Friedrich Cornelius

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Friedrich Cornelius (born July 2, 1893 in Munich , † January 8, 1976 in Schondorf am Ammersee ) was a German ancient historian .

Life

Friedrich Cornelius was the son of Hans Cornelius (1863–1947), grandson of Carl Adolph Cornelius (1819–1903), great-nephew of Peter Cornelius (1824–1874) and great-great-nephew of Peter von Cornelius (1783–1867). Cornelius attended the Wilhelmsgymnasium in Munich and passed his Abitur there in 1912. He then studied history, with interruptions caused by the First World War , and received his doctorate in New History in 1919 . After that, Cornelius was forced to work as a freelance writer for a long time. In July 1930 he joined the NSDAP , became a local group leader and in 1933 mayor of Garching . In 1939 he completed his habilitation with Alexander Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg at the University of Würzburg with investigations into early Roman history and was then Dr. phil. habil. , but was not awarded the teaching license ( venia legendi ).

During the time of National Socialism , Cornelius worked in the institute for research into the Jewish question and often expressed himself strongly anti-Semitic. After the end of the Second World War , Cornelius' writing Ludendorffs Errtum (F. Cornelius, Munich 1937) and the outline of Germanic history written with Walter Eckhardt : From the Cimbern Procession to Charlemagne and the Viking Age (Kohlhammer, 2nd edition Leipzig 1943) in of the Soviet zone of occupation on the list of literature to be segregated.

From the winter semester of 1957/1958, Cornelius was a lecturer for "Basic Questions in the History of the Ancient Orient" at the Ancient History Department of the University of Munich . After Hermann Bengtson was called to Munich in 1966 and he himself dealt with ancient orientalist topics in his lectures, Cornelius' teaching assignment was changed to one for ancient religious history.

Chronology by Albright-Cornelius

Friedrich Cornelius was the first to calculate the reign of Chammurabi (now mostly written as Hammurabi ) on the basis of cuneiform texts with astronomical observations to the exact year 1728 to 1686 BC. Before that, his reign was around 2000 BC. And spoke of a gap of about 300 years without tradition in the history of the ancient Orient. This gap disappeared with the exact calculation of the reign of the Chammurabi. Independently of Friedrich Cornelius, the American historian William Foxwell Albright also came to the same conclusion. This is why the chronology based on the dates developed by both scientists is also called the "Cornelius-Albright Chronology".

Fonts (selection)

  • 1925: World history and its rhythm . Ernst Reinhardt Verlag Munich
  • 1929: The tyranny in Athens. Ernst Reinhardt Verlag Munich
  • 1932: Cannae: The military and the literary problem (= Klio . Supplements. Volume 26). Dieterich, Leipzig
  • Schäffer's outline of culture and history . Verlag W. Kohlhammer Department Schäffer Leipzig:
  • 1938: Outline of the Germanic doctrine of gods . Issue 10
  • 1942: Outline of the Germanic history .
  • 1940: Research on early Roman history. Ernst Reinhardt Verlag Munich
  • 1942: Indo-European religious history . Ernst Reinhardt Verlag Munich
  • Schäffer's Outline of Culture and History, Section I History ; W. Kohlhammer Verlag Stuttgart and Cologne:
  • 1950: History of the Ancient Orient , Volume 3.
  • 1950: Greek history . Volume 4.
  • 1950: Roman history . Volume 5.
  • 1950: the age of absolutism . Volume 9.
  • 1959: Wilhelm Esch expedition to Asia Minor
  • 1960: Early intellectual history. I. part . EJ Brill publishing house, Leiden
  • 1962: Early intellectual history. II. Part Volume 1
  • 1967: Early intellectual history. II. Part Volume 2
  • 1969: Contributor to the German edition of the two-volume encyclopaedic work: The Bible and its WORLD . Published by Gaalyahu Cornfeld and Johannes Botterweck, Gustav Lübbe Verlag.
  • 1969: The Credibility of the Gospels (Philological Studies) Ernst Reinhardt Verlag Munich / Basel
  • 1973: History of the Hittites. Scientific book society. Darmstadt

literature

  • Short biography with: Werner Schubert, Werner Schmid, Jürgen Regge: Academy for German Law, 1933–1945: Minutes of the Committees , Volume 3, Family Law Committee, Volume 3, p. 40.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Annual report from the K. Wilhelms-Gymnasium in Munich. ZDB ID 12448436 , 1911/12.
  2. Jakob Seibert : "From seminar to seminar". In: Derselbe (Ed.): 100 Years of Old History at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich (1901–2001) (= Ludovico Maximilianea. Research and sources. Volume 19). Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-428-10875-2 , pp. 23–39, here p. 26, note 8.
  3. Gerd Simon : Chronologie Paul, Otto: http://homepages.uni-tuebingen.de/gerd.simon/ChrPaulO.pdf
  4. http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1948-nslit-c.html
  5. Jakob Seibert : "From seminar to seminar". In: Derselbe (Ed.): 100 Years of Old History at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich (1901–2001) (= Ludovico Maximilianea. Research and sources. Volume 19). Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-428-10875-2 , pp. 23–39, here p. 26.