Ernst Braun (doctor)

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Ernst Braun , full name Ernst Carl Friedrich August Braun (born January 9, 1893 on the Mohrin manor ; † May 10, 1963 in Karlstadt ) was a German neurologist , psychiatrist and university professor .

Life

Ernst Braun was the son of the farmer and chief magistrate Emil Braun and his wife Rosemarie, nee Schimpke. After completing his school years with the Abitur in Freienwalde ( Posen ) in 1911 , he completed a medical degree at the universities of Lausanne , Freiburg , Munich , Kiel and Greifswald . At the beginning of the First World War he interrupted his studies and worked as a volunteer field doctor in an artillery regiment from 1914 to 1918. After the war, he continued his studies in the summer semester 1919 in Rostock continue his doctorate there in 1920 to Dr. med. and finally got the license to practice medicine . He then worked at the Pathological Institute of the University of Rostock and the Landsberg / Warthe City Hospital. From 1921 he worked as an assistant doctor at the Rostock University Neurological Clinic and from 1924 at the Munich University Neurological Clinic. Two years after his 1924 completed training as a specialist in psychiatry and neurology, he became a senior physician at the University Psychiatric Clinic Freiburg and 1928 in itself function at the University Psychiatric Clinic in Kiel, where he was in the same year of psychiatry and neurology habilitated employed and then as a lecturer was. In November 1930 he married the doctor's daughter Veronica Berterl (* 1904 in Riga ), the couple had one child. From 1934 to 1936 he taught as a non-official associate professor for psychiatry and neurology at the University of Kiel and carried out hereditary research in Schleswig-Holstein financed by the Reich Research Council. He was then a substitute for a year and then from August 1937 to January 1946 as a full professor of psychiatry and neurology at the University of Rostock. From 1944 to 1945 he was the dean of the medical faculty. From 1936 he was initially acting director of the Rostock-Gehlsheim sanatorium and officially held this office from 1937 to the end of 1945. In addition, he headed the polyclinic for the mentally and mentally ill. The University of Rostock had a psychiatric clinic attached, but it was not until 1946 that it received the status of a university psychiatric clinic, something that Braun criticized while he was working in Rostock. When he took office, Braun criticized the in every respect desolate conditions within the clinic.

Soon after the handover of power to the National Socialists, Braun had joined the SA in 1934, in which he achieved the rank of medical troop leader. He was also a member of the Nazi Medical Association . At the beginning of May 1937 he was accepted into the NSDAP ( membership number 4,202,058). After the beginning of the Second World War he was drafted into the Wehrmacht and deployed in the Rostock medical team. He headed the reserve hospital IV Gehlsheim and from May 1943 also the auxiliary hospital Dargun . In October 1943 he was made indispensable. In January 1944 he was awarded the War Merit Cross, Second Class Without Swords. At the end of the war, he worked as a doctor from October 1944 to April 1945, most recently with the rank of medical officer, with the Volkssturm .

After the war he was briefly interned in the Soviet Union . He was then dismissed from the professorship and later practiced as a resident doctor in Rostock.

Under the charge of having participated in Nazi euthanasia crimes, Braun was taken into custody in 1950 and, after a trial by the Schwerin Regional Court, acquitted of the charge of "involvement in humanity crimes". A knowingly or active participation of Braun in the T4 campaign has not yet been finally clarified, but there have been transfers from the Rostock mental hospital to other facilities. Until the end of the T4 campaign, however, a transport with 30 patients from Rostock went directly to a killing center. The forced sterilizations carried out under his responsibility in accordance with the law for the prevention of genetically ill offspring in the clinic he directed were not the subject of the proceedings.

Braun then moved to West Germany and was full professor for psychiatry and neurology at the University of Göttingen from 1951 until his retirement in 1958 . At the same time, he was director of the Königslutter State Hospital .

Ulrike Lemke describes Braun's scientific work as follows:

“Braun remained committed to practical and clinically oriented research throughout his life. He published about 25 scientific papers by 1945, including articles on forensic and neuropathological topics in textbooks, such as in the Handbuch der Geisteskrankheiten (Bumke et al., 1928) on the psychogenic response, in the Handbuch der Neurologie (Bumke-Foerster, 1935) on the neurasthenic response . His most important work was published in 1933, The Vital Person , as Volume 2 of the collection of psychiatric and neurological individual representations , edited by Bostroem and Lange. Braun represents a biologically oriented psychiatry, deals with the connections between the endocrinium, vegetative nervous system and vital syndrome ”.

Fonts

  • The structure of the psychogenic reaction , Berlin 1928 (habilitation)
  • The vital person . Leipzig 1933.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Enrollment of Ernst Braun in the Rostock matriculation portal
  2. ↑ a b c d Michael Buddrus, Sigrid Fritzlar: The professors of the University of Rostock in the Third Reich. A biographical lexicon , Munich 2007, pp. 80f.
  3. ↑ a b c Hanns Hippius: University Colloquia on Schizophrenia , Darmstadt 2004, Volume 2, p. 46.
  4. ↑ Quoted from: Ulrike Lemke: On the history of Gehlsheim and the KPP at http://www.kpp.med.uni-rostock.de
personal data
SURNAME Braun, Ernst
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Braun, Ernst Carl Friedrich August (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German psychiatrist, neurologist, university professor
DATE OF BIRTH January 9, 1893
PLACE OF BIRTH Mohrin
DATE OF DEATH May 10, 1963
Place of death Karlstadt