Franz Andreas Threyne
Franz Andreas Threyne (born September 10, 1888 in Cologne , † October 26, 1965 in Freiburg im Breisgau ) was a German sculptor .
Life and works
After an apprenticeship as an architectural sculptor in Cologne, which he had to interrupt for two years due to an accident at work, Threyne studied with Georg Grasegger at the Cologne art school from 1912 until the outbreak of World War I.
After his time as a soldier, Threyne completed a degree at the state art and trade school in Königsberg , where Hermann Brachert was one of his teachers . It was then that he began to work with ceramic architectural sculpture. From this time came a number of burnt tiles that adorned the soffits of the customs building in Königsberg and treated the subject of "customs officers" in a humorous way. Threyne continued his studies from 1921 in Munich under Josef Wackerle , and then returned to East Prussia , where he continued his training in Cadinen . He participated in the establishment of a ceramics department at the art and trade school; He also worked for four years as a draftsman at the R. Herrmann furniture factory.
Ceramic works by Threynes were found at or in the Sackheimer, the Altstädter and the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church in Königsberg, as well as the Kneiphöfsche Stadtgymnasium and the restaurant of the Nordbahnhof were decorated with ceramics by Threynes. In the sales room of the Schwermer confectionery, several 70 cm high ceramic musicians and dancers that Threyne had created stood on consoles.
In 1926 he received a teaching post at the Königsberg art and trade school. From 1933 or 1936 he worked as a freelancer, in 1940 he became a professor in Königsberg, according to Silke Osman, according to another source, he did not have a teaching position again in Königsberg until 1944. At Thieme / Becker nothing is noted about his teaching activity.
His works include plastic representations for the Königsberg Opera House , such as a fire-gilded bronze bust of the composer Otto Nicolai , and for the children's clinic of the university clinic there. He also created sculptures for the pilgrimage church of Cressen . For the Pregel telephone office in Königsberg, he designed reliefs with the title The connection between people through the telephone . They were installed on both sides of the portal in 1928. The main entrance of the Raiffeisenhaus, built in 1936/37 on General-Litzmann-Straße in Königsberg, was decorated with two 3.20-meter-high bronze colossal figures of Threynes, which were arranged around the corner and represented the sowing and harvest .
The statues of Duke Albrecht (1928/30), Bishop Georg von Polenz , Johann Poliander and Johannes Amandus also had monumental proportions . In 1936/37 he created two more large sculptures, chased in copper , for Bartenstein, where Threynes also made a work of sandstone . His colossal warrior and a horse leader were set up in Prussian Holland .
After he had already created a war memorial for Königsberg during the Weimar Republic, a war memorial with a larger than life bronze figure for Mühlhausen followed in 1937 . Threyne also made sculptures for barracks, including a farmer and a soldier , during the Nazi era . Threyne also made the death mask of the poet Alfred Brust and the relief Simon Dach , which was attached to the Dachs residential building next to the Blue Tower or at the site of this residential building.
After the end of the war he moved to Brandenburg an der Havel ; there he worked from 1953 to 1959 in the workshop of the youth home as a teacher. He apparently continued his career as a sculptor uninterrupted after the end of the Third Reich ; The first order was a bust of Thälmann , which the Mayor of Brandenburg, Max Herm, presented to the Soviet city commandant. An almost martial bronze figure of Threynes, the fettered resistance fighter, was erected on the Marienberg , in which elements of Nazi art can be found as well as features of socialist realism .
Threyne followed current events and tastes in his commissioned work. Michael Schmaedecke commented on this with the remark, which is clearly relativized in the context: "Forced by external circumstances, Threyne sometimes also works in the sense of the official taste in art". In the post-war period, Threyne also made memorials for victims and resistors of the once glorified regime. Among other things, he created the overall architectural concept for a memorial for the resistance fighters who were executed in the Brandenburg-Görden prison. This also included a memorial wall with its bronze representation of a shackled resistance fighter with clenched fists. The facility is located on a plateau halfway up the Marienberg south of Willi-Sänger-Strasse in Görden.
In 1958 he designed a memorial stone with the flame emblem of the Fédération Internationale de la Résistance, which was set up opposite the entrance to the Brandenburg-Görden penal institution. In 1962 a relief by Threynes in memory of the victims of the euthanasia campaigns of the National Socialists was attached to the old prison in Brandenburg ; it shows a vulnerable human being with closed eyes, "who flinches and dies an agonizing poisonous death."
As in the prewar period, Threyne immortalized great intellectuals in his later days. In 1953 he created a bronze bust of Goethe , which was placed in the Brandenburg Theater Park. The base bears a quote from Faust II . A memorial stone for Friedrich Grasow has stood on Walter-Rathenau-Platz in Brandenburg since 1960 . It consists of a boulder on which a bronze relief plate designed by Threyne with Grasow's portrait is mounted.
Threyne moved to West Germany in the early 1960s.
aftermath
Many of Threynes' works have not been preserved due to the sensitivity of the materials and the effects of the war. In 1984, Threynes' works were shown together with works by his colleagues Edmund May and Erich Schmidt-Kestner in an exhibition in the East Prussian cultural center in the Teutonic Order Castle in Ellingen . The art historian Günther Krüger stated at the time: “All the small figures are portrayed with genre-like amiability, regardless of whether it is the majolica of the boy with the duck, the boy with a dog in clay or the terracotta reliefs from the life of the Tax collector - also the biblical one - acts. In contrast, the three reformers, Bishop Georg von Polenz, Poliander and Johannes Amandus, as well as the statue of Duke Albrecht have something genuinely statuary [...] "
Threyne's students included Maria Ewel , Charlotte Szalinski , Gerhard Sterr and Ulrich Benkmann . One of Threynes' students, Wilhelm Ernst Ehrich, emigrated to the United States in 1929, where he directed the Federal Art Project in Buffalo, New York, and was a resident sculptor and professor at Rochester University.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Silke Osman, His great love was ceramics , in: Das Ostpreußenblatt , October 21, 2000 ( online )
- ↑ A picture of the portal of the customs administration building adorned with Threynes works can be found in the Deutsche Bauzeitung of April 6, 1927 on p. 246 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ a b Erika Durban-Hofmann, The fine arts and their schools in Königsberg / Pr. 1790-1945. Part I: The art and trade school , on: ehrich.us
- ↑ a b c d e f Ivo Asmus, Heiko Droste, Jens E. Olesen: Common acquaintances: Sweden and Germany in the early modern period . LIT Verlag Münster, 2003, ISBN 978-3-8258-7150-5 , p. 37 f.
- ^ Baldur Köster: Königsberg: Architecture from German times . Husum, 2000, p. 140.
- ^ The Raiffeisenhaus in Königsberg , in: Helmut Flotow, Neue Kunst in Alt-Preussen , on: www.koenigsberg-pr.de
- ↑ Silke Osman, Geistig Singen in Preußen , in: Preußische Allgemeine Zeitung , April 15, 2009 ( online )
- ↑ a b Jürgen Lauterbach, Unhold turns Goethe's head , in: Märkische Allgemeine , December 5, 2014 ( online )
- ^ Crimes in the state care institution , on: www.helmutcaspar.de
- ^ City of Brandenburg, Sculptures / Sculptures in Urban Areas , September 12, 2012 ( online )
- ↑ https://www.burchfieldpenney.org/artists/artist:william-ehrich
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Threyne, Franz Andreas |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Threyne, Franz André; Trine, Franz Andreas |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German sculptor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 10, 1888 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Cologne |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 26, 1965 |
| Place of death | Freiburg in Breisgau |