Franz Tügel

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Franz Eduard Alexander Tügel (born July 16, 1888 in Hamburg ; † December 15, 1946 there ) was a German Protestant theologian and regional bishop for the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Hamburg state .

Life

The son of a businessman attended schools in Hamburg and Stolberg (Rhineland) and in 1908 he graduated from Matthias-Claudius-Gymnasium in Wandsbek . In the same year he began studying theology at the University of Rostock . In 1909 he moved to the University of Erlangen and continued his studies at the University of Tübingen and the University of Berlin . In Erlangen he joined the student union Uttenruthia in the Schwarzburgbund in 1909 . In October 1912 he passed the first theological exam in Hamburg, became vicar and passed the second theological exam in Hamburg in March 1914. At that time he worked as a librarian for the Hamburg candidate library and represented theologians at sermons.

In April 1916, Tügel was elected third pastor at Hamburg's St. Nikolai Church and married. Since his wife converted to the Roman Catholic Church in December 1918 , he had to look for a new job, which he found in 1919 at the Gnadenkirche in St. Pauli . As a result, Tügel became involved in a church that was distant from politics, socially engaged and should be close to the people in the early Christian sense. To this end, he published, among other things, in the journal Die neue Kirche, which he initiated together with Ludwig Heitmann . With that understanding of clinging to the original orthodox idea of ​​Christianity, he became a valued preacher in Hamburg.

In the time of emerging national extremism, he found his anti-democratic attitude. In June 1931 he joined the NSDAP and became a Gauredner . He joined the German Christians and also confessed to National Socialism in his sermons without questioning it. He saw, among other things, Judaism as a danger to Christianity and thus legitimized the persecution of Jews . In the theological confrontation he faced Karl Barth , among others , which he later regretted. He was appointed to the regional church council by Bishop Simon Schöffel , served as senior church councilor from July 1933, held church services on the radio and took part in the national synod in Wittenberg in November 1933 . In 1934 a tense relationship arose with Schöffel, which he was able to replace as bishop of the Hamburg regional church in March 1934 through intrigues in his office. After he had been elected chief pastor at St. Jacobi on October 1, 1934 , he organized the regional church office as a central authority and redesigned the church council to become an audit office with leadership character. Despite his conviction in favor of National Socialism, Tügel tried to prevent the influence of state ideology on the church confession. He managed to detach the Hamburg Church from the Reich Church . The Aryan paragraph did not come into effect in the Hamburg Church. In 1935, Tügel again distanced himself from the "German Christians" in order to get closer to the pastors of the Confessing Church , with whom he was more theologically connected. Both knew that they were bound by the Augsburg Confession and therefore fought against both the neo-paganism propagated by the Nazis and the “de-Judaization” of Christianity. In 1937 a party expulsion process was initiated against him because he refused to denounce pastors critical of the regime. Although he personally represented völkisch anti-Semitism, he stood up for Christians of Jewish descent.

Gravestone Franz Tügel , Ohlsdorf cemetery

Even after 1945 it remained attached to its ideology and after the Second World War it was no longer acceptable for the Hamburg Church. He described the "main contingent" of concentration camp inmates as "thugs and bandits". In order not to be pushed out of office, he resigned from his church offices on July 18, 1945. Tügel, who suffered from rheumatoid arthritis in the late 1920s , was dependent on constant help as early as 1934. From 1943 he was unable to move and died in 1946 of the consequences of his illness. His grave, like that of his younger brother, the actor, director, radio play speaker and author Hans Tügel , is in Hamburg's Ohlsdorf cemetery (in grid square Y 28 southwest of Chapel 6).

Act

Tügel became a representative of Protestant Orthodoxy within the Lutheran Church and was an opponent of the Church's liberal position. In the context of his actions, he campaigned for the goals of National Socialism.

Fonts

  • (with Julius Hahn and Eduard Juhl ): What do I do with the Bible today? 2nd edition, Bahn, Schwerin 1924
  • Impossible existence! A word against Karl Barth . Rauhen Haus agency, Hamburg 1933.
  • God's way in the world year: A vintage sermon. Railway, Schwerin 1938
  • Didn't our heart burn? Jesus' path of suffering visualized in 40 sermons and addresses. 4th edition, Bahn, Schwerin 1940
  • My way: 1888-1946; Memories of a Hamburg bishop. Edited by Carsten Nicolaisen , Wittig, Hamburg 1972 (works on the church history of Hamburg; Vol. 11) ISBN 3-8048-4112-0

literature

Web links

Commons : Franz Tügel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Enrollment of Franz Tügel in the Rostock matriculation portal
  2. ^ National Socialism and Lutheranism. Franz Tügel , in the exhibition Church, Christians, Jews in Northern Elbe 1933-1945
  3. ^ Eike Eichholz: The prison chaplaincy in Hamburg in the "Third Reich" , Hamburg 1995
  4. ↑ Celebrity Graves
predecessor Office successor
Karl Horn Senior Pastor at St. Jacobi
1934–1945 		Adolf Wilhelm Paul Drechsler
Simon Schoeffel Regional Bishop of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Hamburg State
1934–1945 		Simon Schoeffel
personal data
SURNAME Tügel, Franz
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tügel, Franz Eduard Alexander (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Protestant theologian and Lutheran regional bishop of Hamburg
DATE OF BIRTH July 16, 1888
PLACE OF BIRTH Hamburg
DATE OF DEATH December 15, 1946
Place of death Hamburg