Engelhardia

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Engelhardia
Engelhardia spicata, illustration

Engelhardia spicata , illustration

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Rosids
Eurosiden I
Order : Beech-like (Fagales)
Family : Walnut family (Juglandaceae)
Genre : Engelhardia
Scientific name
Engelhardia
Lesch. ex flower

Engelhardia is a genus of deciduous or evergreen trees from the walnut family(Juglandaceae). It occurs in East and Southeast Asia.

features

The representatives are deciduous, rarely evergreen trees. The pith of the branches is firm. The buds are bare. The leaves have no stipules and are opposite. They are pinnate in pairs with 2 to 14 leaflets. The underside of the leaf is dotted with glands, the leaf margin is serrated or whole.

The trees are monocial or diocesan . The inflorescences are laterally or terminally on this year's or previous year's shoots. male and female ears are in androgynous clusters or separately. The male year old kittens hang individually or in groups. The female ear is multi-flowered, erect or bent downwards when the fruit is ripe. Pollination takes place by the wind ( anemophilia ).

The male flowers have a three-lobed bract , two (rarely missing) bracts , 1 to 4 sepals and 3 to 15 stamens . The anthers are bald or hairy. The female flowers have an enlarged, three-lobed bract. The two fused bracts can be reduced to a narrow ring, or form a conspicuous front cover sheet that is fused with the base of the ovary . The flower has four sepals that grow together at the ovary and are free at the top. The stylus is elongated. The scar is bilobed with two or four ends or short and four-lobed.

The fruit stand is elongated and drooping. The fruit is a three-winged nut with four, less often two, compartments at the base of the fruit.

The germination takes place epigeal. The first leaves of the seedling are simple or compound. The knot of the cotyledons has a lacuna and two leaf tracks.

The number of chromosomes as with all representatives of the subfamily Engelhardioideae 2n = 32nd

etymology

The botanist Jean Baptiste Leschenault de la Tour (1773-1826) named the genus in honor of the governor of Northeast Java, Nicolaus Engelhard (1761-1831). However, the valid publication of the name was made by Carl Ludwig Blume . The genus name is often incorrectly spelled as " Engelhardtia " to this day , as this spelling was used in 1829 and the genus was also included in the Kewensis index in this spelling .

Systematics

Engelhardia only forms a natural family group if the species Engelhardia roxburghiana , which is usually included in the genus, is separated as a separate genus Alfaropsis roxburghiana :




Alfaropsis


   

Klade with Alfaroa + Oreomunnea



   

Engelhardia



The genus consists of four to six species. The Southeast Asian species in particular have not been well researched. According to Manning 1978 and Lu et al. In 1999 the following species are (without Engelhardia roxburghiana ):

supporting documents

  • Anmin Lu, Donald E. Stone & LJ Grauke: Juglandaceae , in: Flora of China , Volume 4, 1999, pp. 277-285. Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. (pdf, 153 kB)
  • Wayne E. Manning: The Classification within the Juglandaceae . Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, Vol. 65, 1978, pp. 1058-1087.
  • Paul S. Manos, Donald E. Stone: Evolution, Phylogeny, and Systematics of the Juglandaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, Volume 88, 2001, pp. 231-269.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Carolus Ludovicus Blume: Flora Javae nec non Insularum adjacentium . J. Frank, Bruxellis, Volume 2, Fam. VII Juglandeae, p. 8
  2. ↑ Paul S. Manos, Pamela S. Soltis, Douglas E. Soltis, Steven R. Manchester, Sang-Hun Oh, Charles D. Bell, David L. Dilcher, Donald E. Stone: Phylogeny of Extant and Fossil Juglandaceae Inferred from the Integration of Molecular and Morphological Data Sets . Systematic Biology, Volume 56, 2007, pp. 412-430, doi : 10.1080 / 10635150701408523

Web links

Commons : Engelhardia  - collection of images, videos and audio files