Friedrich Ernst von Bülow

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Friedrich Ernst von Bülow (born October 5, 1736 in Essenrode , † May 4, 1802 in Celle ) was an officer , landowner and landscape director from the Electorate of Hanover .

Life

Friedrich Ernst came from the Mecklenburg nobility of the von Bülow family and was the son of the landowner Gotthard Heinrich August von Bülow († 1769) on Essenrode . He was trained as a page and served as an ensign in the Hanoverian footguard. With the outbreak of the Seven Years' War he switched to the Jägerkorps set up by Count Georg Ludwig von der Schulenburg and commanded by Colonel Wilhelm von Freytag since 1759 . With his troops he was deployed under the command of Duke Ferdinand von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel on theaters of war in Westphalia, Hesse and Hanover and took part in the battle of Minden . Bülow showed courage and skill and gained a reputation, so that as one of the youngest captains of Ferdinand von Braunschweig he was often entrusted with the command of larger units and difficult orders.

In 1761 Bülow was promoted to major and transferred to the Bock infantry regiment shortly before the peace treaty . In the garrison service he found no fulfillment, so that he quit the service and after the death of his father in 1769 took over the management of the Essenrode estate at a time when an agricultural reform was already emerging. Bülow believed early on in the common division and coupling , the abolition of tithe in kind and court service . Around 1783 he succeeded in making a settlement with 'his' farmers, which rounded off his Essenrode estate and removed it from community with the farmers' fields. His example, one of the first of a division that was carried out, had an effect on other landowners because the rent could be increased significantly in this way. In about the same period von Bülow acquired a complex of neglected estates in Mecklenburg , on which he gave farmers their farms on hereditary or temporary leases instead of laying them.

In 1770 Bülow was elected Treasurer by the Lüneburg knighthood and in 1778 as District Administrator. In 1780 he was appointed by King George III. to landscape director and abbot to St. Michaelis . As abbot, he changed the management of the monastery property and freed the monastery forests from easements . The Lüneburg saltworks received a new constitution under his leadership, and efficiency was increased by changing the management method. On the side he founded a model farm on his own account on barren heather near Lüneburg . In 1792 he was elected director of the Königliche Landwirthschaftsgesellschaft zu Celle . Albrecht Daniel Thaer mourned the death of Bülow with the words: “I have lost my friend, my teacher, my benefactor in him; but his picture, his example, my feeling of gratitude lives forever in my soul. "

family

He married Dorothea Sophia Juliane von der Hagen († March 1, 1762), daughter of Friedrich Christoph von Hagen (1704–1762) and Henriette Erdmutha von Ribbeck. The son Friedrich emerged from the marriage.

His second wife was Louise Margarethe von Behr († November 15, 1818), daughter of the Braunschweig Lieutenant General Jakob Georg Moritz von Behr (1693-1760) and Gertraud Ilsabe von Behr-Häuslingen. The couple had numerous children:

  • Georg Christian Ludwig (June 21, 1765 - December 9, 1840), district director in Bayreuth ⚭ December 22, 1797 Emilie von Bernstorff († 1820)
  • Carl Ernst Heinrich (born June 25, 1766 - † December 9, 1825), district administrator and senior tax council in Hanover
⚭ 1791 Sophie Meyer († March 19, 1792)
⚭ Dorothea Friederike von Plato (* 1768; † December 27, 1841)
  • Anna (1767–1768)
  • Dorothea (1768–1769)
  • Gertrud (* December 16, 1769; † 1770)
  • Burchard Lebrecht August (* February 14, 1771; † May 18, 1816 drowned in the Rhine), Prussian government councilor in Düsseldorf ⚭ Charlotte Eleonore Christiane von Schrader (* April 23, 1774; † June 16, 1817)
  • Annette (February 12, 1772 - February 16, 1847) ⚭ May 18, 1796 Bodo Christian Wilhelm von Plato († March 5, 1847)
  • Christian Wilhelm Julius (* May 21, 1773 - May 23, 1793), lieutenant, died at Famars
  • Friedrich Ludwig Viktor Hans , Count von Bülow (* July 14, 1774; † July 10, 1825) ⚭ Johanna Schmucker (* June 20, 1781; † August 28, 1855)
  • Joachim Christian Wilhelm Claus (* December 3, 1775; † June 23, 1835) ⚭ Juliane von Meding (* May 5, 1793; † January 12, 1865) (daughter of Georg Hans Werner von Meding (1746–1837))
  • Louise Helene Gertrud Elisabeth (* June 25, 1777; † March 2, 1861) ⚭ Philipp von Borries (1778–1838)
  • Gottlob Wilhelm Friedrich (* August 18, 1779 - May 18, 1847) Danish chamberlain and court hunter ⚭ Louise von Stolle (* September 14, 1787 - April 25, 1861) -> Bülow-Stolle line
  • Sophie (October 30, 1783 - December 19, 1856) canoness in Lüne
  • Ernst (born November 8, 1784 - March 1813), Russian chief forester in Smolensk ⚭ Anna Zimmermann (daughter of the school director in Vyborg (Finland))
  • Juliane (February 2, 1787 - December 31, 1860) ⚭ Franz von Borries (April 9, 1785 - August 15, 1858), District President in Minden
  • Elisabeth (* May 16, 1789; † October 31, 1860) ⚭ November 22, 1822 Friedrich von Borries (1764–1825), Prussian Secret High Tribunal Councilor in Berlin (brother of Philipp)
  • Charlotte (November 20, 1791 - July 17, 1808), canoness in Dobbertin

literature

  • Ferdinand Frensdorff:  Bülow, Friedrich Ernst von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1876, p. 524 f.
  • AL Jacobi: Memories from the life of the landscape director von Bülow. Celle 1802.
  • Arnold Freiherr von Weyhe-Eimke: The Aebte of the St. Michaelis Monastery in Lüneburg: With special reference to the history of the monastery and the knight academy . Celle: Schulze, 1862 ( digitized in the Google book search).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See Albrecht Daniel Thaer, in: Annalen der Niedersächsischen Landwirthschaft , 4th year, 3rd piece, p. 139
  2. ↑ Annalen der Niedersächsischen Landwirthschaft, edited by K. Churf. Agricultural society in cell by Albrecht Thaer and Johann Conrad Beneke, fourth year. Third piece. 1802, p. 150.
  3. ↑ Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung. Volume 4, obituary
personal data
SURNAME Bülow, Friedrich Ernst von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German officer, landowner and landscape director
DATE OF BIRTH October 5, 1736
PLACE OF BIRTH Essenrode
DATE OF DEATH May 4, 1802
Place of death Celle