Fyodor Grigoryevich Orlov

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Fyodor Grigoryevich Orlov, depicted as General en Chef (painting by Dmitri Grigoryevich Levitsky , 1785)

Count Fjodor Grigorjewitsch Orlov ( Russian Фёдор Григо́рьевич Орло́в , scientific transliteration Fedor Grigor'evič Orlov ; * February 8th July / February 19,  1741 greg .; † May 17 jul. / May 28,  1796 greg. In Moscow ) was a senior officer in the Russian army .

Life

Orlov came from the Russian noble family Orlow . He was born as the son of Grigory Ivanovich Orlov ( Russian Григорий Иванович Орлов ) (1685–1746), the governor of Novgorod Veliky, and his wife Lukerja Ivanovna Zinovieva ( Russian Лукерья Иверья Иванов ) (also had four famous brothers: 17 * вевиав ) Grigori (1734–1783), Alexei (1737–1808), Iwan (1733–1791) and Vladimir (1743–1831).

Orlov served after attending the cadet school in the Semyonovskoye bodyguard regiment with the rank of captain . He took part in both the Seven Years' War and the 5th Russian Turkish War. With his brothers he was planning the coup against Emperor Peter III. involved on July 9, 1762. Orlov let Razumovsky in on the overturn plans. He wanted to mobilize the Izmailovsky bodyguard regiment of the Russian Guard and, as president of the Russian Academy of Sciences, print public statements in Saint Petersburg . After the successful Coup d'État , he was elevated to the rank of count on September 22nd, together with his brothers . In 1764 he was made Knight of the Alexander Nevsky Order . From 1767 he was commissioned with others to draft a new code of law. In 1770 he left civil service and joined the squadron of Admiral Spiridonow ( Russian Григорий Андреевич Спиридов ) and was awarded for his participation in the conquest of the fortress in the Sea Battle of Cesme . He was promoted to lieutenant general and received the diamond-studded golden sword for bravery . In January 1772 he returned to St. Petersburg . On September 22, 1772 he was awarded the Commander's Cross (2nd class) of the Russian Order of St. George . In 1775 he left the Russian army with the rank of general en chef .

progeny

Orlow was not married, but had six sons and two daughters with the daughter of a Moscow merchant Elisabeth Michailovna Gustjatnikovaja (Popova?) (1756-1791) and the colonel wife Tatiana Fedorovna Yaroslavova , who were later legalized and on April 27, 1796 by the empress Catherine II received permission to use the name of the Orlov family without the title of count:

  • Anna Fjodorovna Orlowa (Yaroslavova) (born February 8, 1741; ⚭ Alexander Michailowitsch Bezobrazow): illegitimate daughter with the Colonel's wife Tatiana Fedorovna Yaroslavova .
  • Vladimir Fyodorowitsch Orlow (born February 8, 1741; † died as a child).
  • Alexei Fjodorowitsch Orlov (born October 19, 1786 in Moscow ; ⚭ 1826 Olga Alexandrovna Zherebtsova (Orlova) (1807-1880); † May 21, 1861 in St. Petersburg ): June 11, 1833 general of the cavalry ; 1856 raised to the rank of prince; from 1856 to 1860 chairman of the Council of State and the Council of Ministers.
  • Mikhail Fyodorovich Orlow (born April 5, 1788 in Moscow ; ⚭ 1821 Ekaterina Nikolaevna Raevskaya (Orlova) (born April 10, 1797; † January 22, 1885), † March 31, 1842 in Moscow): son out of wedlock with the Colonel's wife Tatyana Fyodorovna Yaroslavova , who, together with other brothers, was confirmed as the legal heir after the death of his father. April 2, 1814: major general; Participation in the Decembrist uprising.
  • Gregorij Fjodorowitsch Orlow (1790; ⚭ after 1825 with the French actress Virginia Ventzel (Orlova) ; † 1853 in Florence ): June 25, 1818 Colonel; Participant in the Fourth Coalition War in 1807 and the Russian campaign in 1812 ; was wounded several times and lost a leg; November 11, 1819, released for convalescence; Discharged from the army on 6 January 1825 with full salary as a war disabled; Moved abroad (first Paris, later Florence).
  • Elisabeth Fjodorovna Orlowa (* 1791; † 1796).
  • Fyodor Fyodorowitsch Orlow (* 1792; ∞ Anna M. Naumov (Orlova) (1799–1868); † 1835): from 1832 retired colonel , later lieutenant general .

Awards

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ cf. Simon Sebag Montefiore : The Romanows: Splendor and Fall of the Tsarist Dynasty 1613-1918, Frankfurt am Main: S. Fischer, 2016, ISBN 978-3-10-050610-8
  2. ↑ cf. Joachim Winsmann (Hrsg.): Dekabristenlexikon: Die Dekabristen von AZ, Berlin: epubil, 2009.
personal data
SURNAME Orlov, Fyodor Grigoryevich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Орло́в, Фёдор Григо́рьевич
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian officer
DATE OF BIRTH February 19, 1741
DATE OF DEATH May 28, 1796
Place of death Moscow