Francis IV (Modena)
Franz IV. Joseph Karl Ambrosius Stanislaus (born October 6, 1779 in Milan , † January 21, 1846 in Modena ), Archduke of Austria from the Austria-Este line , was the ruling Duke of Modena and Reggio from 1814 to 1846 .
Life
Franz was the son of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria , who through his marriage to the heir to the last Duke of Modena Ercole III. d'Este , Maria Beatrix von Este , heir to Modena in 1803, but died in 1806. As a result, Franz succeeded in succession in the Duchy of Modena through the provisions of the Congress of Vienna in 1815 and followed his mother in the Duchies of Massa and Carrara in 1829 .
Francis IV was enmity against the revolution and ruled in the spirit of absolutism . He feared conspiracies everywhere and persecuted the Carbonari from 1821 . When the July Revolution ended the rule of the French Bourbons in 1830, Franz refused to recognize the rule of the citizen king Ludwig Philipp . He also supported Don Carlos as the legitimate king of Spain and granted Dom Miguel a sanctuary at his court.
He dampened a prepared uprising in 1831 by arresting the conspirators; against further uprisings threatening in various places he sought help in Vienna and had all those arrested sentenced to death or to the galleys . Young Italy in particular was hit by reprisals. Franz was also general of the cavalry in the Austrian army.
Due to critical reporting of his government in British newspapers, there was a conflict between Francis IV and Great Britain and, finally, diplomatic relations were broken off by London.
progeny
Francis IV had been married to Beatrix , daughter of King Victor Emmanuel of Sardinia , since 1812 . Of his daughters, the elder, Therese, was the wife of the Count of Chambord, the younger, Marie, was that of the Spanish pretender Juan . His son Franz V followed him .
- Maria Theresa (1817–1886) ∞ Henri d'Artois, comte de Chambord (1820–1883), the last French Bourbon in the male line
- Franz V (1819–1875) ∞ Adelgunde Auguste von Bayern (1823–1914), daughter of King Ludwig I.
- Ferdinand (1821–1849) ∞ Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska Maria of Austria (1831–1903), daughter of Joseph Anton Johann of Austria
- Maria Beatrix (1824–1906) ∞ Johann Infant von Spanien (1822–1887), as Juan III. Carlist pretender to the throne
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Franz IV. Joseph Karl Ambros Stanislaus, Archduke of Austria, Duke of Modena, Massa and Carrara . No. 96. In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 6th part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1860, p. 225 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Richard Reifenscheid: The Habsburgs in Life Pictures . Vienna 1982.
- Imre Gonda, Emil Niederhauser: The Habsburgs . Vienna 1983.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Wurzbach: Este, Ferdinand Karl Victor, Archduke of Austria . In: Biographical Lexicon. 4th part. Vienna 1858, p. 87 ( digitized version ).
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Ercole III. |
Duke of Modena and Reggio 1814–1846 |
Franz V. |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Francis IV |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Franz Joseph Karl Ambrosius Stanislaus |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Archduke of Austria, Duke of Modena and Reggio |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 6, 1779 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Milan |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 21, 1846 |
| Place of death | Modena |