Eudoxius of Hormuzaki

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Eudoxius Freiherr von Hormuzaki

Eudoxius Freiherr von Hormuzaki (Hurmuzachi) (born September 29, 1812 in Czernawka (Cernăuca) Czernowitz ; † February 10, 1874 in Czernowitz) was an Austro-Romanian politician and historian in the Duchy of Bukovina , but also a historian and writer .

ancestry

The Hurmuzachi-Logotheti-Palais in Chernivtsi

His family, whose name is of Greek fanariotic descent, belonged to the Moldavian nobility. In 1636 a Hurmuzaki was presented with an estate by the Prince of Moldova for his services to the divan. During the reign of Prince Nikolaus Mavrocordatos, also a fanariot, Emanuel was head stable master and a member of the divan.

Constantin bought the Czernawka (Cernăuca) estate in 1765. Eudoxius' father Doxaki (* 1782; † March 30, 1857) used to grant refuge to Romanian leaders who had fled Transylvania for political reasons with high financial commitment.

Nonetheless, he, who only had the title of boyar, asked in 1818 for the first time to be awarded the rank of count (!) For himself and his relatives, but this request was refused. In 1831 he renewed his application and asked, if he should not be awarded the count, at least to be raised to the baron rank. This request was also not granted. The members of this family consistently held the title of knight in Bukovina, but this was never awarded to them. They did not appear in any Galician or Austrian nobility registers, but the use of the title was tacitly tolerated, even by the authorities.

biography

Eudoxius Freiherr von Hormuzaki 1873

After graduating from the Lyceum in Chernivtsi, he studied from 1830 to 1836 with his brother Constantin Hormuzaki at the Faculty of Law at the University of Vienna . Towards the end of 1848, the Minister of Justice Alexander von Bach summoned him to Kremsier in order to make use of his specialist and local knowledge when issuing the regulations for Bukovina and also entrusted him with the translation of the Civil Code and the Criminal Code into Romanian. Also at the end of that year he became an employee of the political newspaper "Bukowina", published in Romanian and German by his brothers Georg and Alexander, which did a lot to prepare a new era for this country. In 1850 he was appointed by the then Minister of Justice Anton von Schmerling as a member of the commission for the elaboration of a legal and terminological dictionary in Romanian. In addition, he took over the examination of the Romanian textbooks for the Bukovina, and for a number of years was responsible for the translation of the imperial decrees and laws into the Romanian language. Eudoxius stayed, with short interruptions, for a long number of years in Vienna, where he devoted himself to historical studies with particular reference to Bukovina, and was allowed to use the imperial archives. This circumstance was also very helpful for the study of history that he began in 1851. Later he was constantly commuting between Vienna and Chernivtsi.

Together with his brothers Alexander , he supported the request to the Austrian emperor for a conversion of the Galician province of Bukovina into a duchy of the crown lands, postulated by Jordaki Wassilko von Serecki in 1849 in his “Promemoria for the Bukowiner Landespetition of 1848” in German and Romanian , Constantin, Georg (1817–1882), Nikolaus (1826–1909) and other Romanian politicians. This request was granted, but it was not implemented until 1861.

In 1861, the voters of the district chose Câmpulung Moldovenesc - Solca Eudoxius parliament deputies to the Bukovina. On February 8, 1862, Eudoxius was appointed by Emperor Franz Joseph I as the deputy governor of the Metropolitan Eugen Hakman and, after his resignation on December 5, 1862, for the first time as the new governor of Bukovina . He held this office with zeal and devotion for the interests of the Austrian imperial family, the Austrian monarchy and the duchy until 1870. As a result of the elections for the state parliament of Bukovina in 1870, the federalist party won the majority of the seats, according to which Alexander Freiherr Wassilko von Serecki became governor on August 16, 1870. The collapse of the Potocki cabinet in Vienna also caused changes in the ratio of forces in the state parliament and Eudoxius was again governor on December 16, 1871 until his death in 1874. The politician was also elected as a member of the Reichsrat for the second legislative period , but could not be sworn in until September 23, 1867 because of pneumonia.

His acceptance into the “Academia Română” (Romanian Academy) in Bucharest (Bucureşti) on August 2, 1872 meant a special honor for him .

With the award date of May 6, 1872 and diploma of February 20, 1873, in recognition of his services to empire and country and due to the old nobility and knighthood of his family, according to the highest resolution of Emperor Franz Joseph I, the personal Austrian baron status was awarded.

The baron remained single and childless. The last governor of Bukovina was his nephew Alexander Freiherr von Hormuzaki . As a citizen and dignitary of the Danube Monarchy , he always stood up for the rights of Romanians throughout the state, especially those in Bukovina, for which his compatriots are very grateful to him to this day. In his memory, the community of Câmpulung Moldovenesc built a large stone block hill there and named it after him the "Hormuzaki hill" ( Movila lui Hormuzaki ). Nowadays carry numerous schools, for example, already kuk famous Times "Obergymnasium" in Rădăuţi , further institutions, including the the Ministry of Foreign Affairs attached Institute for Romanians from everywhere ( Institutul Eudoxiu Hurmuzachi pentru Romanii de Pretutindeni ), but also many streets and squares his name everywhere in Romania .

Hormuzaki was buried in Dulceşti, Neamț County .

coat of arms

Coat of arms of Baron Eudoxius von Hormuzaki 1872 (1873)

1872: The shield is split vertically by a golden thread, on the right a natural buffalo head in blue, on the left nine golden pearls in blue, above five as a St. Andrew's cross, below four as a diamond. The baron's crown rests on the shield. Above it hovers a crowned helmet with a blue and gold ceiling, from which emerges a natural peacock feather, two rows, the upper one with five feathers each, the lower one with four feathers each. Shield holders are two standing, inward-facing, red-tongued, golden lions. The coat of arms was only valid for Eudoxius.

Works

He wrote a total of eleven scientific-historical books, including the 5-volume work "Fragments din Istoria Românilor" (fragments from the history of the Romanians). The Romanian government at the time considered it its duty to publish this work under the title “Fragments on the History of the Romanians” at public expense.

literature

Web links

Commons : Eudoxiu Hurmuzachi  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Prokopowitsch, Der Adel in der Bukowina, Verlag "Der Südostdeutsche", Munich 1983, p. 124
  2. ↑ IG Sbiera, "Hurmuzachi", Enciclopedia Română, (1900), II, pp. 736-739
  3. ↑ Ilie Luceac (coordinator): "Discursurile lui Eudoxiu Hurmuzaki în Dieta Bucovinei" Institutul Cultural Român, Bucharest 2007, p 12
  4. ↑ a b c Morgen-Post No. 15, from Thursday, January 15, 1885, pp. 2–3
  5. ↑ Authors
  6. ↑ Promemoria
  7. ↑ Publication: ÖBL 1815–1950, Vol. 2 (Lfg. 10, 1959), p. 421
  8. ↑ Klagenfurter Zeitung No. 294, from Tuesday, December 23, 1862, p. 1175
  9. ↑ Innsbrucker Nachrichten No. 291, from Wednesday, December 20, 1871, p. 2
  10. ↑ Mihai-Ştefan Ceauşu, “The historical development of the Romanian political parties in Bukovina and their most important representatives in the Imperial Council and the Landtag (1861–1914)” Institute for History “AD Xenopol” of the Romanian Academy, p. 100
  11. ↑ Frank-Döfering, data from the nobility files in the ÖStA, margin number 3562
  12. ^ Edition Monitorul de Dorna No. 213
predecessor Office successor
Bishop Eugen Hakman Governor of the Duchy of Bukovina
1862–1870 		Alexander Freiherr Wassilko von Serecki
Alexander Freiherr Wassilko von Serecki Governor of the Duchy of Bukovina
1872–1874 		Anton Kochanowski Freiherr (1898) von Stawczan
personal data
SURNAME Hormuzaki, Eudoxius of
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hurmuzachi, Eudoxius of
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian-Romanian politician and historian in the Duchy of Bukovina, but also historian and writer
DATE OF BIRTH September 29, 1812
PLACE OF BIRTH Czernawka, Chernivtsi
DATE OF DEATH February 10, 1874
Place of death Chernivtsi