Friedrich Karl (Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt)

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Friedrich Karl von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt

Friedrich Karl von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (born June 7, 1736 in Rudolstadt ; † April 13, 1793 ibid) was the ruling Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt from 1790 to 1793 and was a collector of natural objects . The prince came from the Schwarzburg family .

Life

Friedrich Karl was the son of Prince Ludwig Günther II of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt and his wife Sophie Henriette, née Countess Reuss zu Untergreiz. The prince was sent to France for education and learning the French language from 1755 to 1756. In Lyon he visited factories and in Marseille the natural history cabinet of the Marquis de Fontanière. Afterwards, various manufacturers, a natural history cabinet and libraries were visited in Paris .

In 1764 he took part in the coronation of Emperor Joseph II in Frankfurt . There he also visited the grave of Günther XXI. : The ancestor and antagonist was buried there in 1349. On August 29, 1790, Friedrich Karl became regent. Even before he took office, the prince had certain emotional problems. As a child, Friedrich Karl began building his natural history collection, from which the Rudolstadt Natural History Museum later emerged. The prince visited the first natural history cabinet in Greiz in 1743 . In 1757 he set up the “Princely Natural History Cabinet” in Ludwigsburg , which was later expanded and already occupied seven rooms of the palace in the 19th century. One of the first caretakers of the collection was Christoph Ludwig Kämmerer . In 1919 the collection moved to Heidecksburg Castle .

Friedrich Karl corresponded with Johann Heinrich Merck , among others, and left him rhinoceros bones and other pieces from his collection to research. The prince was also friends with Johann August Ephraim Goeze (1731–1793), the doctor Friedrich Heinrich Wilhelm Martini (1729–1778), the pastor Johann Samuel Schröter (1735–1808) and Johann Ernst Immanuel Walch (1725–1778). and scientific relationships. Most of their writings were taken over into the library of his natural history cabinet and some were even dedicated to Friedrich Karl. For example, the third volume of the Martinisches Conchylien- Cabinet , published in 1777, carried the prefix “His High Prince Highness, the Hereditary Prince Friedrich Karl von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, dedicated by the author in subservience” and the work Naturalis Dispositio, revised by Nathanael Gottfried Leske ; Echinodermatum by Jakob Theodor Klein , the second edition of which appeared in Leipzig in 1778, was also dedicated to Friedrich Karl. In 1777 Friedrich Karl received honorary membership of the University of Erfurt for his scientific commitment. He was also a member of the Society of Friends of Natural Science in Berlin . In 1792 he had the Komödienhaus am Anger built, which was inaugurated a few weeks after the prince's death. From this theater, whose director was Johann Wolfgang von Goethe between 1793 and 1803 , the Thuringian State Theater Rudolstadt emerged.

The prince suffered a stroke in 1792 and died on April 13, 1793. Among the sovereigns, he had the shortest reign of two and a half years.

Marriages and offspring

Friederike Sophie Auguste von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt

Friedrich Karl married his first wife Friederike Sophie Auguste (1745–1778), the daughter of Prince Johann Friedrich von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt , on October 21, 1763 . The marriage had the following six children:

In his second marriage, the prince was married to Princess Auguste Louise Friederike (1752-1805), daughter of Prince Johann August von Sachsen-Gotha-Altenburg , from November 28, 1780 . This marriage remained childless.

See also

literature

  • The Princes of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt , Thuringian State Museum Heidecksburg, Rudolstadt 1997 (3rd edition 2001), ISBN 3-910013-27-9 .
  • Heinrich Friedrich Theodor Apfelstedt : The House of Kevernburg-Schwarzburg from its origins to our time: depicted in the family tables of its main and secondary lines and with biographical notes on the most important members of the same , Bertram, Sondershausen 1890, ISBN 3-910132-29-4 .
  • Johann Christian August Junghans: History of the Black Castle Regents , Leipzig 1821. E-Text
  • Rudolf Möller: Friedrich Carl von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (1736–1790–1793). Contributions to the biography of the founder of the Natural History Museum in Rudolstadt , in: Rudolstädter Naturhistorische Schriften 4, 1992, pp. 5–11.
  • Heinrich Schöppl: The regents of the Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt , Rudolstadt 1915.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Documentation Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt , accessed on June 3, 2012 (PDF document; 38 kB).
  2. ^ Heidecksburg Castle - Natural History Collections , accessed on June 3, 2012.
  3. ↑ cf. for example Ulrike Leuschner (ed.), Johann Heinrich Merck. Correspondence , Volume 3, Göttingen, ISBN 978-3-8353-0105-4 , pp. 534-536
  4. ^ Library of the Natural History Museum in the Thuringian State Museum Heidecksburg , accessed on June 7, 2014.
  5. ↑ Naturalis Dispositio; Echinodermatum, 1778. Retrieved June 3, 2012
  6. ^ Thuringian State Theater Rudolstadt , accessed on June 3, 2012.
  7. ↑ Fürstin Friederike Karoline von Schwarzburg Sondershausen ( Memento of the original from April 26, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 3, 2012  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ig-karoline.arnstadt.de
predecessor Office successor
Ludwig Günther II. Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
1790–1793 		Ludwig Friedrich II.
personal data
SURNAME Friedrich Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, Friedrich Carl von; Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, Friedrich Karl von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German natural history collector, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
DATE OF BIRTH June 7, 1736
PLACE OF BIRTH Rudolstadt
DATE OF DEATH April 13, 1793
Place of death Rudolstadt