 2016).
  2. ↑ VE Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine: Emmanuil Iosifovich Rashba (Russian retrieved on May 18, 2016).
  3. ↑ Russian-Jewish Encyclopedia: Raschba, Emmanuil Iossifowitsch (Russian, accessed on May 18, 2016).
  4. ↑ EI Rashba: Looking back. Journal of Superconductivity 16, pp. 599-623 (2003).
  5. ↑ Prof Emmanuel I Rashba, Visiting Professor ( Memento of July 17, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (accessed on May 18, 2016).

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Raschba, Emmanuil Iossifowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Завадский, Эдвальд Абрамович (Russian); Rashba, Emmanuel Iosifovich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ukrainian solid state physicist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH October 30, 1927
PLACE OF BIRTH Kiev