Pleated umbrellas

Pleated umbrellas
Yellow fold umbrella ( Leucocoprinus birnbaumii )
Systematics
Subdivision : Agaricomycotina Class : Agaricomycetes Subclass : Agaricomycetidae Order : Mushroom-like (Agaricales) Family : Mushroom relatives (Agaricaceae) Genre : Pleated umbrellas
Scientific name
Leucocoprinus
Patouillard

The folding umbrella ( Leucocoprinus ) are a genus of mushrooms from the mushroom relatives family .

features

The parapets are small to medium-sized, thin-fleshed agaric mushrooms, the outer shape of which is reminiscent of that of the parapets ( Lepiota ). The hat is usually bell-shaped when young, later spread out and hunched over. The surface of the hat is scaly or sticky, with a grooved and folded edge, which resembles the shape of the inks ( Coprinus ). The thin lamellae, which almost dissolve with age, are free, they are white or yellow in color. The cylindrical-club-shaped or spindle-shaped stem is usually ringed, the spore powder is colored white or yellow. The spores are smooth and have a distinct germ pore.

ecology

The folded parasols are saprobiontic soil or wood dwellers, sawdust and similar substrates are also colonized. The genus is mainly found in the tropics; in Central Europe, parapets are found in greenhouses, market gardens and inside buildings in flower pots, terrariums and similar habitats.

species

The genus Leucocoprinus includes around 40 species worldwide, of which 17 occur or are expected in Europe.

Fold umbrella ( Leucocoprinus ) in Europe

German name Scientific name Author quote Gold flaky pleated umbrella Leucocoprinus aureofloccosus (Hennings 1889) Bon 1981 Yellow pleated umbrella Leucocoprinus birnbaumii (Corda 1839) Singer 1962 ('1961') Black flaky pleated umbrella Leucocoprinus brebissonii (Godey 1874) Locquin 1943 Leucocoprinus canariensis P. Mohr & RM Dähncke 2004 Leucocoprinus castroi Blanco-Dios 2003 Onion-footed folding umbrella Leucocoprinus cepistipes (described as cepaestipes ) (Sowerby 1796: Frieze 1821) Patouillard 1889 Chalk-white or floury pleated umbrella Leucocoprinus cretatus (Bulliard 1788: Fries 1821) Locquin 1945 Dwarf pleated umbrella Leucocoprinus cygneus (JE Lange 1940) Receipt 1978 Leucocoprinus discoideus (Beeli 1936) Heinemann 1977 Fragile pleated umbrella Leucocoprinus fragilissimus (Ravenel 1853) Patouillard 1900 Purple-black pleated umbrella Leucocoprinus heinemannii Migliozzi 1987 Purple-scaly foldable umbrella Leucocoprinus ianthinus (Saccardo 1891) Locquin 1945 Droplet fold umbrella Leucocoprinus lanzonii Bon, Migliozzi & Brunori 1989 Purple-scaly foldable umbrella Leucocoprinus ianthinus (Saccardo 1891) Locquin 1945 Brownish-capped pleated umbrella Leucocoprinus magnusianus (Hennings 1891) Singer 1951 ('1949') Leucocoprinus mauritianus (Hennings 1908) P. Mohr 2004 Yellow humped pleated umbrella Leucocoprinus medioflavus (Boudier 1894) Bon 1976 Sulfur yellow or pale yellow folded umbrella Leucocoprinus straminellus (Baglietto 1865) Narducci & Caroti 1996

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  Yellow fold umbrella
  Leucocoprinus birnbaumii

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  Yellow fold umbrella
  Leucocoprinus birnbaumii

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  Black-flocked pleated umbrella
  Leucocoprinus brebissonii

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  Onion-
  footed parrot Leucocoprinus cepaestipes

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  Onion-
  footed parrot Leucocoprinus cepaestipes

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  Chalk- white wrinkle umbrella
  Leucocoprinus cretatus

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  Frail fold umbrella
  Leucocoprinus fraglissimus

Systematics

The genus is closely related to the Egerlingsschirmlingen ( Leucoagaricus ), the separation of the two genera is controversial.

meaning

The parapets are not considered edible mushrooms, some species are poisonous or suspected of being poisonous. Negative effects from their growth in flower pots or greenhouse beds are not to be expected.

swell

literature

• Achim Bollmann, Andreas Gminder , Peter Reil: List of illustrations of large European mushrooms . In: Yearbook of the Black Forest mushroom teaching show . 4th edition. Volume 2. Schwarzwälder Pilzlehrschau, 2007, ISSN  0932-920X (301 pages; directory of the color images of almost all large European mushrooms (> 5 mm) incl. CD with over 600 species descriptions).
• German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder : Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 4: Mushrooms. Blattpilze II. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-8001-3281-8 .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Paul M. Kirk, Paul F. Cannon, David W. Minter, JA Stalpers: Dictionary of the Fungi . 10th edition. CABI Europe, Wallingford, Oxfordshire (UK) 2008, ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8 (784 pages).
2. ↑ Eric Strittmatter: The genus Leucocoprinus . In: fungiworld.com. Mushroom Taxa Database. January 14, 2011, accessed on September 3, 2012 (including Update No. 92).  

Web links

Commons : Folded Umbrella ( Leucocoprinus )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files