Old Ennsburg
| Old Ennsburg | ||
|---|---|---|
 Alte Ennsburg (June 2018) |
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| Alternative name (s): | Anesapurch | |
| Creation time : | First castle around 1000, new building after 1483 | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall (viewing terrace) | |
| Standing position : | princely castle | |
| Place: | Enns | |
| Geographical location | 48 ° 13 '1.6 " N , 14 ° 29' 2.9" E | |
| Height: | 265 m | |
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The Alte Ennsburg was located in the town of Enns in the Linz-Land district of Upper Austria , on the Georgenberg , on the northeastern edge of what is now the castle park of Schloss Ennsegg . The tower hill on which the Ennsburg was located was sometimes referred to as the "romantic lookout hill", but it is the rest of the old castle complex. Today it has been redesigned into a lookout point, which is bordered by a steep drop to the Enns .
history
Below the Ennsberg was the Roman city of Lauriacum, founded around 205 (the city charter was granted by Caracalla in 212 ). The predecessor of a defensive system was a Celtic hilltop settlement on the Ennsberg; in Roman times there was a temple district here on the hilltop. After the fall of the Roman city, a people's castle was built on the Georgenberg to protect against the Magyars and Avars . Presumably the royal delegates met here as early as 791 (on the "Wartberg").
This fortification was called “Anesapurch” in 901. The later castle on the Georgenberg developed from this first Ennsburg. In 976 this was given to the Passau bishopric. Bishop Adalbert ceded this fortress in 977 to Duke Heinrich von Baiern , the brother of Emperor Otto I. It was therefore a castle of the Carolingian Palatinate. Then she came to the Styrian Ottokare . During the Middle Ages, this building was the residence of rulers and sovereigns who used the castle as a place to stay when they passed through Enns, and it served as the official residence of the castle bailiffs of the Enns rule. It rose in the course of the circular walls surrounding the city to the northeast.
A succession contract (the Georgenberger Handfeste ) between Otakar IV. Von Steyr ( Styria , Duke since 1180), who had no male heirs, and the Babenberg duke Leopold V of Austria was issued in the castle . According to this treaty, after the death of Ottokar, Styria was to come to the Babenbergs and so the castle came from the last of the Ottokars to Duke Leopold V in 1186 or 1192 (at that time Styria). The last male Babenberger was Friedrich the arguable , the one without male successor was. After his death, the castle and the rule came to Ottokar II Přemysl in 1254 . In the Peace of Oven (1254), in addition to the County of Pitten, Traungau and with it the city of Enns were separated from Styria and incorporated into the Duchy of Austria ; this is the beginning of the formation of the independent states of Upper and Lower Austria.
The Habsburgs, rulers of the country from 1278, pledged the castle to Heinrich von Wallsee in 1309 , but redeemed it in 1345. From this possession the Enns line of the Wallseer arose. In 1356 Eberhard I. von Kapellen , the captain of Enns, was the pledge. After this family died out, Hanns Ponhalm and then his son Clemens were royal caretakers. Again the castle was pledged to Archbishop Johann von Gran in 1477 .
This prince's castle was already so dilapidated at the end of the 15th century that it was no longer renewed, but that the Neue Ennsburg was built in the south of the old town in 1475 as the mansion . The remaining building remains, a two-story arcade courtyard, the stair tower and a connecting wing to the city wall were integrated into Ennsegg Castle, which was built between 1565 and 1570 , but are no longer preserved today. The ruins of the old castle and the late Gothic St. George's Church were used for the extraction of building materials, in the Thirty Years War as a jump, and the remains then as a viewing platform.
literature
- Georg Clam Martinic: Castles and palaces in Austria. Landesverlag im Veritas Verlag, Linz 1991, ISBN 3-85001-679-1 , p. 224.
- Norbert Grabherr : Castles and palaces in Upper Austria. A guide for castle hikers and friends of home . 3. Edition. Oberösterreichischer Landesverlag, Linz 1976, ISBN 3-85214-157-5 , p. 161 f .
- Georg Grüll : Castles and palaces in Upper Austria, Volume 2: Innviertel and Alpine foothills . Birken-Verlag, Vienna 1964.
- Oskar Hille: Castles and palaces in Upper Austria then and now . Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Sons, Horn 1975, ISBN 3-85028-023-3 , p. 52-53 .
- Eduard Straßmayr: Ennsegg Castle. In: Yearbook of the Upper Austrian Museum Association. 102nd year, Linz 1957, pp. 137–144 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
Web links
- Ennsburg . DORIS: architectural monuments .
Individual evidence
- ^ Christian K. Steingruber: A critical consideration of the historical-topographical manual by Norbert Grabherr . Upper Austrian Provincial Archives , Linz.
- ↑ The Traditions of the Hochstift Freising No. 142.
- ↑ Codex Diplomaticus Hungariae Ecclesiasticus Ac Civillis