Ernst Cloos

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Ernst Cloos (born May 17, 1898 in Saarbrücken , † May 24, 1974 in Baltimore , Maryland ) was a German - American geologist .

Life

Ernst Cloos was the younger brother of the well-known geologist Hans Cloos . He grew up in Cologne and Freiburg and attended the Hermann Lietz School in Switzerland . He was a pilot in World War I and was interned in Switzerland after an emergency landing. He first studied biology in Freiburg, but then switched to geology, which he studied with his brother in Breslau . In 1923 he received his doctorate, using his brother's methods for tectonics of granite in Bohemia . There he met Robert Balk (1899–1955), who later also became a professor in the USA. After completing his doctorate, he worked with Hans Stille in Göttingen. An assistant position was broken up for financial reasons during the inflation period at that time and he worked as an exploration seismologist for Ludger Mintrop's company Seismos in Texas and Iraq .

In 1930 he received a scholarship to apply the methods of granite tectonics in the Sierra Nevada , which made him known in the USA. In 1931 he received a teaching position at Johns Hopkins University , where he met with the geology of the Appalachians in Maryland began to work, where he is also the methods of his brother from the Granittektonik and new structure-known union (micro tectonic) methods by Bruno Sander anwandte (in the US called petrofabrics ). He also learned petrographic methods, which were established at Johns Hopkins University since George Huntington Williams (1856-1894). He held his lectures preferably in the form of field excursions and he carried out tectonic experiments with clay models with students. In 1937 he became an associate professor and later professor and from 1950 head of the Faculty of Geology. In 1968 he retired.

Cloos was a member of the National Academy of Sciences (1950) and the American Philosophical Society (1954). 1951 to 1954 he was head of the Department of Geology and Geography of the National Research Council. In 1954 he was President of the Geological Society of America . He was a foreign member of the Finnish Academy of Sciences, a member of the Finnish and Canadian Geological Societies, the Geological Association and the Geological Society of London . In 1956 he was a Guggenheim Fellow. In 1968 he received the Gustav Steinmann Medal , after the laudation for the fact that he “based on small-tectonic studies, explored the endogenous formation of the earth's crust in an exemplary manner”. In 1973 he received an honorary doctorate from Johns Hopkins (LLD).

He was married to Margaret Spemann, the daughter of his biology professor in Freiburg Hans Spemann , and had two daughters with her.

Fonts

  • with Anna Hietanen: Geology of the Martic overthrust and the Glenarm Series in Pennsylvania and Maryland. In: Geological Society of America, Special Publication. Volume 35, 1941.
  • Oolite deformation of the South Mountain Fold, Maryland. In: Geological Society of America Bulletin. Volume 58, 1947, pp. 843-917 (deformation of oolites by tectonic stresses in the formation of the Appalachians ).
  • Experimental analysis of gulf coast fracture patterns. In: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin. Volume 52, 1968, p. 420 (received the Association President's Prize).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Related publications: The Sierra Nevada Pluton. Geologische Rundschau, Volume 22, 1931, p. 372; Mother Lode and Sierra Nevada Batholiths. Journal of Geology, Vol. 43, 1935, p. 225; The Sierra Nevada Pluton in California. New Yearbook for Geology and Paleontology, Beilagen Volume, Volume 76, 1936, pp. 355-450.
  2. ↑ Justification for the award of the Steinmann Medal 1968. German Geological Society ( Memento from February 14, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME Cloos, Ernst
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-American geologist
DATE OF BIRTH May 17, 1898
PLACE OF BIRTH Saarbrücken
DATE OF DEATH May 24, 1974
Place of death Baltimore , Maryland