Eschweilera

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Eschweilera
Branch of an Eschweilera species (probably Eschweilera ovata .mw-parser-output .Person {font-variant: small-caps} (Cambess.) Miers), Ajuruteua Peninsula, Bragança, Pará, Brazil

Branch of an Eschweilera species (probably Eschweilera ovata (Cambess.) Miers ), Ajuruteua Peninsula, Bragança , Pará , Brazil

Systematics
Eudicotyledons
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Asterids
Order : Heather-like (Ericales)
Family : Potted fruit trees (Lecythidaceae)
Genre : Eschweilera
Scientific name
Eschweilera
Mart. ex DC.

Eschweilera is a genus within the potted fruit tree family(Lecythidaceae). The 90 or so species are common in tropical South and Central America. Several species are used as timber , and many are endangered.

Description and ecology

Tribe of Eschweilera alvimii
Eschweilera alvimii
Illustration of Eschweilera compressa
Illustration of Eschweilera grandiflora
Eschweilera ovalifolia
Eschweilera ovata
Eschweilera ovata
Eschweilera ovata
Eschweilera ovata
Eschweilera ovata

In the genus Eschweilera there are trees of different sizes that grow accordingly on different levels of the forest: in the undergrowth, in the canopy or as emergent. The alternate leaves are not clustered at the ends of the branches, leaf sizes between 5 and 60 centimeters occur in the genus. The leaves are simple, entire and smooth, the leaf veins are reticulate.

The inflorescences arise either directly on the trunk and thicker branches, or are laterally or terminally on the branches. The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic . There are six sepals and six petals . The very numerous stamens are in a ring around the upper half permanent ovary organized the everts on one side to a hood. This hood is placed over the stamens of the ring and rolled up inside, it carries sterile staminodes and produces nectar inside. Pollinating insects have to crawl under this hood, eat the staminodes or nectar and transfer the pollen in the process .

The round to conical and pot-shaped capsule fruits stick to the tree when they ripen, open there with a lid (operculum) and release the seeds. The seeds are wingless, the inside of the fruit is not filled with “ pulp ”. The seeds can have an aril or a sarcotesta .

Systematics and distribution

The genus Eschweilera was established in 1828 by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius in Augustin-Pyrame de Candolle : Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis , Pars 3, p. 293. The botanical genus name Eschweilera honors the botanist Franz Gerhard Eschweiler . Synonyms for Eschweilera Mart. ex DC. are: Jugastrum Miers , Noallia Buc'hoz , Neohuberia Ledoux .

About 90 Eschweilera species have been described, and estimates suggest that just as many are still undescribed. According to molecular genetic studies, Eschweilera is paraphyletic (the species assigned to the genus form two clades, which, however, are not sister taxa).

The neotropical genus Eschweilera is widespread from Mexico to eastern Brazil, making it the most widespread genus within the potted fruit tree family. Eschweilera species usually thrive at low altitudes of up to 1000 meters, dry or flooded areas are avoided.

There are around 90 species of Eschweilera :

The following is no longer included in this category:

  • Eschweilera rhodogonoclada Rizzini & A.Mattos => Lecythis lurida (Miers) SAMori

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ First publication scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
  2. ^ Frans A. Stafleu, Richard S. Cowan: Taxonomic literature: a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types. Volume 1 AG, ​​Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema, Utrecht, 2nd edition, 1976. P. 801.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Eschweilera. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 28, 2018.
  4. ↑ Complete species list from Lecythidaceae Pages .
  5. ↑ Eschweilera in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.

Web links

Commons : Eschweilera  - collection of images, videos and audio files