Freiburg Bay

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

As Freiburger bay a is Biogeophysical unit within the main unit group 20-23 Oberrheinisches lowland to Freiburg im Breisgau , respectively. In the handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany it is listed as the main natural spatial unit with the order number 202. Under the term Freiburg Bay in the narrower sense , it is also partially viewed as a sub-unit of the Breisgau Bay .

Enclosure and equipment

Gravel of the Freiburg Bay

Spatially, the Freiburg Bay is bounded by the Kaiserstuhl and Tuniberg in the west, by the Mengener Bridge in the south, the foothill zone with the Black Forest in the east and north-east, and the Riegeler Pforte in the north.

The Freiburg Bay is largely covered with gravel from Black Forest material. The Nimberg with Marchhügel , the Lehener Bergle, Mauracher Berg near Denzlingen, the Hunnenbuck and the Blankenberg ( Lage ) protrude from this gravel plain as peaks of Vorbergschollen. In terms of tectonics, in contrast to the neighboring natural space units 200 ( Markgräfler Rheinebene ) and 210 ( Offenburg Rheinebene ) , the Freiburg Bay can be addressed as a deeper fracture field of the foothill zone.

In the north, the Riegeler Pforte opens the Freiburg Bay and leads into the Offenburg Rhine Plain . All rivers that pour from the Black Forest into the Freiburg Bay flow through this gate: Dreisam , Glotter and Elz with their many tributaries.

The groundwater accumulation on the hills of the Black Forest foothills, on the Tuniberg and on the Kaiserstuhl created large contiguous forest areas on the edges of the Freiburg Bay , which were hardly usable for agriculture before the great river corrections in the middle of the 19th century because of the high groundwater level. They are also known as moss forests in the area . As forest communities, the most potential natural vegetation here are the star chickweed, pedunculate oak and hornbeam forest , the bird cherry and ash forest and, at locations with very small distances to the groundwater, a common sedge-black alder break forest .

The Teninger Allmend and the Freiburg Mooswald are large, contiguous forest areas. After the canalization of the major rivers (Dreisam Canal, Elz with Leopold Canal and derivation of the Glotter over the Lossele to the Elz), parts of these forests were raised and used as meadows or fields. A large contiguous forest area was the " Bahlinger Allmendschachen ", which was cleared between 1850 and 1860 and mainly transferred to meadows (Bürkin 1991).

As far as the locations close to the groundwater are not covered with forest, they were managed as grassland, often as water meadows, until a few decades ago . Original arable sites can be found on the above-mentioned Vorbergschollen as well as on more or less extensive areas around Teningen or in the triangle Denzlingen-Vörstetten-Gundelfingen, which consist of loess-covered low terrace gravel. Today, the former meadows have often turned into fields.

Localities

Cities and municipalities whose boundaries are wholly or with a larger proportion in the Freiburg Bay (starting clockwise in the north):

Fonts

  • G. Endriß: Natural spatial structure. In: Statistisches Landesamt Bad-Württ. (Ed.): Freiburg im Breisgau. City district and district. Volume 1, Freiburg 1965, DNB 456656766 , pp. 143-147.
  • H. Fischer, H.-J. Klink: The natural space units on sheet 177 Offenburg. Inst. F. Landeskde, Bad Godesberg 1967, DNB 456722815 . (Geographical land survey 1: 200,000, natural spatial structure of Germany)
  • R. Groschopf among others: Geological map of Freiburg i. Br. And surroundings. Explanations. Geological map Bad.-Württ. 1: 50,000. 1st edition. 1977, DNB 780660994 . ( Explanations to the sheet Freiburg i. Br. And the surrounding area. 3rd, additional edition. Freiburg 1996, OCLC 312974430. )
  • G. Hügin: The moss forests of the Freiburg Bay. (= Supplements to the publications for nature conservation and landscape management in Baden-Württemberg. 29). Karlsruhe 1982, ISBN 3-88251-062-5 .
  • A. Bürkin: About the commons in Bahlingen. In: Volker Watzka (Ed.): S own show. Volume 5, Emmendingen 1991, ISBN 3-926556-04-8 , pp. 119-122.
  • E. Villinger: Geology of the Freiburg Bay. In: H. Körner (Hrsg.): The Mooswälder - natural and cultural history of the Breisgauer Bucht. Freiburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-935737-55-5 , pp. 15-42.
  • H. Körner (Hrsg.): The moss forests - natural and cultural history of the Breisgauer Bucht. Lavori, Freiburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-935737-55-5

Web links