Friedrich Balduin

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Friedrich Balduin (around 1620)

Friedrich Balduin (born November 17, 1575 in Dresden , † May 1, 1627 in Wittenberg ; also: Friedrich Balduinus ) was a Lutheran theologian.

Life

Friedrich Balduin was born the son of the furrier Paul Balduin and his wife Magdalena Sperling. After he graduated from the city ​​school in Dresden, he attended the Princely School of Meissen on April 27, 1590 with the support of his sovereign . He left this on September 8, 1593 and enrolled on October 2, 1593 at the University of Wittenberg , where he wanted to devote himself to the study of theology. In Wittenberg he initially completed philosophical studies, especially mathematics with Johann Hagius († 1604). When he had acquired sufficient skills, he attended lectures at the theological faculty with Polycarp Leyser the Elder , Agidius Hunnius the Elder and Salomon Gesner . On March 15, 1597, he acquired a master's degree in philosophy and two years later in Jena a poetic poet's laurel .

Returned to Wittenberg, he became an adjunct of the philosophical faculty on October 18, 1601 and received the poet's crown around the same time . In the meantime he had become an assistant to Leonhard Hutter and attended the Regensburg Religious Discussion with him in 1601 . Since Baldwin had received an electoral scholarship, he followed an instruction from the elector in 1602. After he was ordained by Hunnius on April 16, 1602 at the Wittenberg town church, he moved to Freiberg as a deacon of the Peterskirche . But already in the following year on October 30, 1603, he moved to Oelsnitz as pastor and superintendent . In 1604 he was appointed fourth theological professor to succeed David Runge at the university in Wittenberg. Therefore, he resigned his office in Ölsnitz on February 16, 1605 and took up the fourth theological professorship at the Wittenberg University with his inaugural speech on March 5, 1605. In order to meet the requirements of a doctor father, he graduated on June 28, 1605 the licentiate in theology and a doctorate on July 23, 1605 to the doctor of theology. In 1608 he rose to the second professorship at the theological faculty, succeeded Georg Mylius as pastor at St. Mary's Church in Wittenberg, inspector of the electoral scholarship holders and general superintendent of the Saxon spa district.

In particular, he gained a great reputation as a pastor at the city ​​church . In 1608 he took over the chairmanship of the theological consistory as assessor, accompanied the elector Christian II to the Prague prince's day in 1610, took over the first theological professorship at the Wittenberg Alma Mater in 1616 and participated in the Saxon theological conventions in Leipzig in 1623 and in Dresden in 1624. As head of the theological faculty, he remained as a senior of the theological faculty until the death of the University of Wittenberg . He also served as dean of the theological faculty in 1607, 1608, 1610, 1612, 1613/14, 1615/16, 1617, 1619, 1621, 1621/22, 1623, 1623/24, 1625 as dean of the theological faculty and in the winter semester 1625/26 as vice dean of the theological faculty.

Baldwin read the Pauline Letters at the university with reference to the ecclesiastical issues and interpreted them for the ecclesiastical practice of the time. He became the founder of casuistry on the Protestant side. In contrast to the Catholic casuistry, he held lectures in order to systematically structure the content of the reports required by the faculty. To this end, a long time after his death, the faculty published a work entitled “Tractatus de casibus Conscientiae”, which is considered the first Lutheran treatment of the subject. His German and Latin writings, speeches, sermons and treatises are numerous and relate partly to the Explanation of the Scriptures, partly to the Lutheran symbol books, the Rakau Catechism and several doctrines, for example on the Lord's Supper , indulgences , the image service and the Antichrist .

family

Baldwin was married twice.

His first marriage was on November 9, 1602 in Dresden with Dorothea Meisner (born September 5, 1585 in Dresden, † October 4, 1622 in Wittenberg), the daughter of the city preacher in Dresden Balthasar Meisner the Elder. Ä. (* May 24, 1556 in Axien; † May 1, 1623 in Dresden), a. The twenty-year marriage resulted in ten sons and two daughters. Four sons and a daughter had died before their mother died.

After his first wife died in 1622, he married Sophia Barwasser on January 20, 1624 in Torgau (born June 18, 1607 in Torgau; † September 19, 1667 in Leipzig), the daughter of the Torgau merchant, councilor, city judge and mayor Eucharius Barwasser (* February 20, 1570 in Baesweiler; † August 24, 1632 in Torgau) and his wife Barbara Gadegast, who married on July 11, 1598 in Torgau (* July 21, 1578 in Torgau; † August 2, 1644 in Wittenberg). No children are known from this marriage. His widow Sophia married Johann Hülsemann on January 26, 1630 . After Baldwin's death only six sons lived. From the children we know:

  1. So. Balthasar Balduin (~ October 30, 1603 in Oelsnitz; † October 29, c. October 30, 1604 ibid)
  2. To. NN Balduin m. with the pastor in Elster Martin Dietrich
  3. So. Balthasar Balduin (* February 5, 1605 in Dresden; † April 29, 1652 Regensburg) September 13, 1614 Uni. Wittenberg (dep.), March 16, 1624 Mag.phil. ibid., February 1625 Mag. leg. ibid., summer semester 1626 Uni. Jena; May 8, 1638 Lic. Theol. ibid., August 28, 1638 Dr. theol. ibid.,
  4. Sun. Johann Friedrich Balduin (~ August 4, 1606 in Wittenberg; † young)
  5. Christian Balduin (~ September 3, 1607 in Wittenberg) September 13, 1614 Uni. Wittenberg (dep.),
  6. So. Friedrich Balduin (~ August 25, 1609 in Wittenberg; † September 2, 1650 in Dresden) September 13, 1614 Uni. Wittenberg (dep.), Summer semester 1638 Uni. Jena, received his doctorate on November 15, 1638 at the university. Jena with the thesis Dissertatio inauguralis de calculo renum et vesicae to Doktor med.
  7. So. Gottfried Balduin (~ May 30, 1611 in Wittenberg; † young)
  8. So. Gottfried Balduin (~ August 13, 1612 in Wittenberg) September 13, 1614 Uni. Wittenberg (dep.), Summer semester 1634 Uni. Leipzig,
  9. So. Paul Balduin (~ March 1614 in Wittenberg; † young)
  10. Sun. Johann Balduin (~ October 29, 1615 in Wittenberg; † 1639 in Dresden) August 9, 1625 Uni. Wittenberg (dep.), April 9, 1636 Bacc. phil. University. Leipzig, January 26, 1637 Mag.phil. ibid., theol. Stud.
  11. To. Anna Dorothea Balduin (~ October 22, 1617 in Wittenberg; † young)
  12. So. Paul Balduin (~ October 6, 1620 in Wittenberg) August 9, 1625 Uni. Wittenberg (dep.), Became a corporal in the Linckischer Regiment, then innkeeper in Regensburg, married. November 7, 1648 in Regensburg with Anne Margarethe, widow of the Regensburg landlord Johann Wissinger;

Works

  • Tractatus de casibus conscientiae
  • Christian funeral sermon / About the blissful farewell to this world / of ... Augusti, Hertzüge zu Sachsen / Gülich ... Whose princely graces on December 26th. On. Fell asleep in the Lord in Dreßden in 1615 ... Wittenberg 1616

literature

  • Jakob Martini : Christian funeral sermon on the saying Dan. 12.v.2.3. Much / so limp leagues under the earth / & c. : Bey Volckreicher funeral beggars Des ... Friderici Balduini ... who fell asleep on the 1st of May in 1627 / and on the 4th of May in the parish churches of Wittenberg ... was buried. Gormann, Wittenberg, 1627 ( online )
  • Erasmus Schmidt : Oratio Funebris, Viri Reverendi & Optimi Friderici Balduini, SS. Theol. D. Et In Academia Wittebergensi Professoris Solertissimi ... Memoriae / habita Wittebergae ad XII. Iunii, anno Epoches Christianae 1627. a M. Johann Gromann, Wittenberg, 1627 ( online )
  • Balduinus (Fridericus). In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 3, Leipzig 1733, column 217.
  • Christian Gottlieb Jöcher : General scholarly lexicon . Johann Friedrich Gleditsch , Leipzig, 1750, Vol. 1, Col. 736 ( online )
  • Wilhelm Gaß :  Balduin, Friedrich . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, p. 16 f.
  • Walter Friedensburg : History of the University of Wittenberg. Niemeyer, Halle / Saale, 1917
  • Fritz Roth : Complete evaluations of funeral sermons and personal documents for genealogical and cultural-historical purposes. Volume 2, Boppard 1961, R 1137 (funeral sermon of his first wife in the Protestant seminary in Wittenberg).
  • Theodor Mahlmann:  Balduin, Friedrich . In: Religion Past and Present (RGG). 4th edition. Volume 1, Mohr-Siebeck, Tübingen 1998, Sp. 1069.
  • John Flood: Poets Laureate in the Holy Roman Empire. A Bio-bibliographical Handbook. Walter des Gruyter, Berlin-New York, 2006, ISBN 978-3-11-018100-5 , Vol. 1 (A – C), pp. 113 ff.
  • Armin Koehnle, Beate Kusche: Book of Professors of the Theological Faculty of the University of Wittenberg 1502 to 1815/17. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig, 2016, ISBN 978-3-374-04302-6 , pp. 26–28
  • Daniel Bohnert: Wittenberg university theology in the early 17th century. A case study on Friedrich Balduin (1575–1627). Tübingen 2017, ISBN 978-3-16-155474-2 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ He was born as the son of the farmer Balthasar Meisner (was 70 years old) and his wife Margaretha NN (was 73 years old), attended the schools in Prettin and Zerbst, 1571 Uni. Wittenberg, 1578 schoolmaster in Brehna, 1580 teacher Wittenberg, incidentally theol. Studies, 1583 Pfarrsubst. of Daniel Greser in Dresden, 1584 city preacher ibid., 1586 Mag. phil. University. Wittenberg, m. 1584 in Dresden with Anna Krantz (* 1565; † 1630 in Dresden), daughter of the court servant Franz Krantz, 3rd daughter. & 1. So., 1. To. † young (11th week old), To. Dorothea married Friedrich Balduin, To. Anna (born April 15, 1597 in Dresden; † May 12, 1651 ibid) married. with Dr. jur. and advocate Dresden Jacob Schmid (* September 24, 1583; † July 21, 1665 in Dresden), So. Balthasar Meisner , cf. Aegidius Strauch : Christian funeral sermon. At the funeral of The Venerable, Honorable, and Wolgelahrten, Mr. M. Balthasar Meißner, city preacher of Dreßden. Which in 1623 fell asleep blissfully on May 1st in Christ Jesus, and on the 7th afterwards, on the Kirchhoff to dear Frawen, Christian and honestly buried. Johann Gormann, Wittenberg, 1624 ( online ); Laudation Funebris, Viri Reverendi et Clarissimi Dn. M. Balthasaris Meisneri, Quondam Ecclesiastae Dresdensis Primarii & Ministerii Ecclesiastici Senioris Venerandi, pm Instituta Wittenbergae a M. Balthasare Balduino, defuncti Nepote. Christian Thamm, Wittenberg, 1624 ( online ), Johann Gottfried Michaelis: Dreßdnish Inscriptiones and Epitaphia: Which monuments of those who rest in God are buried here in and outside of the Church to our dear women, and await a joyous rise to be found . For the deceased as a permanent memory, but for the living as a mirror and willing follower, sought together with all diligence, and for public pressure, along with a historical preface by Gedachter Kirche. Johann Heinrich Schwencke, Dresden, 1714, p. 154, Ep. 404 ( Online )
  2. ^ Vota secunda viro Dn. Friderico Balduino, Doctori & Professori theologo ... in Academia ... Witebergensi, cum Sophia Eucharii Barwasseri filia ad d. Jan 20, 1624 incunda Torgae. Gormann, Wittenberg, 1624 ( online )
  3. ↑ cf. Fritz Roth: Complete evaluations R 2661; Otto Sartorius: Family sheet of the Lutherid Association. Harste, 1935, 2nd volume, issue 12 ( online )
  4. ↑ Fritz Roth: Rest lots evaluations. R. 2697
  5. ↑ Veronika Albrecht-Birkner: Pastor book of the church province of Saxony. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig, 2003, ISBN 3-374-02083-6 , Vol. 1, p. 188
  6. ↑ Dreßdnish Inscriptiones and Epitaphia. ibid.
  7. ↑ cf. Matriculation Uni. Wittenberg & Uni. Leipzig, Dreßdnish Inscriptiones and Epitaphia. ibid.,
  8. ↑ cf. Wedding poems in honor of Wolgefallen / Dem ... Paul Balduin: / been a corporal / vnter dem Hochlöbl. Linckian Regiment: Weyland Des ... Friderici Baldvini, SS Theol. D. vnd wolverorderet Gewesten General Superint: of the Chur-Sächsisches Creis Wittenberg ... posthumous married son / To now citizens and host / And then also to ... Annae Margarethae ... When they celebrated their wedding honorary honor in Regenspurg on the 7th November day / of this ending 1648th year / congratulatory set up by close relatives / brothers-in-law and good friends. Christoph Fischer, Regensburg, 1648, ( online )
personal data
SURNAME Balduin, Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Balduinus, Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Lutheran theologian
DATE OF BIRTH November 17, 1575
PLACE OF BIRTH Dresden
DATE OF DEATH May 1, 1627
Place of death Wittenberg