Evangelical Lutheran Church (Londorf)

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Church from the south side

The Evangelical Lutheran Church in Londorf (pronounced: Lonndorf), a district of the municipality of Rabenau in the district of Gießen ( Hesse ), is a three-aisled neo-Gothic hall church with a west tower from the 13th century. It was built from 1861 to 1864 according to the plans of the district architect Carl Wilhelm Chr. Dieffenbach. The building, commonly known as the "Rabenau Cathedral", dominates the townscape and is a Hessian cultural monument .

history

13th century church tower from the northwest. In the foreground the portal in the defensive wall

For the year 1226 a pleban called Sybodo is proven, which presupposes the existence of a church. In the 13th century, a single-nave church with a transept, retracted rectangular choir and west tower was built, which resembled the church of Großen-Buseck in its cross-shaped floor plan . The choir and transept had higher walls than the nave with the same ridge height. In the 13th century Londorf was the seat of a grand pastor ("Sedes"). Möllenbach was parish in Londorf until 1323; In 1365 this place was abolished. Ecclesiastically, Londorf belonged to the Diaconate Amöneburg in the Archdiakonat St. Stephan in the Diocese of Mainz in the late Middle Ages . With the introduction of the Reformation , Londorf switched to the evangelical creed. The first Lutheran pastor was Dietrich Stengel, who worked in the parish from 1530 (1542) to 1575 and temporarily provided for the parish of Winnerod. In 1577 the places Allertshausen, Climbach, Geilshausen, Kesselbach, Odenhausen, Rüddingshausen and Weitershain were parish. In 1619, the parish joined the Reformed Confession , only to return to Lutheran in 1624 in accordance with the principle of cuius regio, eius religio .

An extension by two aisles is said to have taken place in 1517. A renovation took place in 1575, after the destruction of the interior of the church in the Thirty Years War, it was restored in 1667 and another renovation in 1780. The southern transverse arm was re-listed in 1837.

The missing medieval church, the walls of which were bent by heavy vaults that were added later, was torn down in 1857/58 and gave way to a new building according to the plans of the district architect Carl Wilhelm Chr. Dieffenbach. The Ottonian Paderborn Cathedral served as a model . The earthworks began on April 16, 1860. The foundation stone was laid on July 1, 1860 and the inauguration took place on September 4, 1864.

A comprehensive restoration of the entire church took place in 2005/2006, which included renovation of the roof trusses and masonry as well as interior renovation.

The parish has 2700 members (as of 2013). In addition to the main town of Londorf with Kesselbach, the parish includes the subsidiary communities Allertshausen and Climbach.

architecture

Choir from the southeast

The roughly geostete church is built in the south of the old town center. Quarry stone masonry made of basalt was used as the building material, the local Londorfer basalt lava (lung stone) was used for the walls and structures . The almost circular churchyard, which used to be walled for defense, is accessed through a large portal from 1773. The three-aisled hall church from 1864 has a 5/8 choir closure in the east and a medieval west tower.

The early Gothic church tower on a square floor plan probably dates from around 1200, at the latest from the second half of the 13th century. It is divided into three storeys of different heights by two cornices, with corner blocks and slightly tapering towards the top. An eight-sided pointed helmet rises above four stone gables, reaching a height of 38 meters. The gable windows date from 1859. The ground floor has corner pilaster strips that are not continued in the upper floors. Only on the east side pilaster strips reach halfway up. The tower hall was originally open to the west and had a ribbed vault, the consoles of which have been preserved. The large west portal (1.84 meters × 2.67 meters) is pointed arch and has stepped walls , the small, now walled-up portals on the north and south sides (0.93 meters × 2.10 meters) have clover-leaf arches.

Small rectangular loopholes-like openings are let in above the portals. On the first floor, the inner east side has a large round arched niche. The two basement floors have slotted windows on the north and south sides, one of which has an ogival wall on the north side. On the first floor, a rose with six pointed arches is embedded above the portal. The upper floor (bell storey) has domed pointed arch windows on all sides, the north gable has a round arched window with a clock face and the other three gables have coupled windows and dials in a pointed arched cover.

The central nave has four bays and is separated from the side aisles by four mighty stone pillars. The yokes and choir walls are gabled on the outside. Each side aisle has four small transverse roofs, followed by a larger one in the east, pointing to a transept. The three middle walls of the choir have pointed gables. A continuous cornice divides the church and choir into two zones. Small windows in the lower area and large pointed arch windows in the upper area illuminate the interior. The interior has round arches, pointed arches and groin vaults.

Furnishing

The stone pillars between the naves include the gallery running on three sides. In the supposed transept there are stairs and the patron s boxes. The west gallery serves as the installation site for the organ.

The Lungstein altar is raised by three steps. The twelve-sided Gothic baptismal font is also made of lung stone. The polygonal wooden pulpit on a slender column and the carved sound cover are designed in the neo-Gothic style. The right arm and toes were missing from the limewood crucifix ; the restoration took place in 1965.

Tombstone (south side)
Tomb (north side)

In the church there are nine grave monuments and tombstones for members of the Nordeck zur Rabenau family from the previous church. Johann († 1561) kneels in full armor in front of the crucified (1.33 meters × 2.20 meters). Katharina Sophia († 1591) is shown on a tombstone with a child on a sandstone slab with a crowning semicircle. Hermann († 1613) stands life-size in full armor with his wife Anna von Biedenfeld († 1597) on a double grave between Ionic columns surrounded by coats of arms above a base with an inscription. Jost († 1611), his wife Elisabeth b. von Lutter († 1597) and his six daughters who died of the plague (four † 1602, one † 1611 and one † 1612) are depicted as a bas-relief on three stones. Two gravestones made of sandstone and a lung stone as well as two half gravestones made of lung stone in the choir are largely illegible. The gravestone for Georg Adolph (1655–1714) by the pulpit has a richly designed frame in the style of the Baroque. A tombstone in the cemetery commemorates family members of the von Rabenau family who died in 1809, 1811 and 1829.

organ

Link organ from 1911

In 1738 Johann Conrad Wagner from Allendorf / Lumda built the first organ with eleven registers . After the old nave was demolished, it was sold  to Beltershausen (Ebsdorfergrund) for 70 fl . For the new church, the Treisbacher organ builder Peter Dickel created a new work with 20 registers in 1866 for £ 2750. Johann Georg Förster repaired the instrument on 26./27. May 1893. Since 1911 there has been an organ from the Link Brothers in the west gallery , which incorporates some Dickel stops. The instrument has pneumatic cone chests and 22 registers, which are distributed over two manuals and pedal. Each manual has an empty loop that is prepared for later expansion. The neo-Gothic case is characterized by three ogival pipe fields that end with a rose window. The middle field has a triangular gable, the side fields have a straight end and corner pilasters. In the lower area, the pipe fields are structured by slender double columns, the consoles of which merge into pilasters that are crowned by turrets with finials. The disposition is as follows:

I Manual C-g 3
1. Bourdon 16 ′
2. Principal 8th'
3. Hollow flute 8th'
4th Gamba 8th'
5. Covered 8th'
6th Dolce 8th'
7th Octave 4 ′
8th. Reed flute 4 ′
9. Octave 2 ′
10. Mixture IV 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
II Manual C-g 3
11. Violin principal 8th'
12. Flauto dolce 8th'
13. Lovely covered 8th'
14th Salicional 8th'
15th Voix Celeste 8th'
16. flute 4 ′
17th Gemshorn 4 ′
Pedal C – f 1
18th Principal bass 16 ′
19th Violonbass 16 ′
20th Sub-bass 16 ′
21st Cello bass 8th'
22nd Thought bass 8th'
  • Pairing :
    • Normal coupling: II / I, I / P, II / P
    • Super octave coupling: II / I

Peal

Bell No. 2 from 1337

The bell floor houses a four-bell ring. The ringing motif is a filled in major chord. As early as the middle of the 17th century, the church had four bells. The oldest (called "Appel") was painted and was delivered in 1917 for armament purposes. Another bell had to be relinquished in World War II. Both were replaced in the 1950s.

No.
 		 Casting year
 		 Foundry, casting location
 		 Diameter
(mm)		 Percussive
( HT - 1 / 16 )		 inscription
 
1 1953 Gebr. Rincker , Sinn f sharp 1 −8 " I call to eternity - I rejoice peace and joy - I release lust and suffering "
2 1337 anonymous g sharp 1 −6 " LVCAS + MARCVS + MATHEVS + IOHAMNES + ANNA + VOCATVR + MCCCXXXVII "
3 1564 Jörg Kloppel ais 1 −9 " SANCTA · MARIA · MY · JORG · KLOPPEL · GOSSE · ME 1 · 5 · 6 · 4 "
4th 1957 Gebr. Rincker, Sinn c sharp 2 −7 " Glory to God on high and peace on earth "

literature

  • Franz Bösken , Hermann Fischer : Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine. Vol. 3: Former province of Upper Hesse (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history 29.1 . Part 1 (A – L)). Schott, Mainz 1988, ISBN 3-7957-1330-7 , p. 624-628 .
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German art monuments , Hessen I. Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich a. a. 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , p. 596.
  • Wilhelm Diehl : Construction book for the Protestant parishes of the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt. (= Hassia sacra; 5 ). Self-published, Darmstadt 1931, p. 406 f.
  • Erwin Knauß: The history of the church in the Rabenau. In: Erwin Knauß (arrangement): The 1200 year old Londorf and the Rabenau. A home book. Publishing house of the municipality of Londorf 1958, pp. 169–197.
  • State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.), Karlheinz Lang (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. District of Giessen II. Buseck, Fernwald, Grünberg, Langgöns, Linden, Pohlheim, Rabenau. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany ). Theiss, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-8062-2178-7 , p. 486 f.
  • Heinrich Walbe : The art monuments of the Gießen district. Vol. 1. Northern part. Hessisches Denkmalarchiv, Darmstadt 1938, pp. 278–286.
  • Peter Weyrauch : The churches of the old district of Giessen. Mittelhessische Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Gießen 1979, p. 124 f.

Web links

Commons : Evangelical Lutheran Church (Londorf)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.), Lang (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. 2010, p. 108.
  2. ↑ a b c Weyrauch: The churches of the old district of Gießen. 1979, p. 124.
  3. ^ History of the city of Allendorf (Lumda) , accessed on October 22, 2016.
  4. ↑ a b Londorf. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on June 1, 2014 .
  5. ↑ http://www.londorf.de:/ Pastor of the Londorf parish office since the Reformation (PDF file; 43.3 kB), accessed on June 2, 2014.
  6. ↑ a b Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. Vol. 1. 1938, p. 280.
  7. ↑ a b Knauß: The history of the church in the Rabenau. 1958, p. 192.
  8. ↑ Evangelical in Giessenerland: Londorf, Allertshausen, Climbach, Kesselbach , accessed on June 2, 2014.
  9. ^ Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 596.
  10. ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. Vol. 1. 1938, p. 281.
  11. ^ Weyrauch: The churches of the old district Gießen. 1979, p. 125.
  12. ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. Vol. 1. 1938, p. 284.
  13. ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. Vol. 1. 1938, p. 284 f.
  14. ^ Bösken, Fischer: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine. Vol. 3, Part 1 (A-L). 1988, p. 628.
  15. ↑ The bells in the Londorfer Church (PDF file; 40.3 kB), accessed on June 1, 2014.

Coordinates: 50 ° 40 ′ 30 ″  N , 8 ° 51 ′ 43.2 ″  E