Field greaves

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The districts of Beerenbusch, Feldgrieben and Wittwien of the city of Rheinsberg and the expired tar stove Gollinsofen on the Urmes table sheet 2843 Rheinsberg from 1825.

Field greaves are part of the municipality of Rheinsberg in the Ostprignitz-Ruppin district (Brandenburg). The medieval village fell desolate early on. The field mark was used as a heather. A Vorwerk was built here before 1753, which burned down this year. In 1754 the Vorwerk was rebuilt and four colonists were appointed.

location

Feldgrieben is located just under 5 km northeast of the core town of Rheinsberg am Wittwesee , the next place is the district of Beerenbusch, 1.7 km northwest. It can be reached via the Feldgriebener Weg from Wittwien and Beerenbusch. A smaller road leads through the village, first to the east, then to the south, where it joins the L15 (Menz-Rheinsberg). The place is 62  m above sea level. NHN .

history

The medieval village of Grieben is in the 14./15. Century. When it was first mentioned in 1530, it was already a desert field mark. Probably the Feldmark had not fallen completely desolate, because in the first mention it says the Velt zu Gryben , i. H. at least parts of the field mark continued to be used. The name derives from an aplb. Basic form * Grib'n, a place where there are mushrooms. A name transfer from Grieben ( Stendal district ) or Hohengrieben ( Altmarkkreis Salzwedel ), both located in the Altmark , cannot be ruled out. The medieval village of Grieben was not exactly on the site of today's part of the municipality, but 300 meters northwest on the edge of a meadow.

When it was first mentioned in 1530, the desert Feldmark belonged to the Lindow Monastery . When the monastery was secularized and transformed into an evangelical fräuleinstift, the monastery had little left of its original monastery property, which mostly passed into sovereign property (Lindow office). The desolate Feldmark Grieben was one such property. Until 1612 the middle class Schröder family held the Feldmark as a fief in Rheinsberg. They had a free boat on the Wittwesee, which had belonged to this Feldmark since ancient times . In addition, the field marrow was used as heather (honey extraction).

In 1613 Jobst (II.) Von Bredow in Rheinsberg, owner of the Rheinsberg lordship , came into possession of the desert field marrow greaves. He sold the Rheinsberg dominion in 1618 to Cuno von Lochow, Canon of Magdeburg. It is unclear whether the desert Feldmark Grieben was also sold. According to the historical local lexicon, the von Bredows zu Rheinsberg are said to have been in the possession of the desert Feldmark greaves until the middle of the 17th century. Jobst (II.) Von Bredow acquired the rule Neu Zauche and the rule Lübbenau in Lower Lusatia in 1623 ; and he was the elder of the Krummspreeischen Kreis there .

In 1753 the Vorwerk Grieben, later called Feld-Grieben or Feldgrieben, was already built and the tenant Johann Wegener from Pomerania had already cleared a lot of wood. In that year (1753) the Vorwerk burned down, but was rebuilt. He complained about the Fräuleinstift Lindow because of the hindrance in rebuilding its burned down building. A little later, Joachim Christian Wegener sought permission to set up foreign families as colonists on the Grieben field. The request was obviously granted, because in 1758 4 colonist families were already living in two semi-detached houses in Feldgrieben. The residents were churched in Rheinsberg. The size of the estate was given as 20 acres of barley land, 30 acres of oat land, 416 acres of 116 square rods 3 to 6 year old land and 50 acres of pine heather. The livestock was 10 cows and 400 sheep. Anton Friedrich Büsching therefore called field greaves in 1775 a sheep farm.

According to the monument topography, the owner of Meerkatzenheide Schulz acquired the Feldgriebener Feldmark in lease in 1756. Meerkatzenheide was later also called Wittwien . Disputes between the leaseholder Schulz and the councilor Johann Georg Stropp, the leaseholder of the Weißes Glashütte in Zechlin because of the establishment of Feldgrieben, date from the years 1757 to 1760 . Schulz is likely to have leased field greaves as well as the Meerkatzenheide Vorwerk until 1784. He was followed (until 1793) by the secret war council Siebmann, the bailiff of the Goldbeck office in Prignitz. In 1791–94 the Fräuleinstift Lindow sued him because he had entered Feldgrieben in the Stiftsgerichtshortshortbuchbuch .

From 1793 to 1801 (until 1803?) Feldgrieben was owned by Chevalier Stanislas Johann de Boufflers , who also owned the Meerkatzenheide estate (from 1818 Wittwien). The field was sown with 3 wisps of rye, 12 bushels of barley, 1 wispel, 12 bushels of oats, 12 bushels of peas, one wispel of potatoes, one wispel of buckwheat and one bushel of linseed. This included jaw sparing for 30 acres. Pasture and soil were considered bad. The residents were churched in Heinrichsdorf . The place consisted of three hearths (houses) in 1766 and had 27 inhabitants in 1766, 41 in 1785 and 21 in 1798. The total number of livestock was given for Wittwien and Greaves: 4 horses, 38 cattle, 400 sheep and 34 pigs. Johann Ernst Fabri gives three fireplaces with 20 inhabitants for 1767 and 41 inhabitants for 1787. For 1801, Bratring also mentions three campfire sites in field greaves with 6 graves and 33 residents. As the owner of field greaves he lists Chamber Councilor Zimmermann in Brandenburg an der Havel.

In 1812 the Fräuleinstift Lindow sued the heirs of the Schomer Secret Finance Council because of the arrears interest in the amount of 280 thalers from the villages of Feldgrieben and Beerenbusch. It is very likely that this refers to the Finance Councilor Johann George Carl Schomer (1741–1808).

The locality directory of the government district of Potsdam from 1817 describes Feldgrieben as the leasehold of the Lindow monastery. Owner was Frauenreisehaus stable manager of Wittken . The topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Potsdam and the city of Berlin from 1841 calls Feldgrieben a Vorwerk with three residential buildings and 27 residents. The owner of the Fräuleinstift zu Lindow is given. Berghaus names Rackow as an owner for 1850. This Rackow is already listed in the Official Gazette of 1849. At that time he wanted to lease the fishing on the Wittwesee; this also included a house and several acres of very beautiful garden areas and meadows. It was probably the fisherman's house at the southern end of the Witwesees lake, which is recorded in the Urmes table sheet from 1825. He had been the tenant of the neighboring Wittwien estate since 1838. However, in 1845 he had to sell it.

The local statistics of the government district Potsdam with the city of Berlin from 1861 (under Beerenbusch) recorded 3 residential buildings, 4 farm buildings and 24 residents. Riehl and Scheu give 3 houses and 23 residents.

In 1875 a landowner, Schall zu Feldgrieben, was appointed deputy fire extinguishing commissioner for the Menz district. According to the general address book of the manor and landowners in the German Empire from 1879, the Feldgrieben estate had a size of 735 hectares, of which 309 hectares were arable, 41 hectares of meadows, 98 hectares of Hutung, 116.5 hectares of forest and 169.5 hectares of water. The owner was a man named Klein. The "Handbuch des Grundbesitzes" from 1885 names an architect (Gustav) Krüger from Berlin as the owner. The property tax net income was set at 904 marks. However, the estate only had a size of 417 hectares, of which 166 hectares were arable, 81 hectares were meadows, 59 hectares were forest and 161 hectares were water. According to the Handbook of Real Estate from 1896, the size had decreased further to almost 403 hectares, of which only 100 hectares were arable, 68 hectares were meadows, 71 hectares were forest and 192 hectares were water. The owner was now called Gustav Krüger. The company had specialized in Dutch cattle and Yorkshire pigs. The goods address book of the province of Brandenburg by Paul Niekammer from 1907 again gives a size of 441 hectares. There were 12 horses, 35 cattle and 50 pigs on the farm. The owner was still Gustav Krüger. The manual of the property from 1910 now lists two goods in field greaves, both of which are owned by Oberförster a. D. Hubert Roth from Weteritz . One estate (Rittergut) had a size of 402 ha, the other a size of 417 ha. Here the Beerenbusch estate was counted as a field greave, as the following entry in Niekammer's address book for the province of Brandenburg from 1914 shows. The two estates Feldgrieben, Rittergut, with Bärenbusch measured together 862 ha. They both belonged to the senior forester a. D. Hubert Roth in Wetetitz (1871–1948), his grave is in the cemetery in Wolfenbüttel , where he died after being expelled from Weteritz. He had his property managed by an administrator named Stiddien. The ownership structure had not changed during the First World War. Only the administrator is now called studies. In Paul Niekammer's 1923 goods directory for the province of Brandenburg , he is again called Stiddien. 1929 is given as the owner Baron Ulrich / Olrich von der Osten-Sacken. He wanted to close the Wittwesee in 1938/40. The Osten-Sacken family was expelled in 1945.

Population development in Gollinsofen from 1767 to 1925
year 1767 1787 1798 1801 1817 1840 1858 1860 1882 1894 1925
Residents 20th 41 21st 33 12 27 24 24 15th 30th 8th

The manor house was then demolished. During the GDR era, the manor buildings were children's holiday camps. The former landlord Ulrich von Osten-Sacken is buried in the small forest cemetery near Feldgrieben. The small cemetery with four grave sites was uncovered and restored in 2008.

Communal history

Field greaves belonged to the Beerenbusch estate from the mid-19th century to 1928. With the dissolution of the manor districts, Feldgrieben was incorporated into Rheinsberg and has been part of Rheinsberg ever since. 1992 formed Rheinberg, along with 15 other municipalities, the Office Rheinberg . With the incorporation of the municipalities belonging to the office into the city of Rheinsberg and the dissolution of the office Rheinsberg, Feldgrieben became part of the municipality of Rheinsberg. It no longer has its own local authority.

Monuments and sights

The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg for the district of Ostprignitz-Ruppin lists an ice cellar northwest of the estate as the only architectural monument. The ice cellar in the style of an andhaus was built at the end of the 19th century.

literature

  • Lieselott Enders : Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part II: Ruppin . Weimar 1972, pp. 87-88 (hereinafter abbreviated to Enders, Historisches Ortslexikon, Ruppin with corresponding page number).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Ulrike Schwarz, Matthias Metzler / Author collective: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany, monuments in Brandenburg, Ostprignitz-Ruppin district. Part 2: Municipality of Fehrbellin, Amt Lindow (Mark) and city of Rheinsberg. Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms am Rhein 2003, ISBN 3-88462-191-2 , pp. 175–176.
  2. ^ Karl von Lochow: History of the Lochow family. Verlag Starke, Görlitz 1940.
  3. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Complaint from tenant Johann Wegener zu Feldgrieben about the Lindow monastery due to hindrance in the reconstruction of its burned-down buildings, request from Joachim Christian Wegener from Pomerania for an extension on the Feldgrieben, building of the Feldmark by apposition. 1747-1771.
  4. ↑ a b c Enders, Historisches Ortslexikon, Ruppin, p. 88.
  5. ^ Anton Friedrich Büsching : Complete topography of the Mark Brandenburg . Verlag der Buchhandlung der Realschule, Berlin 1775, online at Google Books , p. 105
  6. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: disputes between the businessman Schulze and the Kommerzienrat Stropp because of the establishment of field greaves; 1757-1760.
  7. ^ Gerrit Friese, Karin Friese: Glassworks in Brandenburg. City and District Museum, Eberswalde-Finow 1992 (no ISBN specified), p. 41.
  8. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Complaint by the Fräuleinstift Lindow against the secret war council Siebmann because of the entry of the Feldgrieben property in the monastery court mortgage book. 1791-1794.
  9. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : The Graffschaft Ruppin in historical, statistical and geographical terms. Gottfried Hayn, Berlin 1799, online at Google Books , p. 558
  10. ^ A b Johann Ernst Fabri : Improvements and supplements in respect of the Graffschaft Ruppin. On the Büsching topography of the Mark Brandenburg. In: magazine for geography, national studies and history. Volume 3, Raspesche Buchhandlung, Nuremberg 1797, online at Google Books , pp. 271-311, especially p. 306.
  11. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. Second volume. Containing the Mittelmark and Ukermark. Maurer, Berlin 1805, online at Google Books , p. 54
  12. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Complaint by the Lindow Monastery against the heirs of the Schomer Secret Finance Council because of the backward canon of 280 Talers from the villages of Feldgrieben and Bärenbusch, 1812.
  13. ^ Rolf Straubel : Biographical manual of the Prussian administrative and judicial officials 1740–1806 / 15 . In: Historical Commission to Berlin (Ed.): Individual publications . 85. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 , pp. 905 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  14. ↑ Ortschafts = directory of the government = district of Potsdam according to the latest district division from 1817, with a note of the district to which the place previously belonged, the quality, number of people, confession, ecclesiastical circumstances, owner and address, along with an alphabetical register . Georg Decker, Berlin 1817 (without pagination) online at Google Books
  15. ↑ August von Sellentin: Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Potsdam and the city of Berlin: Compiled from official sources. Verlag der Sander'schen Buchhandlung, 1841, Central and State Library Berlin: Link to the digitized version , p. 143
  16. ^ Heinrich Karl Wilhelm Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in the middle of the 19th century; or geographical-historical-statistical description of the Province of Brandenburg, at the instigation of the State Minister and Upper President Flottwell. First volume. Printed and published by Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1854, online at Google Books , p. 616
  17. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin. Public Gazette for the 22nd part of the Official Journal, June 1, 1849, p. 297, online at Google Books
  18. ^ Carl von Eickstedt: Contributions to a newer land book of the Brandenburg brands: prelates, knights, cities, fiefdoms, or Roßdienst and fiefdom. Creutz, Magdeburg 1840, online at Google Books , p. 501.
  19. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin. Public Gazette for the 20th piece, May 18, 1845, p. 203, online at Google Books
  20. ↑ Richard Boeckh: Local statistics of the government district Potsdam with the city of Berlin. Verlag von Dietrich Reimer, Berlin 1861, p. 206 (under Charlottenthal)
  21. ^ Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl , J. Scheu (Hrsg.): Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence . Scheu, Berlin 1861, online at Google Books , p. 241
  22. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin. 38th piece, September 17, 1875, p. 315, online at Google Books
  23. ^ Paul Ellerholz, H. Lodemann, H. von Wedell: General address book of the manor and estate owners in the German Empire. With details of the properties, their size (in Culturart), their net income from property tax, their tenants, branches of industry and post offices. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery The Province of Brandenburg. Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung R. Stricker, Berlin 1879, PDF , pp. 158–159.
  24. ^ Paul Ellerholz: Handbook of real estate in the German Empire. With indication of all goods, their quality, their size (in culture type); your property tax net income; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Postal stations; Breeding of special cattle, exploitation of livestock etc. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery: Province of Brandenburg. 2nd improved edition, Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin 1885, pp. 258-259.
  25. ↑ Paul Ellerholz, Ernst Kirstein, Traugott Müller, W. Gerland and Georg Volger: Handbuch des Grundbesitz im Deutschen Reiche. With indication of all goods, their quality, their size and type of culture; your property tax net income; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Post, telegraph and railroad stations; Breeding of special breeds of animals; Exploitation of the livestock etc. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery: Province of Brandenburg. 3rd improved edition, Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin 1896, pp. 242–243.
  26. ^ Paul Niekammer (ed.): Goods address book of the province of Brandenburg. List of all goods with details of the property's properties, the net income from property tax, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, all industrial facilities and telephone connections, details of the property, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their removal from the estate, the Protestant and Catholic parishes, the registry office districts, the city or administrative districts, the chamber, regional and local courts, the Landwehr districts as well as an alphabetical register of places and persons and a manual of the royal authorities of the province. Paul Niekammer, Stettin, Leipzig 1907, pp. 74–75.
  27. ↑ Reinhold Reichert, Royal Authorities and Chamber of Agriculture for the Province of Brandenburg (Ed.): Handbook of real estate in the German Empire. Brandenburg Province. 5th completely revised edition. Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung R. Stricker, Berlin 1910, pp. 330–331
  28. ^ Ernst Seyfert (ed.): Goods address book for the province of Brandenburg. List of all manors, estates and larger farms in the province with details of the property properties, the net income from property tax, the total area and area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, all industrial facilities and telephone connections, details of the property, tenants and administrators of the Post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the estate, the Protestant and Catholic parishes, the registry office districts, the city and administrative districts, the higher regional, regional and local courts, an alphabetical register of places and persons, the manual of the royal authorities as well a map of the province of Brandenburg at a scale of 1: 1,000,000. Reichenbach'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Leipzig 1914, pp. 120–121.
  29. ↑ R. Stricker, with the participation of the authorities and chambers of agriculture (ed.): Handbuch des Grundbesitzes im Deutschen Reiche. Brandenburg Province. Complete address book of all manors, estates and larger farms with details of the owners, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the property, as well as the telephone connections, the property property, the property tax net income, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, livestock exploitation, animal breeding and special crops, industrial facilities, courts and administrative districts, along with an alphabetical register of places and persons, an overview of the agricultural and structural conditions of the respective part of the country, a directory of the agricultural authorities and associations, cooperatives and industrial companies, as well as an exact map. 6th completely revised edition, Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung, Berlin 1921, pp. 224–225.
  30. ^ Oskar Koehler (arrangement), Kurt Schleising (introduction): Niekammer's agricultural goods address books. Agricultural goods address book of the province of Brandenburg: List of all manors, estates and larger farms in the province of approx. 30 hectares upwards with details of property properties, net income from property tax, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, all industrial plants and the telephone connections, information about the property, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the property, the Protestant and Catholic parishes, the registry office districts, the city and official districts, the higher regional, regional and local courts, one alphabetical place and person registers, the manual of the royal authorities and a map in the scale 1: 175.0000. Reichenbach'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Leipzig 1923, pp. 70–71.
  31. ↑ Ernst Seyfert, Hans Wehner, Alexander Haußknecht, Ludwig Hogrefe (eds.): Agricultural address book of the manors, estates and farms of the province of Brandenburg: List of all manors, estates and farms from approx. 20 ha upwards with information on the property, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, the livestock, the company's own industrial facilities and telephone connections, details of the owners, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the property, the regional and local courts, an alphabetical register of places and persons , a directory of the most important government agencies and agencies, agricultural associations and corporations. 4th increased and improved edition, Verlag von Niekammer's address books, Leipzig, 1929 (Niekammer's goods address books Volume VII)
  32. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Request from Baron Ulrich von der Osten-Sacken in Feldgrieben, Kr. Ruppin, to close the Witwesees; 1938-1940.
  33. ^ Gustav Neumann, Wilhelm Keil: Neumanns Orts-Lexikon des Deutschen Reichs: a geographical-statistical reference book for German regional studies. Bibliographisches Institut, 1894, snippet from Google Books , p. 207
  34. ^ Otto Lehnerdt: Alphabetical directory of the German Empire. First volume, R. von Grumbkow, Dresden 1881.
  35. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Messow: Topographical-statistical manual of the Prussian state. Volume 1, Verlag der Gebrüder Baensch, Magdeburg & Leipzig 1858, online at Google Books , p. 245
  36. ↑ Stadtgeschichte Rheinsberg eV From the thicket to light - history - many curious people came to the unveiling of an information board at the restored Feldgrieben forest cemetery (Ruppiner Tageblatt)
  37. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: Landkreis Ostprignitz-Ruppin (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum

Coordinates: 53 ° 8 '  N , 12 ° 57'  E