Ferdinand Gottfried von Herder

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ferdinand Gottfried von Herder, photo of the obituary in the Kaiserslauter Illustrated "Zeitbilder" (No. 25, July 19, 1896)
Ferdinand von Herder, obituary notice from the Grünstadter Zeitung No. 132, dated June 8, 1896
Grave in the Grünstadt cemetery , November 2009

Ferdinand Gottfried Theobald Max von Herder (* February 2, 1828 in Bayreuth ; † June 7, 1896 in Grünstadt , full name Ferdinand Gottfried Theobald Maximilian von Herder ) was an important botanist , from 1856 to 1891 in a leading position at the Botanical Garden in St. Petersburg, where he was promoted to Imperial Russian Councilor. He is the grandson of the famous poet Johann Gottfried von Herder and lived in retirement in Grünstadt in the Rhine Palatinate . His botanical author abbreviation is " Herder ".

Life

Ferdinand Gottfried von Herder was born as the son of the royal Bavarian forest clerk Emil Ernst Gottfried von Herder (the poet's son) and his wife Louise born. Huber born. Louise Huber, for her part, came from the connection between the writer Ludwig Ferdinand Huber and Therese Huber , who was very well known at the time , daughter of Christian Gottlob Heyne from Göttingen.

The parents had married in Günzburg in 1813, lived in Munich and separated as early as 1816. They found each other again in 1819, remarried in 1822 and lived at the husband's place of work. Ferdinand Gottfried von Herder was born in Bayreuth in 1828 as the fourth of five children. In 1831, when the last child Adele von Herder was born in Augsburg, the mother died of puerperal fever . That is why her stepsister Therese Forster raised the children, even after Emil von Herder moved with them to Erlangen in 1841 due to work .

Ferdinand Gottfried von Herder completed his school days at grammar schools in Erlangen, Bayreuth and Bamberg. In Bamberg he belonged to a forbidden school association. From 1846 he studied law , later also natural sciences in Erlangen, then in Heidelberg , where he also passed his exams. During his studies in 1846 he became a member of the Concordia fraternity or the gray fraternity , in 1847 the old Heidelberg fraternity Franconia and in 1849 the fraternity Germania Erlangen . Herder took an active part in the Baden Revolution in 1849 and was u. a. the adjutant Lorenz Brentanos . After the failure of the uprising, he fled to Switzerland, but returned believing that the amnesty that was subsequently issued would also apply to him. He was arrested in his father's apartment and taken to pretrial detention in Zweibrücken in the Palatinate . After a few months the local court acquitted him, but his good reputation was gone and he was refused state legal approval, which ended his career in this regard before it had really started; in 1852 he was in Erlangen for Dr. iur. been awarded a doctorate .

So Herder went to Switzerland again. From 1853 he studied botany in Zurich , married and in 1856 was appointed to the Botanical Garden of Saint Petersburg . From 1860 he worked here as a curator, from 1868 to 1891 he held the post of librarian of the renowned specialist library there; he also published specialist botanical literature himself. Carl Gustav Carus , President of the German Academy of Natural Scientists "Leopoldina" , received his doctorate on June 9, 1863 as Dr. phil. , on November 2, 1864, the Academy accepted him as a full member. Ferdinand Gottfried von Herder was highly respected in professional circles, advanced to the position of "Imperial Russian Court Councilor", he was awarded national and foreign medals and many institutions accepted him as an honorary member in their ranks. a. the " Free German Hochstift ". In his former university town of Heidelberg, the Frankonia fraternity made him an honorary member in 1886; He had been a member of the previous organization ( Alte Heidelberger Burschenschaft Frankonia ) since his studies in 1846.

In 1892 Herder returned permanently to Germany because of the health of his wife. Since his sister Adele (married to the district doctor Karl Wilhelm von Kuby) was living in Freinsheim in the Palatinate at the time , the Herder couple settled in the nearby town of Grünstadt. Mrs. von Herder died soon afterwards; the botanist remained in the Palatinate as a widower. He was involved in the board of the Palatinate natural history association " Pollichia " and eventually became its chairman. Otherwise he lived very withdrawn and modest. In the last years of his life he suffered from a severe heart condition, from which he died in Grünstadt in 1896. He was buried in the city cemetery and his grave has been preserved there to this day.

Ferdinand Gottfried von Herder also published parts of the correspondence of his famous grandfather Johann Gottfried von Herder in several books.

Obituary from the Grünstadter Zeitung dated June 8, 1896 (with different date and place of birth)

Writings and works

  • "Letters from Goethe and the most important poets of his time to Herder" , edited by Heinrich Düntzer and Ferdinand Gottfried von Herder, 1858
  • “From and to Herder. Unprinted letters from Herder's estate ” , edited by Heinrich Düntzer and Ferdinand Gottfried von Herder. 3 vol., Leipzig 1861–1862
  • "Enumeratio, plantarum in regionibus cis- et transiliensibus a Cl. Semenovio, Anno 1857 Collectarum “ , (Latin language), Saint Petersburg, 1864–69
  • "Remarks on the most important trees, shrubs and perennials of the Imperial Botanical Garden in St. Petersburg and the St. Petersburg Flora" , 134 pages, Moscow, Imperial University, 1865.
  • "Catalogus systematicus bibliothecae Horti Imperialis Botanici Petropolitani" , (Latin language), Saint Petersburg, 1886

literature

  • Viktor Carl: "Lexicon of Palatinate Personalities" , Hennig Verlag, Edenkoben, 2004, ISBN 3-9804668-5-X , page 353 u. 354
  • Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Sub-Volume 2: F-H. Winter, Heidelberg 1999, ISBN 3-8253-0809-X , pp. 304-305.
  • Walter Lampert: "1100 Years of Grünstadt" , Grünstadt City Administration, 1975, page 378
  • Obituary and obituary in: "Grünstadter Zeitung" , No. 132, dated June 8, 1896
  • Report on the burial in: "Grünstadter Zeitung" , No. 134, from June 10, 1896
  • Obituary in: “Zeitbilder” , illustrated supplement to the “Palatinate Press” , Kaiserslautern , No. 25, from July 19, 1896.
  • Botanist and librarian for the Tsars: Ferdinand von Herder buried 100 years ago in Grünstadt / by Martin G. Nickol. In: Homeland yearbook of the Bad Dürkheim district. - 15 (1997), pp. 234-236.
  • Irmgard Roebling and Wolfram Mauser: “Mother and Motherhood” , page 135, Königshausen and Neumann Verlag, Würzburg 1996, ISBN 3-8260-1212-7 ; Scan of the section about the education of Gottfried Ferdinand and Adele von Herder

Web links

Commons : Ferdinand Gottfried von Herder  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Walter Lampert, "1100 Years of Grünstadt", page 378
  2. ↑ Website for the library of the Botanical Garden in St. Petersburg, with mention of Herder under point 3, "Catalogs"
  3. ^ Member entry of Ferdinand von Herder at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on November 26, 2015.
  4. ^ Directory of members of the Frankonia fraternity in Heidelberg. 1956-1966. Heidelberg 1966, pp. 6, 19.
  5. ^ Commemorative page of the Frankonia Heidelberg fraternity for Ferdinand Gottfried Herder
personal data
SURNAME Herder, Ferdinand Gottfried von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Herder (botanical author abbreviation); Herder, Ferdinand Gottfried Theobald Max von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German botanist
DATE OF BIRTH February 2, 1828
PLACE OF BIRTH Bayreuth
DATE OF DEATH June 7, 1896
Place of death Grünstadt