Eschenau (Obersulm)
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Eschenau
municipality Obersulm
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| Height : | approx. 210–260 m above sea level NN |
| Incorporation : | May 1, 1972 |
| Postal code : | 74182 |
| Area code : | 07130 |
 Eschenau
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Eschenau is a district of the municipality Obersulm in the district of Heilbronn in northern Baden-Württemberg .
history
Eschenau was a fiefdom of the Counts of Löwenstein , as feudal people the Lords of Eschenau had a castle here, which was destroyed in 1504. From the late 15th century the place belonged to the lords of Gemmingen , who built a castle here in 1573. In 1650 the place came to the Lords of Moser, 1705 to those of Ziegesar and around 1740 to those of von Killinger. In 1805 Eschenau was mediatized and fell to the Electorate of Württemberg, which was elevated to a kingdom in 1806 . Since March 18, 1806 Eschenau was assigned to the Oberamt Weinsberg . On August 4, 1862, with the opening of the line from Heilbronn to Hall , Eschenau was connected to the rail network of the Württemberg Railway . Since April 1, 1926, Eschenau has belonged to the Heilbronn Oberamt , which came to the district of the same name on October 1, 1938 .
On May 1, 1972, the new municipality of Obersulm was created through the merger of the municipalities of Affaltrach, Eichelberg, Eschenau, Weiler bei Weinsberg and Willsbach. On January 1, 1975, Sülzbach was incorporated.
religion
Eschenau has been evangelical since the Reformation and was a subsidiary of Affaltrach until 1573 . After centuries of church independence, on December 1, 2019, the parishes Affaltrach , Eschenau and Weiler-Eichelberg formed the composite parish Obersulm See in the parish of Weinsberg-Neuenstadt of the Evangelical Church in Württemberg .
coat of arms
Eschenau's coat of arms
The blazon of the Eschenau coat of arms reads: A green ash with roots in silver.
The talking coat of arms was first recorded in a mayor's office seal around 1820; the colors were determined by the archives in 1930. The drawing of the ash tree used was later criticized by the archives as unheraldic because it was too detailed. In 1961 she produced a new design, which, after being revised again, was accepted by the Eschenau municipal council in 1962.
Attractions
- Eschenau Castle , built in the 16th century. Around 1740 in the possession of Johann Melchior von Killinger, who had the palace rebuilt in 1745 based on designs by Leopoldo Retti under the direction of Georg Philipp Wenger . In the park of the castle there is also a garden house and an orangery. During the Nazi era, the castle was usedby the SS as a forced retirement home for Jews.
- The town hall is the former Gemmingen administrative building, which was mentioned as a widow's residence in 1649 and has replaced the old town hall since it was renovated in 1890.
- Wendelinskirche : The base of the octagonal tower structure is medieval, the baroque nave was given its present shape in the 18th century by the master builder Johann Michael Krauß from Windsheim, probably based on plans by Philippe de la Guêpière , but has beenrestoredby the architect Hannes Mayer in 1959 designed more simply. In 1790 the local rule of the Barons von Killinger had a crypt installed under the base of the tower, which was only used for burials for a few decades in the second half of the 18th century and then closed, but has recently been made accessible again. In 2006/08 the west gable of the church received a renovation. Three colored standing figures made of linden wood come from the late 15th century: a Madonna and Child and Saints Leonhard and Wendelin . A high relief plaque formerly in the Eschenau churchwith the legend of St. Ursula , probably from the shrine of a smaller altar around 1500, was sold to the Stuttgart antiquities collection in 1885 and is now in the Württemberg State Museum . On the right of the choir arch wall are the tombstones of the Gemmingen-Fürfeld couple († 1597 and 1601). The wooden baptismal font from 1706 and a stylistically matching large candlestick are reminiscent ofthe earlier baroque furnishings of the churchwith their colors and ornamentation . The organ was built by Karl Schäfer in1879.
- Two wine presses around 1600 and the baroque Gasthaus zum Ochsen (1788) in the center of the village are also worth mentioning.
- The old town hall from 1546 on the castle wall and the old synagogue from 1797 were converted into residential buildings. A historic cloister courtyard of the Lichtenstern Monastery has since been demolished.
- Historical epitaphs of local rule (barons von Ziegesar) are embedded in the cemetery wall, and there are also tombs of the von Üxküll-Gyllenband .
- South-east of Eschenau, in the middle of the forest, directly on the boundary with Bretzfeld, is the Waldhof, which was laid out in 1851 by Albert von Hügel.
town hall
Wendelin Church
Wine press from 1579
Waldhof
Personalities
- Wilhelm Meyder (1841–1927), Eschenauer Schultheiss from 1875 to 1893, member of parliament from 1890 to 1895
Individual evidence
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 451 .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 465 .
- ^ Website of the Evangelical Association Church Community Obersulm See
- ^ Website of the Evangelical Church District Weinsberg-Neuenstadt
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↑ Sources for the section coat of arms and flag Eschenau:
Eberhard Gönner: Wappenbuch des Stadt- und Landkreis Heilbronn with a territorial history of this area . Archive Directorate Stuttgart, Stuttgart 1965 (Publications of the State Archive Administration Baden-Württemberg, 9). Page 77
Bettina Christ: Obersulm's municipal coat of arms . In: Obersulm. Six villages - one municipality . Page 432–436 - ↑ Martin Ulmer, Martin Ritter (ed.): The Jewish forced retirement home Eschenau and its residents . Barbara Staudacher Verlag, Horb-Rexingen 2013, ISBN 978-3-928213-20-2 .
- ↑ Hartmut Gräf: Unterländer Altare 1350–1540 , Heilbronn 1983, pp. 170/171, No. B 55.
- ↑ Otto Friedrich: Evangelical churches in the deanery Weinsberg - picture reading book ; ed. Ev. Dean's office Weinsberg, 2003, page 14 f
literature
- Obersulm. Six villages - one municipality . Obersulm municipality, Obersulm 1997.
