Erika Cremer
Erika Cremer (born May 20, 1900 in Munich , † September 21, 1996 in Innsbruck ) was a German physical chemist .
Life
The daughter of the physiology professor Max Cremer , sister of the mathematician Hubert Cremer and the acoustician Lothar Cremer , studied chemistry, physics and mathematics in Berlin. For the time being, as a girl, she was only allowed to attend a college for young women who are continuing their education in natural sciences and technology instead of high school.
Scientific career
She received her doctorate in 1927 from Max Bodenstein with a dissertation on the chlorine detonating gas reaction ( on the reaction between chlorine, hydrogen and oxygen in light ).
Her time in Otto Hahn's working group during the discovery of nuclear fission is historically interesting . Erika Cremer has summarized her memories as a contemporary witness also during the war in an essay on the history of the unleashing of nuclear energy in the Österreichische Chemiker-Zeitung in 1989.
Her appointment as a woman at the Institute for Physical Chemistry in Innsbruck in 1940 was exceptional for this time. For most of her professional life, she has suffered in the academic world from the fact that she was a woman. Despite excellent achievements (over 200 publications), it took a long time compared to the career of male colleagues before she rose from university lecturer to associate professor and then to a chair. She was only offered the position of dean of the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Innsbruck shortly before her retirement at the age of 70.
In 1989 she was awarded the Tyrolean State Prize for Science .
In 2009 the University of Innsbruck started the Erika Cremer habilitation program. In memory of the great researcher who, despite her outstanding scientific achievements, only became a full Univ.-Prof. for physical chemistry and was appointed director of the Physico-Chemical Institute, the Leopold-Franzens-University Innsbruck wants to promote scientific careers for women.
In 1944 she developed the basics of adsorption gas chromatography . The intended publication was lost on the way to the publisher in the confusion of the end of the war. Together with her PhD student Fritz Prior , she developed the method further after the war.
literature
- Gerhard Oberkofler: Erika Cremer (1900–1996). A life for chemistry. Published by the Central Physics Library in Vienna. StudienVerlag Innsbruck-Vienna-Bozen 1998.
- Brigitte Bischof: Cremer, Erika. In: Brigitta Keintzel, Ilse Korotin (ed.): Scientists in and from Austria. Life - work - work. Böhlau, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2002, ISBN 3-205-99467-1 , pp. 121–124.
- Gerhard Oberkofler: A globally recognized work . In: Berlin monthly magazine ( Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein ) . Issue 11, 2000, ISSN 0944-5560 , p. 63-67 ( luise-berlin.de ).
Web links
- Literature by and about Erika Cremer in the catalog of the German National Library
- Klaus Beneke: Erika Cremer . (PDF; 1.7 MB) In: Mitteilungen der Kolloid-Gesellschaft , 1999, pp. 311–334 (biography)
- Gerhard Oberkofler: In memorian Erika Cremer (PDF; 1.6 MB)
- Entry about Erika Cremer in the database of the Wilhelm Exner Medal Foundation .
Individual evidence
- ^ Entry on Erika Cremer in the Austria Forum (biography) accessed on December 15, 2011.
- ^ Dissertation in the catalog of the German National Library
- ↑ Tyrolean State Prize for Science - Prize Winners 1984 to 2014 ( Memento of the original from October 13, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved October 14, 2015.
- ^ University of Innsbruck: Erika Cremer habilitation program .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Cremer, Erika |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German physicist, professor of physical chemistry |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 20, 1900 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Munich |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 21, 1996 |
| Place of death | innsbruck |