Franz Joseph Müller von Reichenstein
Franz Joseph Müller von Reichenstein (born June 1, 1740 in Sibiu , Transylvania , or October 4, 1742 in Poysdorf , Austria under the Enns ; † October 12, 1825 in Vienna ) was an Austrian scientist and the discoverer of the element tellurium .
origin
His parents were the Transylvanian Thesaurariatsrat Joseph von Müller (1708–1768) and his wife Clara Lettner (around 1716–1759).
Live and act
Franz Joseph Müller was probably born in 1742 as the son of Sebastian Müller and his wife Clara in Poysdorf in Lower Austria . Sibiu and Vienna are also possible places of birth . He studied philosophy in Vienna , but also attended lectures in the field of mineralogy and mining and in 1763 went to the Schemnitz mining center for further training . In 1768 he was appointed Lower Hungarian Markscheider . As early as 1770 he became chief miner and mine director in the Banat. In 1775 he came to Schwaz in Tyrol as a mine director and real mountain ridge , from there he returned to Transylvania in 1778 as a thesaurus. After the thesaurariat was abolished, he was appointed head of the Transylvanian Coin and Mining Thesaurus.
Since he was able to increase the state income from mining in Tyrol, as well as in the Banat and Transylvania, in 1788 he was appointed a real Gubernialrat and was elevated to the hereditary knighthood by Emperor Joseph. In 1795 he received the Transylvanian Indigenate , in 1798 he was promoted to the real court counselor with the re-established thesaurariat in Transylvania, while retaining his dignity, and in 1802 he was appointed to the court in Vienna. He stayed there until he retired in 1818. In recognition of his important services he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Order of St. Stephen, whereupon he was promoted to the baron status in 1820.
Franz Joseph Müller Freiherr von Reichenstein was supported in his work by Samuel von Brukenthal . Von Reichenstein discovered tourmaline in Tyrol in 1778 . He also discovered the element tellurium in 1782, almost simultaneously with Paul Kitaibel (1757–1817). After him, the hyalith, a type of opal , was named "Müllerisches Glas" by several mineralogists.
family
In 1765 he married Margaretha Hehengarten (* January 1, 1744; † March 13, 1784), a daughter of Hofkammerrat Bartholomäus Hehengarten . The couple had several children:
- Anna (born April 1, 1773) ⚭ May 1, 1792 Mathias von Kimerle, royal Transylvanian Thesaurariatsrat and administrator of the Zalathna estate
- Karl Emerich (born March 10, 1780) ⚭ October 16, 1816 Johanna von Hirling
Others
Franz Joseph Müller von Reichenstein was honored with an Austrian special postage stamp on his 250th birthday in 1992 . In 2011, on the occasion of the International Year of Chemistry, a Romanian special postage stamp was issued showing his portrait and the electron configuration of tellurium.
literature
- K. Benda: Müller von Reichenstein Franz Josef Frh .. In: Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815-1950 (ÖBL). Volume 6, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1975, ISBN 3-7001-0128-7 , p. 431.
- Wilhelm von Gümbel: Müller von Reichenstein, Franz Joseph . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1885, p. 702.
- Ferenc Szabadváry: Müller von Reichenstein, Franz Josef. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-428-00199-0 , p. 372 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Müller Freiherr von Reichenstein, Franz Joseph . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 19th part. Imperial and Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1868, pp. 345–347 ( digitized version ).
- Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the baronial houses for the year 1866. Sixteenth year, p.736
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Pfarre Poysdorf, baptism book 1733–1784, p. 110
- ↑ Ossi Horovitz, Müller von Reichenstein and the Tellurium, p. 2 - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271645524_MULLER_VON_REICHENSTEIN_AND_THE_TELLURIUM
- ^ A b AEIOU: Cultural Information System Austria
- ↑ Article of the Romanian romfilatelia ( Memento of the original from March 12, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Manfred Sander: Colorful and with teeth through the IYC. In: News from chemistry . Vol. 60 (2012), ed. 4, p. 441, doi: 10.1002 / nadc.201290156 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Müller von Reichenstein, Franz Joseph |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian scientist and discoverer of the element tellurium |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 1, 1740 or October 4, 1742 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Sibiu or Poysdorf |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 12, 1825 |
| Place of death | Vienna |