Friedrich Froebel House (Berlin)

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House Grabbeallee 43a with a varied history

The Friedrich-Fröbel-Haus is a complex of buildings in which the Berlin Fröbel Association maintained an equally named teaching facility in the early 20th century. It was located in the Pankow district of Niederschönhausen and trained kindergarten teachers who were supposed to work according to Froebel's principles.

history

Froebel associations from the 19th century

View of the Friedrich Froebel House, 1935, archived in the Ida Seele archive

In the 1870s, with the simultaneous strong population growth in old Berlin and its suburbs, numerous associations were established that took care of the families' social environment. In 1859 the Berlin Women's Association for the Promotion of Fröbel'schen Kindergartens was established, from which the Berlin Fröbel Association emerged in 1874 together with the Association for Family and Popular Education. According to the annual reports compiled in a book from 1999, this continued in 1927. His aim was to disseminate and promote Froebel's pedagogy, which helped improve the child's learning ability through a system of singing, employment and “play gifts”. The association founded the Fröbel-Haus (also simply called Fröbel-Schule) as a special school for the training of kindergarten teachers (“training the teachers required for the same”).

The following facilities belonged to the Friedrich Fröbel-Haus around the mid-1930s and were used to “train women for their family tasks”, especially in northern Berlin.

  • School for child carers and household assistants
  • Women's school
  • Course to prepare for admission to the seminars for kindergarten teachers and after-school care workers, technical schools for housekeepers and similar institutions (formerly school science preliminary examination)
  • Kindergarten teacher seminar from Easter 1933.
  • Student dormitory
  • Day and night home for small children
  • kindergarten
  • School of housewives and mothers
  • Training courses for unemployed women
  • Female labor service.

After the end of the Second World War in 1945, the occupying powers banned all German associations, including the Froebel Association.

A new Froebel association in 1990

The Froebel Group was founded in 1990 and was soon operating throughout Germany. It works fully in the tradition of the first Berlin Froebel clubs described above. In the major cities of Berlin, Leipzig, Hamburg, Potsdam and the regions of Lausitz, Frankfurt (Oder), North Rhine-Westphalia, Schleswig-Holstein, Lower Saxony, Bremen and Bavaria there are now again Froebel associations under the umbrella of the Froebel group, which before mainly run Fröbel crèches , kindergartens and after-school care centers (as of spring 2016).

Friedrich Froebel House

Beginnings

The city of Berlin as a carrier of Froebel Association presented at the end of the 19th century for the training of kindergarten teachers, nurses and domestic helpers appropriate property in the former suburb of Pankow available, at the request of the magistrate had been built. This includes the residential building at Lindenstrasse 14 (from 1936 Grabbeallee 43) (with the new number 43a; two buildings built next to it were given the numbers 43b and 43c). For many years Ms. Russel and Maria Tippelmann (who, among other things, published the education of toddlers in the German family in 1938 ) were the directors of the Friedrich-Fröbel-Haus in Berlin-Niederschönhausen ; Maria Krawinkel was the deputy director until 1938.

During the Nazi era , the Office for People's Welfare of the local branch of the NSDAP was located next to the Froebel houses (number 43a and 43b) (house 43b).

Training in the Froebel house between 1945 and 1949

Lessons in the Friedrich-Froebel-Haus around 1948, archived in the Ida-Seele archive
Student works, archived in the Ida-Seele archive

After the Froebel Association was banned from May 1945 , the training of educators was particularly urgent in order to be able to teach adolescents free of Nazi ideology. Since no regular daily newspapers were published after the end of the war, the Soviet occupying power (SMAD) printed its daily newspaper and published it as notices in the streets of Berlin, for example in showcases in cinemas. In this way, the German population received all the important information. One day it was announced in this way that the Froebel house will reopen in September 1945 and train kindergarten teachers. A two-year and a three-year training course began there at the same time, after which the three-year courses became the norm.

Classes were formed with the applicants, which were assigned to either the two-year or the three-year course depending on their previous level of education (secondary school leaving certificate or higher and practical experience in housekeeping or not). The seminar curriculum included the following subjects (small selection):

Because there were no “new” textbooks available in 1945/1946, the trainers used their own, as neutral as possible, documents - for example publications by William Stern  - and wrote the contents on the blackboard. The students copied everything and created their own teaching material. The following illustration shows a nice example from a handmade instruction booklet "Handicrafts":

Instructions and pattern for the "Pig" folding work

Käthe Draeger was a teacher for psychology and education who worked at the Friedrich-Froebel-Haus in this post-war period .

The SMAD had confiscated the villa district in this area as a place of residence for their officers and their families. They were free to choose which building should serve as a school for their children. The choice fell on the Friedrich Froebel House. Therefore, the prospective kindergarten teachers had to leave the house on Grabbeallee in autumn 1946 and were given the wing of a school by the Pankow district administration with access from Wollankstraße (later the Carl-von-Ossietzky-Gymnasium ; near the Pankow town hall ). There they were able to acquire their “qualification as kindergarten teacher and after-school care worker” by March 1948 using Froebel's principles. - The girls' home Siloah, which was also located in Grabbeallee, could remain. The Froebel students occasionally held events there.

On the mostly long and arduous way to school from the home to the training center and while learning and projecting together, the future kindergarten teachers came closer and friendships developed that lasted for decades.

Froebel School between 1950 and 1990

The former Friedrich-Froebel-Haus on Grabbeallee lost its name when the training facility was moved and served as a school for the officer's children until the mid-1950s. After it was cleared by the occupying power in the mid-1950s, it became the Niederschönhausen vocational school (no more detailed information on the subject). According to the official telephone book of 1965, the school was no longer in Grabbeallee.

Subsequently, the Pankow district administration of the East Berlin magistrate maintained a “vocational school” in the buildings until after the fall of the Wall . The school wing in Wollankstrasse was the Froebel house until another move in the 1950s and did not belong to the municipal school.

The pedagogical school for kindergarten teachers "Friedrich Fröbel" used the historic school building of the former 89th and 96th community school in Schwedter Straße 232-234 ( Prenzlauer Berg ) and also a schoolhouse in Ludwig-Renn-Straße 5 ( Marzahn ).

After 1990 the "old" Froebel school was closed. The new users of the school building on Schwedter Strasse included the state sports association, a sports club and the Kinderring e. V.

The houses in Grabbeallee after 1990

After German reunification and the Bonn-Berlin Act of 1993, the Republic of Togo acquired the entire property at Grabbeallee 43 and set up its embassy there. The buildings that used to be listed separately under a, b and c are now all under one address.

A building of the three named is since the late 1990s under monument protection . Nothing is known about its concrete building history.

In the vicinity of the former Froebel house on Grabbeallee

Before 1936, when the traffic route was still called Lindenstrasse, the parcels and houses were numbered in a horseshoe shape from northwest (number 1) to number 26b in the southwest and back to northeast (number 50).

  • In the 1920s there was Habel's brewery at Lindenstrasse 14 / 15a.
  • The Froebel school had number 14b at this time. A Froebel association was not expelled.

After the street was renamed and the parcels / houses were renumbered - now according to the Berlin principle, east side even numbering, west side odd numbers - in 1936 the following noteworthy facilities were located in Grabbeallee:

  • No. 2–12 (previously Lindenstrasse 27):
    Evangelisches Diakonissenhaus Teltow-Berlin and Siloah girls' home .
    After 1950 the facility was called Evangelical Dwellings Siloah and owned a home for 25 mentally handicapped people, which had been opened in 1988 in a converted building on the site.
  • No. 15:
    Law firm, real estate marketer and publisher Neue Musik GmbH
  • No. 33:
    Kurt-Lade-Klub , a     youth club set up in a historic villa in the GDR era in the 1980s , which continues to receive financial support from the district office. It is named after the German resistance fighter and graphic artist Kurt Lade (1905–1973).
  • Nos. 51–53:
    The building was built in 1880 as an excursion restaurant for Schönhausen Castle for the restaurateur August Lehder. In 1892 a large ballroom was added as an extension and the complex became the Ballhaus Pankow . During the Nazi era, in 1933, the restaurant had to be stopped. Due to subsequent inheritance disputes, the city authorities placed the house under compulsory administration. In the years that followed, until the turn of 1989 it served as a workshop, factory (including Fleming & Co .; advertised in 1965 with the reference “Oldest special factory for vulcanizing apparatus ”) and warehouse . A new owner came on the scene in 1993 and had the complex restored by 1995 for around five million euros . Since then, it has again been available for events for up to 460 guests.
  • Schönholz Bridge over the Panke River
  • Bürgerpark Pankow

Further training centers of the Froebel Association in Berlin in the 20th century

In Kaiserin-Augusta-Straße 37 (from 1950 on Tschaikowskistraße), also in Pankow-Niederschönhausen, the Froebel Association ran the school for child care and domestic help .

In the former suburb of Weissensee , there was  also a corresponding school at Berliner Allee 228 at the beginning of the 20th century. In Berlin-Schöneberg , an institution had been established as early as 1873 that pursued a very similar concern, called the Pestalozzi-Froebel House , but not part of the Froebel Association, but a foundation under public law .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Nitsch: Private charities…. P. 521.
  2. ↑ Tippelmann, n.d., p. 13.
  3. ↑ Before 1942 and afterwards there were no entries in the Berlin address books for the Berlin Froebel Association .
  4. ↑ Froebel e. V. - the association. Brief description of the Froebel associations; accessed on April 23, 2016.
  5. ^ A b Niederschönhausen> Grabbeallee 43a, 43c . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1942, IV, p. 2422.
  6. ^ Digitized city map of Berlin, situation in 1935 around "Lindenstrasse"; Card K4, sheet 4336 ( Memento of the original dated November 9, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; accessed on April 23, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / histomapberlin.de
  7. ^ Book: Raising small children in German families on www.books.google.de
  8. ↑ About the history of a NSV after-school care seminar in Augsburg ; Enter "Froebel" in the search window .; Retrieved July 5, 2016.
  9. ↑ In April 2016, two contemporary witnesses named the Daily Rundschau , which was displayed in the program box of the "Welt-Lichtspiele" (Boxhagener Straße corner Kreutziger Straße) in late summer 1945 and in which it was announced that the Froebel House would resume work from September 1945. ( User: 44Penguins )
  10. ↑ For the future of our children . In: Neues Deutschland , October 18, 1948; Brief report on a conference on the "Situation of the Berlin Child" in October 1948 in Berlin.
  11. ↑ Histor. Map section 1956; Sheet 4336 ( Memento of the original from November 9, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Schools . In: Telephone book for Greater Berlin (GDR), 1957, Part 4 III. Participants, p. 226. “Vocational School Niederschönhausen, Grabbeallee 43”. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / histomapberlin.de
  12. ↑ Schools . In: Telephone book for the capital of the GDR , 1977, part 7. Participants, p. 535. "Vocational school Niederschönhausen, Grabbeallee 43". ADAC-Verlag, Greater Cities and Towns. Berlin. Duration until 2001, p. 87. District office.
  13. ↑ Technical schools . In: Business telephone book for the capital of the German Democratic Republic Berlin , 1988, part 3. Business sectors, p. 94. “Pedagogical school for kindergarten teachers” Fr. Froebel "".
  14. ↑ Imprint Kinderring Berlin eV Address Landessportbund Berlin ( Memento of the original from July 14, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Gym website all accessed April 21, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lsb-berlin.net
  15. ^ Website of the Togolese embassy in Berlin. (French, English) Retrieved December 22, 2015.
  16. ↑ Monument Grabbeallee 43, residential building, around 1870 .
  17. ↑ a b Lindenstrasse 14 / 15a . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1930, IV Niederschönhausen, p. 2156. “Habels Brewery”.
  18. ↑ Pankow: New home for the mentally handicapped accessed on April 20, 2016.
  19. ^ The fate of the GDR publishers . Chr. Links Verlag, 2009, ISBN 3861535238 .
  20. ^ Homepage Verlag Neue Musik
  21. ^ Website of the KL Club
  22. ↑ Biographical information about Kurt Lade and naming of existing archive materials ; accessed on April 23, 2016.
  23. ↑ Show . In: Telephone book for the capital of the GDR , 1965, part 5. Participants, p. 30.
  24. ^ Homepage of the former Ballhaus Pankow from the investor Berlin-Property-Partner; Retrieved April 24, 2016.
  25. ↑ Kaiserin-Augusta-Str. 37 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1942, IV Niederschönhausen, p. 2424.
  26. ↑ Weißensee> Schulwesen, Erziehungsanstalten etc. In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1914, V, p. 473. “Froebelsch Kindergarten and Kindergarten Teacher Training Institution”.
  27. ^ The Pestalozzi Froebel House. Pestalozzi-Froebel-Haus, accessed on February 22, 2019 (own representation): "For more than 140 years ..."
  28. ↑ Cat. For the exhibition Das Pestalozzi-Froebel-Haus: Development e. Women's job in the Pestalozzi-Froebel-Haus Berlin 30. Can be borrowed from the ZLB .

Coordinates: 52 ° 34 ′ 34.4 "  N , 13 ° 23 ′ 54.3"  E