Max Bodenstein

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Max Bodenstein

Max Ernst August Bodenstein (born July 15, 1871 in Magdeburg , † September 3, 1942 in Berlin ) was a German physical chemist .

Life

Max Bodenstein was born on July 15, 1871, the eldest son of the Magdeburg businessman and owner of the Bodenstein brewery , Franz Bodenstein (1834–1885), and his first wife Elise Meissner (1846–1876) in Magdeburg.

Bodenstein studied from 1889 in Wiesbaden with Carl Remigius Fresenius and at the University of Heidelberg , where in 1893 he studied with Victor Meyer with the topic: Decomposition of hydrogen iodide in the heat to become a Dr. phil. nat. received his doctorate. After studying organic chemistry with Karl Liebermann at the Technical University of Berlin-Charlottenburg and physical chemistry with Walther Nernst at the University of Göttingen , he completed his habilitation in 1899 at the University of Heidelberg on the subject of gas reactions in chemical kinetics .

In 1896 he married Marie Nebel (1862–1944), daughter of the lawyer Friedrich Nebel and Maria Busch, in Heidelberg. The marriage resulted in two daughters: Hilde (* 1897) and Elsbeth (* 1901), later married Michaelis.

In 1900 Bodenstein went to the physicochemical institute of Wilhelm Ostwald at the University of Leipzig , where he became adjunct professor in 1904, before he finally became associate professor at the University of Berlin and head of department at the physicochemical institute of Walther Nernst in 1906 . In 1908 he accepted the offer to become full professor at the TH Hannover and director of the electrochemical institute. In 1923 he returned to Berlin and succeeded Walther Nernst at the Physicochemical Institute. Hermann Braune succeeded him in the Electrochemical Institute in Hanover in 1924.

Max Bodenstein was an employee of the German Atomic Weight Commission, co-editor of the journal for physical chemistry and a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen and the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , from 1925 a full member of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences and since 1933 a member of the German Academy of Sciences Naturalist Leopoldina . For his many years of service, when he retired in 1936, Bodenstein received the August Wilhelm von Hofmann commemorative coin from the German Chemical Society . In addition, he was awarded a Dr. sc. hc from Princeton University and Dr. Ing e. H. appointed.

tomb
Nernst / Bodenstein memorial plaque

The grave of Max Bodenstein is in the Protestant churchyard Nikolassee in field E. A memorial plaque on the building of the former Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut in Bunsenstrasse in Berlin-Mitte reminds of the work of Max Bodenstein and Walther Nernst in this house. Bodenstein retired in 1936.

Services

Bodenstein is considered to be the founder of chemical kinetics . Particularly intense he explored the reaction mechanism of chlorine and hydrogen - reaction . With this research he contributed to the understanding of light-induced chemical chain reactions and thus made a contribution to photochemistry .

The Bodenstein principle of quasi-stationarity is named after him : It is assumed for successive reactions that a reactive intermediate is present in a quasi-constant (quasi-stationary) concentration:

A → B → C

[B] = ~ const. or d [B] / dt = ~ 0

Reactive intermediates can e.g. B. be: radicals , carbenium ions , molecules in the excited state etc.

Victor Henri wrote in 1902: “M. Bodenstein, to whom I owe a lot of valuable advice ”, especially regarding the kinetic description of the enzyme invertase . In this way, Bodenstein contributed to early research in enzyme kinetics . According to Henri and a later article by Bodenstein himself, he proposed the enzyme kinetic equation v = VS / (mS + nP) around 1901/02. Henri corrected this to v = VS / (1 + mS + nP) (both written in modern notation; S: substrate concentration, P: product concentration).

See also

Works

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Life data, publications and academic family tree of Max Ernst August Bodenstein at academictree.org, accessed on January 7, 2018.
  2. ^ Bodenstein, M., Dux, W. (1913) Photochemical kinetics of the chlorine detonating gas. Z. Phys. Chemistry 85, 297-328.
  3. ↑ Bodenstein, M. (1913) A theory of photochemical reaction rates, Z. Phys. Chem. 85, 390-421.
  4. ^ Henri, V. (1902) Théorie générale de l'action de quelques diastases, CR Hebd. Seances Acad. Sci. 135, 916-919.
  5. ↑ Bodenstein, M. (1909) Reaction Rate and Catalysis in 1908, Z. Elektrochem. 15, 329-397.

Web links

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personal data
SURNAME Bodenstein, Max
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bodenstein, Max Ernst August (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physical chemist, discoverer of Bodenstein's quasi-stationarity principle
DATE OF BIRTH July 15, 1871
PLACE OF BIRTH Magdeburg
DATE OF DEATH September 3, 1942
Place of death Berlin