Eussenhausen

Eußenhausen (sometimes also Eussenhausen ) is a district of the Lower Franconian town of Mellrichstadt in the Rhön-Grabfeld district in Bavaria . The place is at the foot of the Rhön, right on the border with Thuringia . State road 2445 (formerly federal road 19 ) runs through the village , which leads from Mellrichstadt to Meiningen in Thuringia (16 km, in Thuringia state road L 3019 ) and the Franconian Marienweg . Around 500 people live in Eußenhausen. Eußenhausen was a politically independent municipality until the regional reform in Bavaria . On January 1, 1978, it was incorporated into the city of Mellrichstadt.

history

Eußenhausen, in the immediate vicinity of Henneberg Castle in the Thuringian town of Henneberg , was originally closely linked to this and the Counts of Henneberg who ruled there . The place was mentioned in a document as early as 788 under the name "Isanhus"; this happened on the occasion of a donation made by the sons of Gaugrafen Manto to the Fulda monastery . As part of the county of Henneberg -Schleusingen ( Amt Maßfeld ), Protestant teaching was introduced in 1544 and the parish was looked after by the Lutheran pastor from Mühlfeld . After the male line of the Counts of Henneberg had died out, the place came under joint Saxon administration in 1583 according to the Kahla Treaty .

In 1589, now part of the Würzburg Monastery due to the Schleusinger Treaty , Eußenhausen became Catholic again during the Counter-Reformation , and in 1590 it was elevated to a parish. The place now belonged to the Mellrichstadt office . After the secularization of the Bishopric of Würzburg in 1803, the place was given to the Archduke Ferdinand of Tuscany in 1805 in favor of Bavaria to form the Grand Duchy of Würzburg and with this in 1814 it finally fell to Bavaria .

In 1686, pastor Johann Petrus Schreyer created the memorial book for the parish of Eussenhausen , a valuable chronicle containing entries from 1611 as well as copies of documents dating back to 1343.

The history painter and fresco artist Hugo Barthelme was born in Eußenhausen in 1822 .

Eußenhausen had been a customs post for the Counts of Henneberg since 1340. At the beginning of the 15th century a Landwehr with ramparts and ditches was built for protection purposes, which was named "Schwedenschanze" as a result of the Thirty Years' War . Remains of these as well as various historical landmarks can still be seen today. The border crossing there was heavily controlled especially in the years 1831/32 to prevent the spread of cholera . By resolution of the state parliament, a Kontumaz was set up, which the travelers called "Eussenhäuser Plag" due to the inconvenience involved. The period from 1945 to 1989 was then shaped by the German-German division , as a result of which Eußenhausen was strongly oriented towards Mellrichstadt, which ultimately led to the incorporation in 1977/78. Shortly before the place was the border crossing Eußenhausen-Meiningen , of which several structures such as watchtowers have been preserved. The place Henneberg was on the Thuringian side in the restricted area of the GDR .

Attractions

The Golden Bridge in the Sculpture Park

The townscape is shaped by the Catholic parish church of St. Bartholomew, whose nave was built in the 18th century.

In the former death strip at the Eußenhausen / Meiningen border crossing, the national monument Sculpture Park German Unity by the sculptor Jimmy Fell and an open-air museum that shows a typical border crossing point BRD - GDR were created . The church ruins Elmbach (or Ellenbach ) are located north of Eußenhausen .

Web links

Eußenhausen on the website of the city of Mellrichstadt

Individual evidence

^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 741 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c Mellrichstadt then and now. A memory book on the occasion of the 750th anniversary of the city uprising 1232/1233. (Ed .: Stadt Mellrichstadt, Ed .: Walter Graumann, Josef Kuhn), Richard Mack KG Verlag, Mellrichstadt 1983, p. 80 ff.

50.463888888889 10.319444444444Coordinates: 50 ° 28 ' N , 10 ° 19' E

[1] Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 741 .

[einstundjetzt-2] Mellrichstadt then and now. A memory book on the occasion of the 750th anniversary of the city uprising 1232/1233. (Ed .: Stadt Mellrichstadt, Ed .: Walter Graumann, Josef Kuhn), Richard Mack KG Verlag, Mellrichstadt 1983, p. 80 ff.