Erer (patrician)

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The Erer (also Ayrer , Eyerer and Aigerer ) were an important patrician family from Heilbronn , where they can be traced from the early 14th to the late 16th century. The family came from the lower nobility , lived on their possessions and carried the imperial fief of the city of Heilbronn for several generations . The Erer were particularly important in the 15th and 16th centuries, when they provided several mayors in Heilbronn, Speyer and Wimpfen over several generations . A branch of the family also owned Sanzenbach Castle from 1558 . In the 17th century the traces of the family are lost.

history

The Erer are one of the oldest patrician families in Heilbronn. It is not known where the family originated. In any case, she came from the lower nobility and was related by marriage to a number of lower aristocratic families in the area, and there were family ties to families in other imperial cities . The family had been wealthy in Heilbronn since it was first mentioned and did not appear there as a merchant family, but lived on the income from their possessions. When these were no longer sufficient, members of the family entered the service of princes. Several sons and daughters also came to monasteries to care for.

The first known bearer of the name is the Heilbronn mayor Konrad Aigerer († 1336) mentioned in 1310 . He owned the tithe in Deitingen and was buried in Heilbronn's Kilian Church, where his tomb was still around 1600. His coat of arms adorned the triumphal arch of the church in addition to the Heilbronn city coat of arms . His sons Konrad, Engelmar and Hannes pledged the Deitinger tithe to a citizen of Neudenau after the death of their father , the resulting validity later came to the Amorbach monastery .

After Heilbronn became an imperial town in 1371, a Hans Erer was named in 1378, a Konrad (Kunz) Erer in 1383 and a Heinrich Erer in 1387. Kunz, named in 1383, could have left Heilbronn at that time and became the progenitor of the Nuremberg patrician family Ayrer, which died out in 1719 and which can be traced back to 1389, even though they also had a different coat of arms.

Hans Erer the Elder († 1428) mentioned in 1378 was probably a grandson of the mayor Konrad. In 1385 Hans von King Wenzel accepted the imperial fiefdom of Heilbronn in Würzburg , from the time of the war among the cities he belonged to numerous diplomatic embassies and was mayor of Heilbronn several times until 1399. Hans Erer greatly increased the family's possessions and influence. His sons Hans and Konrad († around 1467) largely sold the land, including the village of Böllingen , where the Erersberg still reminds of the family today , and concentrated on urban property. Hans Erer moved to Wimpfen , where his descendants held offices in pen and council. His brother Konrad moved to Speyer and was mayor there, but maintained the connection to Heilbronn. Konrad's sons Engel and Kaspar also became mayors in Speyer.

Grave monument of the Erer family from the Heilbronn Carmelite monastery

Konrad's son Hans Erer the Younger († 1480) returned to Heilbronn by 1434 at the latest and became mayor there. In 1456 he accepted the imperial fiefs and various offices from Emperor Friedrich I, and in 1473 from Emperor Fredrich also the bailiffs over Heilbronn and Wimpfen. He represented the imperial city of Heilbronn on numerous diplomatic missions and is probably the founder of the grave monument of the Erer family from the Heilbronn Carmelite monastery in Heilbronn , where the family had a funeral. His sons Johann Erer († 1503) and Conrad Erer († 1539) were mayors in Heilbronn, were confirmed in their rights by the respective emperors in their time and represented the city on diplomatic missions.

Conrad's eldest son was the lawyer Philipp Erer († 1556), who was in the service of different gentlemen from 1520, among other things he held the office of the Stuttgart bailiff from 1532 to 1534, 1537/38 he was chancellor of the Speyer bishop and 1539 chancellor in Ellwangen , later he was Hohenlohe and Imperial Councilor. His brother Hans († 1545) was a council member in Heilbronn and was the last family member to be enfeoffed with the Heilbronn Reichslehen.

Her brother Konrad († around 1565) moved to Künzelsau and owned half of the Bodenhof near Buchenbach and other farms in the area. His son Ludwig Kasimir lived in the Bodenhof temporarily, but then sold the property. It is not known where he and his son Friedrich Kasimir, who in 1636 still acknowledged an inheritance and is thus the last documented descendant, settled.

Another son of Heilbronn mayor Conrad Erer († 1539) was Melchior Erer († 1584), who from 1546 belonged to the Heilbronn council and court. In the 1550s, however, he became Vogt in Besigheim , before he acquired Sanzenbach Castle in 1558 and gave up Heilbronn citizenship. When the castle burned down in 1584, he is said to have died of shock. His son Johann Melchior Erer († 1591) also had his seat at Sanzenbach Castle. He and his brothers have no known descendants, but it is said that there was still an Erer von Sanzenbach family in Crailsheim in the early 18th century , which can only come from the descendants of this branch of the family.

The youngest son of Mayor Conrad Erer († 1539) was Christof Erer († 1579), who in 1548 bought a house on Heilbronn's market square from his nephews and held high council positions. Until he left the city because of an epidemic in 1564, he was the last member of the family on the Heilbronn council. Three of his sons died while doing military service. The only son Johann Volprecht left Heilbronn in 1588 and finally sold the Heilbronn property until 1594. He settled down as an Electoral Palatinate servant in the vicinity of Heidelberg, but then appears to be impoverished. The last news about him is the approval of a begging letter by the city of Heilbronn in 1614.

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the Erer shows half a black bear in a white shield. Such a coat of arms (with later changed colors) was on the triumphal arch of Heilbronn's Kilian Church and probably originated from mayor Konrad Aigener († 1336). In 1383 Kunz Erer sealed it with the same coat of arms. It also appears on the Erer grave monument, which is now kept in the House of City History in Heilbronn.

Lineage

The oldest known ancestor is Konrad Aigener, who died in 1336 and who had three sons.

  • Konrad Aigener († 1336), mayor in Heilbronn
    • Konrad (ext. 1336)
    • Engelmar (adult 1336)
    • Hannes (adult 1336)

From 1336 to 1378 there is no mention of the family. From 1378 onwards, Hans Erer the Elder , Kunz Erer and Heinrich Erer were named in quick succession , whose relationship to the aforementioned and to each other is unclear.

  • Hans d. Ä. (adult 1378)
  • Konrad (Kunz) (ext. 1383), after 1383 no longer in Heilbronn, possibly. Ancestor of a Nuremberg patrician family
  • Heinrich († 1387), monk in the Dominican monastery in Wimpfen

Hans Erer, mentioned in 1378, is the progenitor of the family in Heilbronn and its branches in Speyer, Wimpfen, Bodenhofen, Sanzenbach and other places.

  • Hans d. Ä. († 1428), Mayor of Heilbronn, oo (1) N. Lemlin, (2) Barbara Lütfried
    • Konrad († around 1467), Mayor of Speyer, oo gap from Rinkenberg
      • Hans d. J. († 1480), Mayor of Heilbronn, oo Barbara Mettelbach
        • Johann († 1503), Mayor of Heilbronn, oo Margaretha Schultheiß
        • Conrad († 1539), Mayor of Heilbronn, oo (1) Ursula Nagel, (2) NN
          • Philipp († 1556), lawyer, oo (1) Agnes N., (2) Katharina Egen
          • Hans († 1545), council member in Heilbronn oo Benigna Nenninger
            • Johann († 1547 as a child)
            • Ludwig († 1554), cleric
            • Benigna († 1547 as a child)
            • Agathe oo Daniel Botzheim
          • Kaspar († before 1540), cleric
          • Konrad († around 1565) oo Agathe von Stetten (Bodenhofen branch)
            • Ludwig Kasimir oo Maria von dem Werder
              • Friedrich Kasimir (adult 1636, last known descendant)
            • Hans Philipp
            • Justina oo David Psolimar
            • Apollonia oo Johann Christof Mosung from Schaftolsheim
            • Helena († before 1637), 1612 court master in Durlach oo Karl Ryß von Sulzbach
          • Engelhard († 1548)
          • Melchior († 1584), council member in Heilbronn, later Mr. auf Sanzenbach, oo Christina Nenninger (Sanzenbach branch)
            • Hans Melchior (1550–1598), head hunter from Löwenstein, oo Ursula Büschler
            • Christof Rudolf, oo (1) Ester Wernitzer, (2) Katharina Susanne Rieter
            • Eberhard, Vogt in Welzheim, oo Dorothea von Gnotstatt
            • Agnes oo Johann Schiel
            • Elisabeth oo (1) Georg Christof vom Holtz, (2) Franz von Eltershofen
          • Christof († 1579), mayor in Heilbronn, oo Katharina von Frauenberg
            • Johann Christof († 1592), warrior
            • Konrad († 1581 in Spain), warrior
            • Melchior Ludwig († young)
            • Johann († 1581 in Spain), warrior
            • Johann Volprecht († after 1614) oo Anna von Rüdesheim
            • Magdalena oo Michael Bechstein
            • Marina oo Volmar von Remchingen
            • Margareta oo Philipp Gans zu Otzberg
            • Theodora oo Wilhelm Truchseß von Höfingen
          • Ursula oo wicker frog
          • Barbara, nun in the Rechentshofen monastery
          • Anna, nun in the Lichtenstern Monastery
          • Katharina oo Eberhard von Böckingen
        • Elisabeth († 1505) oo Heinrich von Liebenstein, Württ. Vogt in Zabergäu
        • Barbara oo (1) Reinhard von Sachsenheim, (2) Reinhard von Neuhausen, (3) Wolf von Tachenhausen
        • Agnes, nun in Lichtenstern
      • Balthasar († 1489), 1440 cleric in Heidelberg, later Vice Dean in Speyer
      • Engel, mayor of Speyer in 1462 and 1465
      • Kaspar († 1483), 1468 Mayor of Speyer, oo Eva Scheubel
    • Hans († around 1475), mayor in Heilbronn, later in Wimpfen, oo (1) Agnes Mangolt, (2) Endlin N. (Wimpfen branch)
      • Hans, priest in Wimpfen
      • Ludwig († 1536), councilor in Wimpfen, oo (1) N. Sailer, (2) Ameley von Helmstatt

literature

  • Moriz von Rauch : The Erer in Heilbronn . In: Bl. Historischer Verein Heilbronn 1925, 13 ff.
  • Albrecht Schäfer: The Heilbronn patriciate at the time of the family rule until 1371 . In: Heilbronn Historical Association. 21st publication , Heilbronn 1954.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Doris Wolfangel: Dr. Melchior Ayrer (1520-1579). Medical dissertation Würzburg 1957, p. 4 f. and 7.