Ernst Glaeser

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Ernst Glaeser

Ernst Glaeser ( pseudonyms : Anton Ditschler , Erich Meschede , Alexander Ruppel , Ernst Töpfer ; born July 29, 1902 in Butzbach , †  February 8, 1963 in Mainz ) was a German writer .

Life

Ernst Glaeser was the son of a magistrate . He attended grammar school in Darmstadt and studied philosophy , German and literature at the universities in Freiburg im Breisgau and Munich . After that he was u. a. Employee at the Frankfurter Zeitung and dramaturge at the New Theater in Frankfurt am Main . From 1928 to 1930 he was head of the literary department of the Südwestdeutscher Rundfunk . In 1930 he was one of the signatories of an election call by the League of Proletarian Revolutionary Writers in favor of the KPD and was a participant in the 2nd International Congress for Revolutionary Literature in Kharkov. From 1930 to 1933 Glaeser was an editor at Propylaen Verlag .

His first book , published in 1928, born in 1902 and written in the New Objectivity style , was an international success. It has been translated into 24 languages. However, the pacifist tendency of the work, the disclosure of social grievances and the open theming of sexuality earned the author the ostracism of the German right, so that Glaeser's works ended up at the stake in the book burnings in May 1933 after the transfer of power to the National Socialists . Although Glaeser had already distanced himself from Marxism , he decided to emigrate .

Glaeser moved to Czechoslovakia in December 1933 with his wife and 4-year-old son , from there he moved to Locarno in 1934 and to Zurich in October 1935 . The novel The Last Civilian , written there, shows the gradual seizure of power by the Nazi ideology in a small German town from the perspective of a German-American who has returned in the hope of a democratic Germany. In the following years, in view of the hopeless situation in the resistance against National Socialism and the criticism of his works in exile, Glaeser increasingly distanced himself from anti-fascist German emigration. He developed more and more into a conservative and finally returned to Germany on April 1, 1939 , which was met with incomprehension in exile circles and was viewed as treason.

In Germany at the time of National Socialism , the once ostracized author has now become a kind of showpiece. He was allowed (restricted and censored reservation) publish again - mostly under the pseudonym Ernst pottery - and was after his convocation to the Wehrmacht in 1940 deputy editor of Air Force - Front Newspapers Adler in the east and Adler in the south . He also wrote for the German-language Krakauer Zeitung (a Nazi newspaper in occupied Poland, the so-called Generalgouvernement ) and for the Deutsche Adria-Zeitung in Trieste.

After 1945, works by Glaeser continued to be published. However, the author could no longer build on his successes of the 1930s, especially since his narrative works were mostly only weak attempts to justify his about-face in 1939. His work was placed on the list of literature to be segregated as a whole in the Soviet zone of occupation in 1946 . Glaeser died of a pulmonary embolism.

estate

In August 2018, the German Literature Archive in Marbach announced that it had acquired Ernst Glaeser's estate. It contains manuscripts for printed and unprinted novels, short stories, short stories, plays and radio plays as well as letters and photographs.

Works (selection)

Born in 1902 , the book-burning memorial on Bonn's market square
  • Overcoming the Madonna , Potsdam 1924
  • Born in 1902 , Potsdam 1928
  • Peace (later: Peace 1919 ), Berlin 1930
  • The state without the unemployed , Berlin 1931 (together with Franz Carl Weiskopf )
  • The estate in Alsace , Berlin 1932
  • The pharmacy on the Neckar , Berlin 1933
  • The last civilian , Zurich 1935
  • The Immortal , Amsterdam 1936
  • The year Zurich 1938
  • Large people's collective for 1200 people, 1945
  • Way of the Cross of the Germans , Wiesbaden 1947
  • Against the bureaucracy , Kassel 1947
  • German Liberty , Kassel 1948
  • Heads and Profiles , Zurich 1952
  • The Cherry Festival , Zurich [u. a.] 1955
  • Splendor and misery of the Germans , Munich [a. a.] 1960
  • The desire to please , Wiesbaden 1960
  • The Destroyed Illusion , Munich [u. a.] 1960
  • May our children live better , Frankfurt a. M. 1961

Editing (selection)

  • Conclusion , Hamburg 1929
  • With open eyes , Stuttgart 1951

literature

  • Erwin Rotermund : Between Exile Poetry and Inner Emigration , Munich 1980
  • Edna Carolyne McCown: Ernst Glaeser , Stony Brook, NY 1982
  • René Geoffroy: Ernst Glaeser: essai de biographie intellectuelle . University of Paris VIII : 1988
  • Volker Weidermann : The book of burned books . Cologne: Kiepenheuer & Witsch, 2008; ISBN 978-3-462-03962-7 . (For Glaeser, pages 57–60)
  • Christian Klein : Afterword . In: Ernst Glaeser born in 1902. Novel . Published by Christian Klein. Göttingen: Wallstein Verlag, 2013; ISBN 978-3-8353-1336-1 . (For Glaeser's biography, especially pages 342–388)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Ernst Klee : The cultural lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-10-039326-5 , p. 184.
  2. Franz Carl Weiskopf : Unter Fremd Himmeln 1981, Aufbauverlag, 1st edition, p. 260
  3. DIED: ERNST GLAESER . In: Der Spiegel . tape 7 , February 13, 1963 ( spiegel.de [accessed April 11, 2018]).
  4. ^ Department-for-national-education-of-the-city-Berlin-directory-of-literature-to be sorted out .
  5. DIED: ERNST GLAESER . In: Der Spiegel . tape 7 , February 13, 1963 ( spiegel.de [accessed April 11, 2018]).
  6. DLA acquires the estate from Ernst Glaeser. German Literature Archive Marbach, August 10, 2018, accessed on August 13, 2018 .