Boeblingen Airport
| Boeblingen Airport | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Characteristics | |
| Coordinates | |
| Height above MSL | 428 m (1404 ft ) |
| Transport links | |
| Distance from the city center | 17 km southwest of Stuttgart |
| Street | A 81 |
| train | Gäubahn (Stuttgart – Singen) |
| Basic data | |
| opening | 1915 |
| operator | most recently US Army |
| surface | 80 ha |
| Start-and runway | |
| last heliport | |
The airport Böblingen , as the airport Stuttgart-Böblingen called, is a former military and civilian airport. From 1915 to 1918 used by the military, he was from April 1925 to the commissioning of the airport Stuttgart-Echterdingen in 1939 the commercial airport of Stuttgart . The site is located north-west of Böblingen and south of the Mercedes-Benz plant in Sindelfingen , between Autobahn 81 and the Gäubahn . In the meantime, the area is being redeveloped under the name Flugfeld as a joint district of Sindelfingen and Böblingen.
Böblingen Air Base (1915–1918)
The first landing near what will later be the airport can be proven in June 1914, when an aircraft from the Pfalz-Flugzeugwerke had to make an emergency landing “on the road to Dagersheim ”. A year later, in June 1915 the German Reich bought for about 400,000 Reichsmarks (according to today's purchasing power 1,208,000 EUR) 100 hectares of land in Boeblingen and Sindelfingen district, around there one air base to build. Immediately next to the air base, the construction of an aircraft factory for Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft began in October 1915, and production began in spring 1917. The air base was used until the end of the First World War , before all civil and military air traffic had to be suspended with the Treaty of Versailles . Most of the buildings of the former air base were subsequently demolished, but the area remained as a whole in the property of the Reich and was used for agriculture.
State Airport Stuttgart-Böblingen (1925–1938)
In 1924 a flight school was set up on the site, which in 1925 became the Süddeutsche Sportflug-Gesellschaft . On November 15, 1924, Luftverkehr Württemberg AG (LUWAG) was founded by the people of Württemberg , the city of Stuttgart, banks and industrial companies. LUWAG was provided with start-up capital of 700,000 Reichsmarks (2,903,000 euros based on today's purchasing power) and pursued the goal of building and operating a state airport. The Cannstatter Wasen was also discussed as a location, but ultimately Böblingen was chosen. In 1925, the Stuttgart-Böblingen State Airport was built within a few months, the site was leveled and a wooden reception building and an aircraft hangar were built. The airport was opened by President Eugen Bolz . The first scheduled airliner to land on April 20, 1925, was a Dornier Merkur ; in the summer of 1925, 2,271 aircraft movements and 4,097 passengers were counted
Both Deutsche Aero-Lloyd and Junkers Luftverkehr , the predecessors of what would later become Deutsche Luft Hansa , opened an office at the airport, and in 1926 LUWAG had 13 employees at the airport. On April 6, 1926, the first scheduled flight of the newly founded Luft Hansa from Berlin to Zurich via Böblingen (via Halle and Erfurt) was opened, later destinations from Böblingen included London , Amsterdam , Oslo , Moscow , Bucharest , Rome , Madrid and Paris . In 1926 Hanns Klemm built a hall for light aircraft construction on the airport grounds . Planning for a new reception building had already begun in October 1925; the new Bauhaus- style building was finally inaugurated in 1928 and also included administrative rooms and an airport hotel. In 1929 an aircraft hangar was added to the building complex.
On November 3, 1929, the rigid airship LZ 127 "Graf Zeppelin" landed in Böblingen for the first time and attracted around 100,000 onlookers. On September 18, 1930, aerial acrobat Fritz Schindler was killed during the rehearsal for the flight day in Stuttgart , whereupon aerial acrobatics was banned in the Reich. In 1932, the then NSDAP chairman, Adolf Hitler, was "greeted with a storm" at Böblingen Airport. In addition to normal flight operations, the Böblinger Flugtag established itself . On February 3, 1934, Luft Hansa started the first scheduled airmail connection to South America. Coming from Berlin, the route led via Böblingen with numerous stopovers, including Seville , Bathurst and the catapult ship Westfalen, to Buenos Aires . From April 23, 1936, the connection via Böblingen was discontinued.
In 1935, 184,280 passengers used Böblingen Airport and the capacity limit was reached. In December 1936 it was decided to build a new airport at the current location near Echterdingen . In 1938 the airport was converted into an air base, but until the start of the war in September 1939 there was still civil air traffic parallel to military use.
Böblingen Air Base (1938–1945)
In April 1939, the first fighter group was relocated to the Böblingen air base after an air base barracks had previously been built next to the airport site. At times the company stationed at the air base was up to 400 men strong. From October 1941 to August 1943 an aircraft pilot's school was also set up in Böblingen. The first major bombing raid on the air base and the adjoining Daimler-Benz plant took place on the night of October 7th to 8th, 1943, and after that both were repeatedly the target of Allied air raids.
Use after the Second World War
After the end of the war, the airport was taken over by the US armed forces and flight operations ceased. Among other things, an internment camp for prisoners of war , a reception camp for displaced persons and a repair shop for tanks and trucks of the US armed forces were set up on the site. The operator of the repair shop was initially the US Army, from June 1948 the management was taken over by Daimler-Benz. For this purpose, the subsidiary Reparaturwerk Böblingen GmbH was founded, which later became part of Daimler-Benz Services GmbH . In 1956, the Bundeswehr moved into the barracks buildings of the air base, and in 1965 this part of the site was renamed Wildermuth barracks . The last battalion withdrew in 1993, and today the Stuttgart Federal Police Directorate and the Institute for Education and Training, the Baden-Württemberg Police College, are located here.
As early as the 1980s, large parts of the area were used as pastureland, after the repair shop was closed in 1989 and the US armed forces left the former airport in 1992, the area was almost completely fallow. In 2002 a special purpose association of the cities of Böblingen and Sindelfingen joined forces, bought the area from the Federal Republic of Germany , decontaminated and disposed of ammunition residues and developed it. Since then it has become a new residential and business district, where the new joint hospital for Böblingen and Sindelfingen is also to be built.
As a whole, the former airport is a cultural monument for reasons of local history and scientific (especially architectural and traffic history) reasons according to the Monument Protection Act , the non-listed buildings on the south side have since been demolished.
Others
In 1929, in the course of the construction of the north-south line by Großkraftwerk Württemberg AG , a legal dispute arose: Originally, the line was supposed to run over a short distance in the immediate vicinity of the airport and would have endangered air traffic. Instead, the line was routed at a large distance from the airport west of Maichingen, Darmsheim and north of Ehningen. This legal dispute is likely to have been one of the first in Germany to deal with the threat to air traffic.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Development plan "Former airport area Böblingen / Sindelfingen" (PDF; 110 kB) Archived from the original on January 5, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 7, 2009.
- ↑ a b c Böblingen riot police: From airfield to barracks 1914 to 1993 - creation and occupancy of the Fliegerhorst / Wildermuth barracks . Accessed on October 14, 2009. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Horst Zecha: From the history of the Daimler plant in Sindelfingen (PDF; 137 kB) Retrieved on October 15, 2009.
- ↑ a b c d time travel BB - Landesflughafen 1925-1939 . Retrieved October 14, 2009.
- ↑ a b c Franz Biekert: 75 years of Stuttgart Airport - From sheep pasture with landing facilities to modern transport service provider (PDF; 221 kB) State capital Stuttgart, Statistical Office. October 1999. Retrieved October 26, 2009.
- ↑ a b c Flughafen Stuttgart GmbH: Flyer, edition 9/1999 . 1999. Archived from the original on April 1, 2010. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 26, 2009.
- ↑ Zweckverband Flugfeld: From the beginnings to the state airfield . 2008. Retrieved October 26, 2009.
- ↑ a b c Baudezernat Stadt Böblingen: Architecture and Urban Planning in Böblingen (PDF; 4.6 MB) 2003. Archived from the original on August 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 28, 2009.
- ↑ Böblingen Airport . Retrieved October 20, 2009.
- ↑ Reinhard Knoblich: Graf Zeppelin LZ 127 . Retrieved October 28, 2009.
- ^ Böblinger Bote: Report on the landing of Hitler . District Media Center of the Boeblingen district. 1932. Retrieved October 28, 2009.
- ↑ Reinhard Knoblich: South America . Retrieved October 28, 2009.
- ↑ a b c d Time travel BB - Garrison from 1936 . Retrieved October 5, 2009.
- ↑ Michael Holm: Aviation School A / B 112 . 2003. Retrieved October 20, 2009.
- ^ Regional studies and regional history in the district of Böblingen: War damage in Baden-Württemberg 1939-1945 . 1998. Archived from the original on August 28, 2009. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 20, 2009.
- ^ Air raids at Böblingen Airport . Retrieved October 20, 2009.
- ^ Mercedes-Benz Museum: Chronicle 1941-1950 . Archived from the original on August 26, 2010. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 26, 2009.
- ↑ Daimler-Benz AG: Annual Report 1983 (PDF; 5.7 MB) Archived from the original on December 9, 2008. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 7, 2009.
- ^ Zweckverband Flugfeld Böblingen / Sindelfingen: Statutes . March 11, 2002. Retrieved October 26, 2009.
- ↑ landesarchiv-bw.de
