František Ladislav Čelakovský

František Ladislav Čelakovský, lithograph by Josef Bekel, 1841

František Ladislav Čelakovský (pseudonym Marcian Hromotluk ) (born March 7, 1799 in Strakonice , † August 5, 1852 in Prague ) was a Slavist, Czech poet and translator.

Life

From 1812 he attended high school in České Budějovice , then in Linz on the Danube, then he studied philology at the University of Prague and in Linz. Because of financial difficulties, he went back to České Budějovice / Budweis in South Bohemia. There he ran into problems because he read works by the Czech reformer Jan Hus . He lived from 1821 to 1829 as a translator and tutor. In 1830 he received an offer from Russia , together with Pavel Josef Šafařík and Václav Hanka in Saint Petersburg, a Slavic oneTo set up a library, which they should then also manage. A short time later, Čelakovský became a librarian with Rudolf Fürst Kinsky in the Goltz-Kinsky Palace in Prague with a fixed salary until 1842 .

From 1828 he worked in the editorial department of the Prague Consortium, in 1833 in the editorial office of the Prager Zeitung, whose supplement Panoptikum (Rozmanitosti) he redesigned in 1834 into the weekly newspaper Česká Wčela , which then appeared as an independent magazine. He had to leave this editorial office after a denunciation in Vienna when a critical article about the Russian tsar became known.

Following his work as a librarian for the Kinsky family, he became an associate professor of Slavic languages ​​and literature at the University of Breslau in 1843 and then, in 1849, professor of Czech language and literature at the Charles University in Prague .

Čelakovský was the father of the botanist Ladislav Josef Čelakovský and the legal historian Jaromír Čelakovský . His grandson was the botanist Ladislav František Čelakovský , his granddaughter Marie Tůmová , a Czech and later also a Czechoslovak teacher and women's rights activist.

Works

He wrote several volumes of poetry, of which The Hundred Petal Rose (Růže stolistá) is one of the best known. The echo of Russian songs (Ohlasy písní ruských) was inspired by Russian Bylina (Russian epic stories). Held is a rich, young, handsome man who stands out from the crowd with his bravery and fights against evil alongside the common people. The story takes place when the Turks and Tatars attacked Russia around 1400 . The echo of the Bohemian songs (Ohlasy písní českých), on the other hand, is not a heroic epic, but rather a humorous-lyrical love poetry. Many of his books contain illustrations by Adolf Kašpar .

He published Slavic songs from Bohemia, Moravia and Slovakia, which he dedicated to Václav Hanka. He also translated folk songs from Russian, Serbian and Lithuanian. His best known translations include works by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , Walter Scott and Johann Gottfried Herder .

literature

• Jakub Josef Dominik Malý : František Ladislav Čelakovský, 1852.
• Constantin von Wurzbach : Čelakovsky, Franz Ladislaus . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 2nd part. Publishing house of the typographic-literary-artistic establishment (L. C. Zamarski, C. Dittmarsch & Comp.), Vienna 1857, pp. 315-319 ( digitized version ).
• Čelakovský František Lad .. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 1, Publishing House of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1957, p. 139 f. (Direct links on p. 139 , p. 140 ).
• Biographical encyclopedia on the history of the Bohemian countries, published on behalf of the Collegium Carolinum (Institute) by Heribert Sturm , Volume I (A – H), R. Oldenbourg Verlag Munich Vienna 1979, page 186.

Web links

Commons : František Ladislav Čelakovský  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Literature by and about František Ladislav Čelakovský in the catalog of the German National Library